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41.
The octanol–air partition coefficients (KOA) for PBB15, PBB26, PBB31, PBB49, PBB103 and PBB153 were determined as a function of temperature using a gas chromatographic retention time technique with 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p′-DDT) as a reference substance. The internal energies of phase change from octanol to air (ΔOAU) were calculated for the six compounds and were in the range from 74 to 116 kJ mol−1. Simple regression equations of log KOA versus relative retention times (RRTs) on gas chromatography (GC), and log KOA versus molecular connectivity indexes (MCI) were obtained, for which the correlation coefficients (r2) were greater than 0.985 at 283.15 K and 298.15 K. Thus the KOA values of the remaining PBBs can be predicted by using their RRTs and MCI according to these relationships. 相似文献
42.
43.
Ferric and manganese binary oxide (FMBO) has been successfully used to remediate arsenic-polluted river, but there still lacks sufficient data to evaluate its effects on environments. The release behaviors of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and arsenic (As) in different Eh ranges were investigated for As-bearing FMBO sediment after remediating As-polluted DaSha River by FMBO. Under high Eh range (+550 to +400 mV), slight dissolution of Fe and Mn, which corresponded to 12.2% and 25.6%, and less than 5% of As release were observed in 336 h. Under lower Eh range (+50 to −100 mV), elevated extent of the dissolution of Mn and Fe were observed, which corresponded to as high as 61.3% and 70.1%. Under such conditions, the dissolution rate of Mn was higher than that of Fe. Furthermore, from the established relationship of As release and the dissolution of Fe and Mn, the release of As seemed dominated by the dissolution of Fe. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated the release of Fe, Mn, As(III), and As(V) after sodium ascorbate-treatment, and the re-adsorption of As(V), as indicated from the increased binding energy of As 3d from 44.78 to 45.83 eV. Surface element composition analysis indicated significant decrease of Mn from 3.22% to 0.54%, slight increase of Fe from 12.45% to 13.67%, and elevated ratio of As from 0.11% to 0.32% accordingly. The main reactions of Fe and Mn dissolution and the pathways of As release under different Eh ranges were also proposed. 相似文献
44.
Jingbo GUO Fang MA Yuanyuan QU Ang LI Liang WANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(2):271-279
China now faces double challenges of water resources shortage and severe water pollution. To resolve Chinese water pollution problems and reduce its impacts on human health, economic growth and social development, the situation of wastewater treatment was investigated. Excess sludge and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted during wastewater treatment were also surveyed. It is concluded that Chinese water pollution problems should be systematically resolved with inclusion of wastewater and the solid waste and GHGs generated during wastewater treatment. Strategies proposed for the wastewater treatment in China herein were also adequate for other countries, especially for the developing countries with similar economic conditions to China. 相似文献
45.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in effluents from wastewater treatment plants and receiving streams in Tianjin, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Weixiao Qi Huijuan Liu Jiuhui Qu Chengzhi Hu Huachun Lan Michael Berg Huimin Ren Wei Xu 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,177(1-4):467-480
Surface water, suspended particulate matter, pore water, and sediment samples were collected and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Yongding New River, South Drainage Canal and North Drainage Canal, which receive most of wastewater from industrial city of Tianjin. PAH concentrations in effluent samples of wastewater treatment plants (WTP) discharging into the South Drainage Canal and North Drainage Canal were quantified for the first time. The results showed that the discharge of the WTPs recently only contributed to the PAH contamination in the canals near the outlets of the WTPs. PAH levels in sediments of the streams were greatly higher than those in soils by riverbank probably due to receiving large amounts of untreated wastewater. Unusually high benz[a] anthracene concentration strongly influenced the seasonal and spatial variation of total PAH concentrations in South Drainage Canal. Paired samples t test of ??Nap, Fl, Phe, Fluo and ??Nap, Phe, Fluo, Chry concentrations, which were dominant components in the air samples from non-heating and heating season, respectively, in the suspended particulate matters from the streams showed that PAH source from air deposition was more important for Yongding New River than that for South Drainage Canal and North Drainage Canal. Source apportionment based on PAH profiles indicated that coal combustion was the major PAH contamination source, and coke oven sources and wood combustion also contributed to the PAH contamination of the streams. This was further indicated by organic petrography analysis. 相似文献
46.
多溴联苯醚对鲫鱼离体肝脏组织中CAT和GSH-Px的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)为试验材料,研究了在离体条件下经不同质量浓度的2,2',4,4'-四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)和2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)暴露后,鲫鱼肝脏组织中过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的动态变化.结果表明,采用质量浓度为0.10~10.00 mg·L-1的BDE-47和5.6~100.00mg·L-1的BDE-209分别处理鲫鱼肝脏组织30 min,0.10 mg·L-1 BDE-47和5.6 mg·L-1BDE-209试验组鲫鱼肝脏组织中CAT和GSH-Px活性与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),其余各试验组的CAT和GSH-Px活性随BDE-47及BDE-209质量浓度的增加而逐渐下降,均与BDE-47及BDE-209的质量浓度呈明显的相关关系(P<0.01).这说明BDE-47和BDE-209对鲫鱼肝脏产生了氧化损伤,具有生化毒性影响. 相似文献
47.
Chunyan Wang Jiangshan Wang Yi Liu Lei Zhang Yong Sun Jiuhui Qu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):110
48.
农药水环境化学行为研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
农药在水中的环境化学行为包括农药的光化学降解、水化学降解和农药对水生生物的毒性。结合国内外在农药水环境化学行为的研究进展,讨论了农药在水中的直接光解和间接光解行为;农药水化学降解的机理以及pH、温度对农药水化学降解的影响,并以藻类、鱼类等为例阐述了农药对水生动植物及水生生物群落的毒性。 相似文献
49.
基于环境风险“全过程管理”与“优先管理”的理念,提出了环境风险全过程评估与管理的概念框架和理论体系,涵盖了风险源识别、受体易损性评估、环境风险表征、风险应急控制决策以及风险事故损失后评估等关键步骤.并以某化工园区企业为例,以硝基苯储罐塌陷为初始事件,采用蝴蝶结方法进行风险源识别,得到硝基苯储罐泄漏事件蝴蝶结,通过GIS空间分析方法揭示居民对地表水水源污染易损性的空间分异,分析结果不仅为事故安全防范与应急控制提供关键节点,而且有助于在日常风险管理中增强受体抗风险能力. 相似文献
50.
Yang Xue Xu Xiaochen Xiang Qingchun Qu Yingdong Ren Yinglei Qiu Keqiang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):48038-48052
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Metallic glasses (MGs) with unique disordered atomic stacking structures exhibit excellent catalytic performance in wastewater treatment. The... 相似文献