东江干流富营养化评价及区域差异性研究

利用综合营养状态指数评价东江富营养化状况.结果表明,东江富营养化程度较轻,干流绝大部分区域(96％)为中营养及中营养以下水平,只有少数区域(4％)达到富营养水平.同时,东江干流富营养化程度区域差异性明显,从上游至下游河口富营养化程度逐渐加重.针对东江水质污染现状,建议东江水体管理应以保护为主,同时采取有效措施,改善下游...     

腐熟污泥对废水中Cd(Ⅱ)与Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究

利用腐熟污泥作为一种重金属吸附剂,考察其对水中重金属锌和镉的吸附过程.实验数据的拟合采用了Pseudo-first Order-和Pseudo-second Order 2种动力学模型以及Langmuir和Freundlich 2种吸附等温线模型;拟合结果表明,腐熟污泥对锌与镉的吸附过程符合Pseudo-second ...     

气相色谱-质谱联用测定水和沉积物中挥发性多聚氟烷基化合物

建立了GC-MS测定7种挥发性多聚氟烷基化合物的方法.目标化合物包括：6∶2与8∶2的氟调醇（FTOH）、全氟辛烷磺酰胺、N甲基或乙基取代的全氟辛烷磺酰胺、以及N甲基或乙基取代的全氟辛烷磺酰胺基乙醇.这些化合物采用气相色谱分离,正化学电离源质谱检测.采用7∶2 sFTOH做内标校正进样体积和仪器响应差.在所采用的色谱柱...     

对羟基苯甲酸酯雌激素活性物种差异的理论研究

受体功能区结构的分化是导致部分环境污染物内分泌干扰效应种间选择性的主要原因之一.本研究采用同源模建的方法构建了青鳉的雌激素受体α亚型(medERα)配体结合区的三维结构,并与人的hERα结构进行比对.在此基础上,经过分子对接分析了对羟基苯甲酸酯类化合物及其含氯衍生物与两个物种ERα作用模式的差异及其分子基础,并基于此提...     

寒冷地区流域水污染防治问题

我国寒冷地区河流冰封期最长可达180天,其间水体自净功能差,加之城镇污水处理水平低于全国平均水平,工业点源污染负荷沉重,流域水污染问题显得格外突出,水环境压力巨大.因此,有针对性地解决寒冷地区流域水环境问题已经成为协调资源供求、经济发展与环境保护的核心问题.通过分析寒冷地区流域水污染特点及成因,提出了建立流域水污染防治...     

A model for cost-benefit analysis of construction and demolition waste management throughout the waste chain

Economic instrument is indubitably perceived as effective for encouraging or forcing contractors to conduct environmentally friendly construction practices. Previous studies in relation to this topic mainly put emphasis on economic analysis of construction and demolition (C&D) waste management from a static point of view, which failed to consider its dynamics nature by integrating all essential activities throughout the waste chain. This paper is thus intended to highlight the dynamics and interrelationships of C&D waste management practices and analyze the cost-benefit of this process using a system dynamics approach. Data related to concrete and aggregate of a construction project in Shenzhen was collected for the application of the proposed model. The findings reveal that net benefits from conducting C&D waste management will occur, but a higher landfill charge will lead to a higher net benefit, as well as an earlier realization of the net benefit. In addition, the general public under a higher landfill charge will suffer from a higher environmental cost caused by illegal dumping. The simulation results also suggest that current regulation in Shenzhen should be promoted to facilitate a dramatic increase in net benefit from the implementation of C&D waste management. This research is of value in facilitating better understanding on the dynamics of C&D waste management activities throughout the waste chain, as well as providing a tool for simulating the cost-benefit of C&D waste management practices over the project duration.     

测定地表水中溶解氧的微型化学实验研究

利用微型滴定法测定地表水中溶解氧的含量,并对微型实验和常量实验的平行测定结果进行了比较。微型滴定的测定结果准确可靠,微型实验具有现象明显、节省试剂、分析速度快等特点,能降低实验成本,提高学生的创新能力,完全符合绿色化学的理念,值得推广。     

专业大类招生环境下高职环境类专业人才培养模式的探索

在分析专业大类招生的特点及社会对环境类专业人才需求的基础上,提出了高职环境类专业进行专业大类招生的可行性,并以中国环境管理干部学院环境污染治理技术类专业为例,对专业大类招生环境条件下高职环境类专业"大平台教育、分方向培养、模块化管理"的培养模式进行了分析探讨。     

高职环境类《分析化学》改革的探讨与实践

分析化学是环境类高职高专院校开设的一门专业基础课程,主要教学目标在于培养学生在环境监测领域的职业技能。针对我院不同专业分析化学教学的现状及其存在的问题,结合分析化学的学科特点及社会发展趋势,从进行设计方案型教学,到整体优化教学内容、改革教学手段、开展证书制度等几方面入手,对分析化学理论与实践教学进行了改革尝试,从而达到真正落实素质教育,切实提高学生综合能力的目的。     

Metal contamination in sediments of the western Bohai Bay and adjacent estuaries, China

Twelve sediment cores were collected in July 2007 in open waters of western Bohai Bay, the Port of Tianjin, and the adjacent estuaries of the Haihe and Yongding Rivers. While overall concentrations of trace metals at incremental depths in these cores met the Marine Sediment Quality (GB18668-2002) criteria of China, the magnitude of both metal enrichment factors (EF) and geoaccumulation indices (I(geo)) suggested that pollution with Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn was occurring in the estuaries and Port. Risk analysis also suggested that Ag and Ni concentrations were sufficiently elevated as to cause adverse biological effects in the study area. Although metal concentrations in western Bohai Bay were of less concern, a positive relationship between EF values and excess (210)Pb activity for several metals suggested that their concentrations were increasing over time.