Tualang honey supplementation improves oxidative stress status among chronic smokers

Free radicals induced by cigarette smoking have been linked to an increase in oxidative stress resulting in smoking-related cardiovascular diseases. However, the possible effect of honey that has antioxidant property in improving oxidative stress status among smokers has not yet been reported. Hence, this study was to determine the effects of 12-week Tualang honey supplementation on F₂-isoprostanes, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and total antioxidant status among chronic smokers. A total of 32 non-smokers and 64 chronic smokers were recruited from Quit Smoking Clinic and Health Campus, Universiti Sains, Malaysia. Smokers were randomized into two groups (n = 32/group) namely smokers without supplementation and smokers with honey supplementation (20 g/day) for 12 weeks. Blood was obtained from non-smokers and smokers at pre-intervention and from smokers at post-intervention. During pre-intervention, the levels/activity of F₂-isoprostanes, total antioxidant status, and catalase were significantly higher while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were lower in smokers than non-smokers. During post-intervention, in supplemented smokers, there were significant decrease in F₂-isoprostanes and increase in total antioxidant status, glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels/activities compared with pre-intervention. This study indicates that honey supplementation improves oxidative stress status suggesting a beneficial role of honey in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.     

Aquatic ecological health assessment of Shaying River Basin based on indices of physico-chemistry and aquatic organisms北大核心CSCD

With a variety of ecosystem services, river ecosystem plays an important role in the process of human society development. On the other hand, health condition of most aquatic ecosystems is seriously threatened by human activities. Restoring and maintaining a healthy ecosystem has already become a vital goal of river management. As a basis of river management, river health assessment is therefore particularly important. Based on indices of physics, chemistry and aquatic organisms, this research tried to establish a comprehensive evaluation system of aquatic ecological health suitable for the situation of Shaying River Basin. The system included 6 factors including riparian zone, river morphology, nutrients, oxygen balance, periphyton and benthic macroinvertebrates, which were defined into 19 indices reflecting the aquatic ecological health from different aspects. The assessment results indicated that the health condition of overall basin was normal, varying among different parts of the region, with Shahe River, Lihe River and Beiru River in the upper part sub-healthy, and Jialu River in the same part sub-sick. The middle region was generally in normal or sub-sick level; the health condition of the lower part was comparatively better due to a good condition. Within the indices, the nutrients and benthic macroinvertebrates were the major constraining factors to the health condition of Shaying River Basin for their poor health condition. The health conditions showed significant differences among the rivers (P < 0.01), with Jialu River being the worst. The result indicated that the aquatic ecological health of Shaying River Basin is affected by many factors, with urban and industrial sewage being the main ones, And that different protective measures should be employed for rivers of different conditions. The result can provide theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of Shaying River Basin and reasonable exploitation and conservation of the water resource of the whole Huaihe River Basin.     

电子鼻检测污染土壤中挥发性氯代烃的适用性研究

开发了一套以光离子化传感器（PID）为核心的电子鼻系统,用于污染土壤中挥发性氯代烃的快速检测.用气相色谱（GC）分析评价了预处理管对苯系物等干扰物质的去除效果;用标准气体发生装置发生不同浓度的四氯乙烯和三氯乙烯气体,比较评价了电子鼻与GC检测结果的吻合程度及测试重现性.在此基础上,选取我国长三角地区三类典型水稻土进行模拟污染土壤的通风净化实验,评价了电子鼻系统用于实时监测挥发性氯代烯烃污染土壤修复进程的可行性.结果表明：①采用RAE-SEP卤代烃分离管进行预处理,甲苯、乙苯等苯系干扰物的去除率可达80%～97%,而四氯乙烯和三氯乙烯等挥发性氯代烃的选择性透过率高于90%;②电子鼻对不同浓度四氯乙烯和三氯乙烯气体的定量检测结果与GC结果相近,线性拟合斜率为1.012,相关系数R2〉0.99;③电子鼻对三类典型土壤通气脱附过程中污染物浓度的变化趋势的实时监测结果与GC检测结果基本一致,判定系数R2〉0.99（n=47）.因此,该电子鼻系统有望用于挥发性氯代烯烃污染土壤的快速检测,提高污染场地的风险评估和修复效率.     

吸附法脱除燃煤烟气汞

介绍了吸附法净化燃煤烟气汞的发展趋势,主要包括:活性炭吸附法、活性炭吸附再生法、改性活性炭吸附法、活性炭纤维吸附法以及我们所研究的载银活性炭纤维-低温等离子体原位再生技术等,希望能够为我国汞谈判、汞减排及汞资源的回收利用提供新的思路。     

Decomposition dynamic of higher plant pigments by HPLC analysis

IntroductionHigh performanceliquidchromatographic (HPLC )systemsweredevelopedforhigherplantpigmentsinthelate1970’sandearly 1980’s .Subsequently ,morecomplexHPLCsystemsweredevelopedforchlorophyllsandcarotenoidsfrommicroalgaeandnaturalphytoplanktonpopulations(Gieskes,1991;Hodgson ,1997;Bris,1998) .Bothreversedphaseandnormalphasesystemswereused .TheHPLCtechniquewasusedmorerecentlyforplantpigmentanalysis,andithasledtoasignificantincreaseinseparationandinthenumberofpigmentsthatcanbeidentifi…     

新丰江水库富营养化现状及其综合防治对策

新丰江水库水质可满足 Ｇ Ｂ３８３８ － ８８ Ⅱ类水质要求, 其营养水平为贫中营养状态; 磷为主要污染物; 氮磷负荷均略大于可接受的纳污负荷。本文还提出了有效控制新丰江水库富营养化进程的若干建议和措施。     

拟除虫菊酯农药在茶叶中应用的安全性评价

采用田间模拟施药与气相色谱法研究了7种拟除虫菊酯农药在茶园生态环境中的降解动态,茶叶加工过程中的降解和泡茶过程的浸出率及其主要影响因子。根据实验结果推算出通过饮茶进入人体的农药量,结合农药的毒理特性,对拟除虫菊酯农药在茶园生态环境中应用的安全性进行了综合评价。结果表明,拟除虫菊酯农药在茶园中应用的安全性显著高于有机磷农药,在拟除虫菊酯农药之间,其安全性也有较大差异。本研究不仅为茶园使用农药的选择提供了依据,而且首次提出了一种农药对人体安全性的定量评价体系。     

含铜多金属复杂矿区的一株浸矿细菌的分离与鉴定

为寻找新的浸矿细菌,从江西城门山矿区硫化矿矿坑水中使用平板分离法得到了一株能够浸矿的细菌,命名为CMS.经电镜和生理生化试验,鉴定该菌株为革兰氏阴性细菌,短杆状,菌体大小为(0.4±0.1)靘祝±0.5)靘, 最适生长温度为25～30 ℃,最适pH值为2.0,化能自养型,能利用亚铁、单质硫和葡萄糖生长,不能利用硫代硫酸钠、蛋白胨生长.16S rRNA系统发育树的结果表明,CMS菌株与嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,简称A.f)AFY菌株位于系统发育树一个同的分支中,相似度99.72%.克隆其代谢系统关键基因亚铁氧化酶(Iro protein)基因并测定其序列,与其他相关菌株比对,结果显示编码区的核酸序列与报道序列完全一致.另外,其铁闪锌矿(ZnFe)S摇瓶浸出试验显示,在浸出28 d后,含菌株的摇瓶的锌离子质量浓度即达到615.50 mg·L-1,而无菌浸出仅有392.25 mg·L-1.     

鼓风曝气充氧性能与曝气器水深关系

应用相似原理,建立曝气器清水充氧性能与曝气器浸没深度变化的数学模式,为曝气器充氧性能科学预测和曝气工艺设计提供可靠的参数。     

镉污染农田农业生态整治与安全高效利用模式

传统的镉污染治理策略多以改造和净化环境、恢复土壤质量为宗旨。作者从有效利用污染农田的角度,提出了农业生态整治策略,即将污染农田作为一种特殊资源,通过发掘利用生物（植物）自身的耐（抗）镉基因,使污染土地在农业领域重新获得安全而高效的利用。介绍了对某铀矿区近40hm²镉污染农田进行治理利用的成功实践。通过采用桑蚕生产模式替代粮作生产模式,杜绝了污灌污染,消除了食物链中镉的危害,使土壤生产力得到恢复,农田年均产值比水稻模式提高2880元/hm²,比种玉米提高8880元/hm²,利税增加1980元/hm²,耕层土壤镉含量年平均下降1.33mg/kg。还论述了镉在桑树中的分布特征及其对桑树生长和蚕茧质量的影响。