A review on efficient electromagnetic interference shielding materials by recycling waste—a trio of land to lab to land concept

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The materials used in electrical and electronic applications have great importance and broader applications, but they have severe electromagnetic...     

Biomechanics of Pediatric Cervical Spine: Compression,Flexion and Extension Responses

The objective of the present study was to develop three separate age-specific one, three, and six year old pediatric human cervical spine (C4-CS-C6) three-dimensional nonlinear finite element models and to quantify the biomechanical responses. The adult model was modified to create one, three, and six year old pediatric spines by incorporating the local geometrical and material characteristics of the developmental anatomy. The adult human cervical spine model was constructed from close-up computed tomography sections and sequential anatomic cryomicrotome sections, and validated with experimental data. The biomechanical responses were compared with the adult human cervical spine behavior under different loading modes using three approaches. Approach 1: using pure overall structural scaling (reduce size) of the adult model. Approach 2: using three separate age-specific pediatric models incorporating local component geometrical and material property changes. Approach 3: applying the overall structural scaling to the above three pediatric models. All pediatric structures were consistently more flexible than the adult spine under all loading modes. However, responses obtained using the pure overall structural scaling (Approach 1) increased the flexibilities slightly. In contrast, the inclusion of local component geometrical and material property changes to create the three individual pediatric cervical spine models (Approach 2) produced significantly higher changes in the flexibilities under all loading modes. When overall structural scaling effects were added to the three pediatric models (Approach 3), the increase was not considerably higher. White the one year old pediatric model was the most flexible followed by the three and six year old models in flexion and extension, the three year old pediatric model was the most flexible under compression followed by the six and one year old models. The differing biomechanical responses among different pediatric groups were ascribed to the individual developmental anatomical features. The present findings of significant increase in biomechanical response due to local geometry and material property changes emphasize the need to consider the developmental anatomical features in the pediatric structures to better predict their biomechanical behavior.     

Nexus between environment regulation,FDI, and green technology innovation in OECD countries

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To achieve the goal of “sustainable development,” a crucial way is promoting green technology innovation. This paper examines the nexus...     

Sodium nitrate as a methanogenesis suppressor in earthen separator microbial fuel cell treating rice mill wastewater

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of the sustainable technologies, which alongside treating wastewater, can generate electricity. However, its...     

Recent Developments in Bacterial Nanocellulose Production and its Biomedical Applications

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on earth, can be obtained from various sources including the cell wall of plants and woods, bacteria, algae,...     

Investigation on mercury flow and emission in integrated primary iron production process

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The Minamata convention addresses the issue related to mercury poisoning and aim to reduce mercury pollution, as mercury is one of the major...     

Recycling of waste tire by pyrolysis to recover carbon black: an alternative reinforcing filler

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Thermal pyrolysis of waste tires is an industrially beneficial method for material and energy recovery. Pyrolytic carbon black (CBp) is considered...