TTC－脱氢酶活性检测方法的研究

以好氧消化污泥为材料，对影响脱氢酶活性测定的样品前处理、生化培养、酶反应终止剂、三苯基甲Ｚａ（ＴＦ）苯取剂以及萃取条件等问题进行了系统地研究，进而提出了检测脱氢酶活性的常温萃取测定法。这种方法已在剩余污泥好氧消化处理、生物转盘处理生物制品废水以及陶粒柱反应器低温生物预处理饮用水等研究中应用，效果良好。     

明渠潮流中垂向紊动射流流场的数值模拟

选用ｋ－ε双方程紊流模型，对自由水面做“动”刚盖假设，建立了明渠潮流中垂向射流流场的数学模型，根据潮汐流动返复回荡的特点，对离散方程组的求解采用“跟踪扫描”逐行求解法，保护和加快了解的收敛，计算了５种不同回荡周期情况下射流流场的变化过程，预报回流区高度与实测值吻合。分析了潮汐非恒定性的影响，获得了一些有益的结论。     

Prenatal sonographic assessment of early,rapidly growing fetal cervical teratoma

Although malignant transformation of fetal cervical teratoma is extremely rare, perinatal morbidity is high and usually related to the size of the tumour, which may compromise fetal swallowing and subsequently lead to upper airway obstruction. We present a case in which mid-trimester serial sonography demonstrated markedly rapid early growth of a lesion of this type between 17 and 19 weeks' gestation indicating the aggressive nature of this tumour, assisting parental decision to terminate the pregnancy. Histopathology confirmed grade 3 immaturity of the lesion.     

Fe3+催化氧化S(Ⅳ)反应机理初探

通过分析酸性条件下(pH为1～3),Fe3 催化氧化S(Ⅳ)过程中溶液吸光度变化的趋势,对Fe3 催化氧化S(Ⅳ)的反应机理进行了初步推导.实验证明,液相中该反应机理主要是催化氧化与自由基反应相结合,O2的存在对于反应有重要作用,O-2的生成是S(Ⅳ)被氧化的关键;当水中溶解氧接近耗尽时,反应进程发生改变.当Fe3 、S(Ⅳ)浓度增加,自由基生成量增加时,有利于反应进行;作为反应产物,Fe2 、S(Ⅵ)浓度增加,反应推动力减小,反应速率降低;同时Fe2 、SO24-可以与溶液中的其它物质形成配合物,影响了Fe3 -S(Ⅳ)配合物的生成与分解,不利于S(Ⅵ)的氧化.     

近期和长远时段内北极生态系统结构受到的影响

生物在物种水平上对全球气候变暖和紫外线B(UV-B)辐射增强的反应受到其群落内其他物种以及生态系统内养分循环的调节,所有的这些反应将会导致生态系统结构的变化.根据高纬度地区坏境因子的可能变化而做的控制试验表明,由夏季变暖而引起苔原植被的变化要小于增加施肥而引起的变化,试验涉及的某些环境因子对北极生态系统的结构有非常强烈地影响,但是这些影响因地区而异,观测结果表明,处于最寒冷地区的植物群落和无脊椎动物群落对全球气候变暖和紫外线B辐射的增强反应最为强烈.尽管微生物量和养分储存量相对稳定,北极无脊椎动物群落还是很可能会对全球变暖产生迅速的反应.试验结果显示,加强紫外线B辐射会改变革兰氏阴性细菌和真菌的群落组成结构,但不会对植物群落的组成产生影响.由夏季气温升高而提高的植物生产力将会控制食物网的动态变化,以苔原植被和亚极地森林植物为基础的食物网中的营养流动会明显地影响到几种优势动物种群数量的周期性波动,在某些年分这些动物的种群数量会达到峰值.小型啮齿动物和食叶昆虫如秋毛虫种群数量的周期性变化则会影响苔原和森林苔原植物的组成结构和多样性,同时也会影响到一些专性捕食者和寄生虫的变化.在暖冬,雪表形成冰壳可能会减少旅鼠的植物食物来源,然而较深的雪也可以使它们免受雪地表面上捕食者对它们的捕食.在芬诺斯堪的亚地区,已有证据表明小型啮齿类动物群落结构和种群动态的显著变化会导致专门以小型啮齿类动物为食物的捕食者的数量减少.气候还可能改变昆虫在白桦森林生态系统中的作用,因为暖冬可以增加这些昆虫卵的成活率,并且扩大其分布范围.此外,在夏季困扰驯鹿的昆虫会由于夏季气候的变暖而扩大其分布范围、增加种群数量并且种群更为活跃;同时在另一方面也会对驯鹿不利,即那些昔日驯鹿/北美驯鹿的避难场所--冰川和未融的成片的雪--在这样温暖的夏季则可能会消失.     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

Application of compost in agricultural practice could potentially cause contamination of foodstuffs with pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157:H7. This study investigated pathogenic bacteria in compost collected from the compost facilities, an

IntroductionIncreasing public interests have been concerned onsafety foods and the environmental aspects recently,especially on the so-called organic foods , which are madefromcrops grown with organic fertilizers or compost but notchemical fertilizers .Pu…     

垃圾填埋场内部CH4浓度随时间的变化特征及其模拟

通过对佛山市五峰垃圾填埋场内部部分时段CH4浓度的监测 ,分析了在填埋场内部垃圾发酵过程中CH4浓度随时间的动态变化特征 ,提出了利用某些统计曲线分别模拟或综合模拟CH4浓度随时间的变化过程的方法 .应用表明 ,本方法可以较准确地预测垃圾发酵主要时段内的CH4浓度随时间的变化 ,仅在垃圾发酵的尾声阶段 ,模拟浓度与实测浓度有少许出入 .