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11.
Silva Marcelo Souza De Souza Daniel Vitor Alpire Maria Esther Suarez Malinverni Andrea Cristina De Moraes Da Silva Regina Claudia Barbosa Viana Milena De Barros Oshima Celina Tizuko Fujiyama Ribeiro Daniel Araki 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43274-43286
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Dimethoate ([O,O-dimethyl S-(N-methylcarbamoylmethyl) phosphorodithioate]) is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide widely used for... 相似文献
12.
V.M. Sadagoparamanujam Damalia T. Wilson Crystal L. Ramanujam Regina P. Lederman James J. Grady Nancy W. Alcock 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(10):2098-2110
The study examined the stage of clean-up of the Port Lavaca bay sites in Texas, which were polluted during the early 1990's by effluent containing mercury (Hg) from a chloralkali plant. In addition to Hg intoxication through environmental contaminations, human exposure through dietary fish and other seafoods occurred. Bacteria converts inorganic Hg to alkyl organic compounds and subsequently the metal crosses the blood brain barrier thus exerting adverse effects on the fetal developing nervous system. In order to conduct a survey of dietary Hg exposure, blood was collected from pregnant women and those of childbearing age at routine clinic visits at each of three centers in South Texas cities (Galveston, Texas City, Port Lavaca/Victoria, TX). A questionnaire sought dietary and lifestyle information including consumption, sources of fish and other seafoods. A significant number of subjects (119 out of 175, 68%) ate fish caught locally. The blood Hg concentrations (µg?L?1) range varied with the location of the study centers: City of Galveston 2.6–62; Texas City 2.8–111.8; and the Port Lavaca areas 3.02–126.7. The concentrations of blood Hg was directly proportional to the number of fish meals consumed for each species considered. Mean blood Hg concentrations for no fish meals per week were: Port Lavaca 4.5 (N?=?3), Galveston 4.3 (N?=?3), Texas City 3.5 (N?=?10). For >3 fish meals per week, the mean blood Hg concentrations were: Port Lavaca, 48.0 (N?=?53), Galveston 29.1 (N?=?35), Texas City, 36.1 (N?=?31). Data show that residues of Hg were still present in 1994 despite the clean-up efforts. 相似文献
13.
Andrea Hartwig Ursula Kasten Kwabena Boakye‐Dankwa Regina Schlepegrell Detmar Beyersmann 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(4):205-215
Literature data concerning the genotoxicity of cobalt salts have been conflicting. To establish appropriate incubation conditions, we conducted a series of uptake studies, before genotoxicity was determined by DNA strand break induction in HeLa cells and mutagenicity in V79 Chinese hamster cells. Co(II) is taken up by HeLa cells in a concentration‐dependent manner and is accumulated inside the cell. The uptake is preceded by a fast association step to the outer membrane, with no saturation up to 24 h. DNA strand breaks as determined by nucleoid sedimentation are induced at concentrations as low as 50μMCoCl2. The induction is time‐dependent, showing the highest number of breaks after 4h incubation with no further increase up to 24h. CoCl2 is mutagenic at the HPRT‐locus, enhancing the spontaneous mutation frequency 4.2‐fold at 100μ?. Besides direct interactions with DNA, the mutagenicity of CoCl2 could also be due to a decrease in the Fidelity of DNA polymerisation. 相似文献
14.
Vogel JR Stoeckel DM Lamendella R Zelt RB Santo Domingo JW Walker SR Oerther DB 《Journal of environmental quality》2007,36(3):718-729
Given known limitations of current microbial source-tracking (MST) tools, emphasis on small, simple study areas may enhance interpretations of fecal contamination sources in streams. In this study, three MST tools-Escherichia coli repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR), coliphage typing, and Bacteroidales 16S rDNA host-associated markers-were evaluated in a selected reach of Plum Creek in south-central Nebraska. Water-quality samples were collected from six sites. One reach was selected for MST evaluation based on observed patterns of E. coli contamination. Despite high E. coli concentrations, coliphages were detected only once among water samples, precluding their use as a MST tool in this setting. Rep-PCR classification of E. coli isolates from both water and sediment samples supported the hypothesis that cattle and wildlife were dominant sources of fecal contamination, with minor contributions by horses and humans. Conversely, neither ruminant nor human sources were detected by Bacteroidales markers in most water samples. In bed sediment, ruminant- and human-associated Bacteroidales markers were detected throughout the interval from 0 to 0.3 m, with detections independent of E. coli concentrations in the sediment. Although results by E. coli-based and Bacteroidales-based MST methods led to similar interpretations, detection of Bacteroidales markers in sediment more commonly than in water indicates that different tools to track fecal contamination (in this case, tools based on Bacteroidales DNA and E. coli isolates) may have varying relevance to the more specific goal of tracking the sources of E. coli in watersheds. This is the first report of simultaneous, toolbox approach application of a library-based and marker-based MST analyses to flowing surface water. 相似文献
15.
Maria Okumura Vera Aparecida dos Santos Mário E. Camargo Regina Schultz Marcelo Zugaib 《黑龙江环境通报》2004,24(3):179-181
The prenatal diagnosis of congenital transmission of Chagas' disease in a pregnant woman with the indeterminate form of the disease is reported. Sonography revealed fetal hydrops at 31 weeks' gestation. Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi IgM and IgG antibodies were negative in the fetal blood sampled by cordocentesis, but T. cruzi trypomastigotes were found in its buffy coat. Owing to anemia, in utero exchange transfusion was undertaken, but fetal demise ensued. Labor was induced and a stillborn infant weighing 2030 g was delivered. The pathological examination revealed placentitis and meningoencephalitis, myocarditis and splenitis in the stillborn fetus. Amastigotes were found in the myocardium, brain and placenta. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
Regina?H.?F.?MacedoEmail author Mariana?O.?Cariello Jeff?Graves Hubert?Schwabl 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2004,55(3):213-222
Guira cuckoos, Guira guira, exhibit a rare polygynandrous reproductive system with groups containing several male and female breeders, allowing for important tests of reproductive skew models. Female reproductive strategies involve leaving the group, varying clutch size, egg ejection and infanticide, among others. Here we examined the predictions of reproductive skew models relative to reproductive partitioning among females in groups. We used yolk protein electrophoresis to identify individual females eggs in joint nests. We found that reproductive partitioning favors early-laying females, which lay and incubate more eggs than females that begin laying later. Because the female that lays first tends to switch between repeated nesting bouts, and females do not always contribute eggs to each bout, female reproductive success tends to equalize within groups over time. The pattern of reproductive partitioning differs from that described for anis, another crotophagine joint-nester. We calculated reproductive skew indices for groups in 2 years, for both laying and incubation, as well as an overall population value. These were compared to random skew generated by simulations. Varying degrees of skew were found for different groups, and also across sequential nesting bouts of the same groups. Overall, however, skew did not deviate from random within the population. Nests that reached incubation tended to have lower skew values during the laying phase than nests terminated due to ejection of all eggs followed by desertion. Groups had higher reproductive skew indices in their first nesting bout of the season, and these nests frequently failed. These results illustrate the importance of social organization in determining not only individual, but group success in reproduction, and highlight the flexibility of vertebrate social behavior.Communicated by J. Dickinson 相似文献
17.
Moura FC Araujo MH Costa RC Fabris JD Ardisson JD Macedo WA Lago RM 《Chemosphere》2005,60(8):1118-1123
In this work a novel heterogeneous Fenton system based on Fe(0)/Fe3O4 composites is described. The composites with several Fe(0)/Fe3O4 ratios were prepared by two different methods, i.e. mechanical alloying of Fe(0) and Fe3O4 powders and controlled reduction of Fe3O4 with H2. Reaction studies and detailed Conversion Electron M?ssbauer surface characterization of the composites Fe(0)/Fe3O4, Fe(0), Fe3O4, alpha-Fe2O3 and gamma-Fe2O3 suggested that Fe2+surf species are essential to produce an active Fenton system. Kinetic studies for the oxidation of the dye methylene blue, used as an organic model molecule, and for the peroxide decomposition suggest that the reactions proceed via HO* radicals generated from Fe2+surf species and H2O2 in a Fenton like mechanism. The increase in activity caused by the addition of Fe(0) is discussed in terms of a creation of Fe2+surf species during the preparation of the composite and by an electron transfer mechanism from Fe(0) to Fe3+surf during the Fenton reaction to regenerate the Fe2+surf active species. 相似文献
18.
Magnago Rachel Faverzani de Alcântara Braglia Thiago de Aguiar Ana Carolina Baungarten Polyana Mendonça Bruno Afonso Büchele Silva Heloisa Regina Turatti Egert Paola Girotto Edivandro Júnior Américo Cruz Parma Gabriel Oscar Cremona 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(3):1126-1140
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This article aims to study the mechanical strength and fire resistance of polyurethane/cement (PuCem) composites containing glass sludge and sludge... 相似文献
19.
Rita JC Gama-Rodrigues EF Gama-Rodrigues AC Polidoro JC Machado RC Baligar VC 《Environmental management》2011,48(1):134-141
Agroforestry systems (AFSs) have an important role in capturing above and below ground soil carbon and play a dominant role
in mitigation of atmospheric CO2. Attempts has been made here to identify soil organic matter fractions in the cacao-AFSs that have different susceptibility
to microbial decomposition and further represent the basis of understanding soil C dynamics. The objective of this study was
to characterize the organic matter density fractions and soil size fractions in soils of two types of cacao agroforestry systems
and to compare with an adjacent natural forest in Bahia, Brazil. The land-use systems studied were: (1) a 30-year-old stand
of natural forest with cacao (cacao cabruca), (2) a 30-year-old stand of cacao with Erythrina glauca as shade trees (cacao + erythrina), and (3) an adjacent natural forest without cacao. Soil samples were collected from 0-10 cm
depth layer in reddish-yellow Oxisols. Soil samples was separated by wet sieving into five fraction-size classes (>2000 μm,
1000–2000 μm, 250–1000 μm, 53–250 μm, and <53 μm). C and N accumulated in to the light (free- and intra-aggregate density
fractions) and heavy fractions of whole soil and soil size fraction were determined. Soil size fraction obtained in cacao
AFS soils consisted mainly (65 %) of mega-aggregates (>2000 μm) mixed with macroaggregates (32–34%), and microaggregates (1–1.3%).
Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N content increased with increasing soil size fraction in all land-use systems. Organic
C-to-total N ratio was higher in the macroaggregate than in the microaggregate. In general, in natural forest and cacao cabruca
the contribution of C and N in the light and heavy fractions was similar. However, in cacao + erythrina the heavy fraction
was the most common and contributed 67% of C and 63% of N. Finding of this study shows that the majority of C and N in all
three systems studied are found in macroaggregates, particularly in the 250–1000 μm size aggregate class. The heavy fraction
was the most common organic matter fraction in these soils. Thus, in mature cacao AFS on highly weathered soils the main mechanisms
of C stabilization could be the physical protection within macroaggregate structures thereby minimizing the impact of conversion
of forest to cacao AFS. 相似文献
20.
da Rosa Cinara Ewerling Stefanello Michel Facco Douglas Stefanello Roberti Dbora Regina Rossi Fbio Diniz Nascimento Ernani de Lima Degrazia Gervsio Annes 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2022,22(4):819-837
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - The sudden increase in air temperature associated with strong gusty winds of northerly direction is a phenomenon occasionally observed during the cold season in the... 相似文献