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351.
Fernández Francisco J. Muñoz Manuel Ponce Oliva Roberto D. Vásquez-Lavín Felipe Gelcich Stefan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43173-43189
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Anthropogenic land use change (ALUC) satisfies human needs but also impacts aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems are intrinsically linked with... 相似文献
352.
Bergamaschi Roberto Monti Maria Cristina Trivelli Leonardo Mallucci Giulia Gerosa Leonardo Pisoni Enrico Montomoli Cristina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2804-2809
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Some environmental factors are associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). Air pollution could be a main one. This study was... 相似文献
353.
Daniela Ruberti Marco Vigliotti Anna Di Mauro Roberto Chieffi Michele Di Natale 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2018,22(5):897-917
This paper focused on the past shoreline change rates along the coastal plain of the Volturno River, in southern Italy, western Mediterranean. A wide database comprising historical maps, aerial photographs, topographic sheets, bathymetric data was used to extract the spatial and temporal information of the coastlines at seven time points. Coastline displacement was calculated for two successive time points and relative surface variation (accretion and erosion) was estimated as well as minimum and maximum accretion/erosion linear values and rates. The surface variation analysis has revealed that the studied coast can be considered homogeneous since the 1970s, whereas it exhibits a variety of shoreline evolutionary trends after that time period. Timing and causes of trends and rates of variation were detected. Based on the estimated shoreline change rates, an appropriate morhodynamic one-line model was applied to predict evolutionary scenarios also in presence of port and defence works. The results obtained strongly emphasize that a successful coastal management requires a constant monitoring of the human-induced changes to account for the variability of rates over time. 相似文献
354.
Honscha Laiz Coutelle Campos Audrey Senandes Tavella Ronan Adler Ramires Paula Florencio Volcão Lisiane Martins Halicki Priscila Cristina Bartolomeu Pech Tatiani Maria Bernardi Eduardo Ramos Daniela Fernandes Niemeyer Júlia Carina Baisch Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch Ana Luíza Muccillo da Silva Júnior Flávio Manoel Rodrigues 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(21):26664-26676
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aimed to use bioassays (single and multispecies) with organisms from different trophic levels to assess soil quality in reclaimed coal... 相似文献
355.
Garcés-Ordóñez Ostin Espinosa Luisa F. Costa Muniz Marcelo Salles Pereira Larissa Borba Meigikos dos Anjos Roberto 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43431-43442
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microplastic pollution has become a global concern due to its distribution, high abundance, and negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. These... 相似文献
356.
Mickaël Catinon Sophie Ayrault Roberto Clocchiatti Omar Boudouma Juliette Asta Michel Tissut Patrick Ravanel 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(5):1124-1130
The superficial deposit on the bark surface of several trees (mainly Fraxinus excelsior L.) was sampled in the experimental station of the university campus in Grenoble (France). Its composition was studied by scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray emission (SEM–EDX) and, after digestion, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The deposit was composed of 81.3% ± 7.4 organic matter, 9.4% ± 4.9 of geogenic minerals issued from the atmosphere (atmospheric geogenic fraction: AGF) and 9.3% ± 2.7 of a mixture of elements which was called anthropogenic atmospheric elements fraction (AAEF). The SEM–EDX analysis showed the presence of particles of geogenic compounds such as different types of silicates, phosphates, carbonates, sulphates, oxides and also particles of metals such as iron or of alloys of Fe–Zn, Fe–Ni, Ni–Cr and Ca sulphates or phosphates. Typical spheres of “fly ashes” composed of pure iron or Al-silicates were detected. Using the SEM–EDX analysis of the deposit and the average local soil composition, an empiric formula for the AGF (without polluting elements) was chosen, which presented a clear analogy with the global formula of the upper continental crust. In the same way, a formula for the pure organic matter fraction was chosen. Withdrawing the elements corresponding to these two fractions allows a tentative estimation of the content of the AAEF which was supposed to better represent the elemental anthropogenic contamination issued from the atmosphere. In the station, most of Sb, Cd, Sn, Pb, Cu, V and Zn were found in the AAEF. This AAEF composition was compared to that of the deposit in a highway tunnel where Pb and Cu were at a very high level. The meaning and the limits of the AAEF concept were critically discussed. 相似文献
357.
Meroni M Panigada C Rossini M Picchi V Cogliati S Colombo R 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(5):1413-1420
In this paper, a literature review about optical remote sensing (RS) of O3 stress is presented. Studies on O3-induced effects on vegetation reflectance have been conducted since late ‘70s based on the analysis of optical RS data. Literature review reveals that traditional RS techniques were able to detect changes in leaf and canopy reflectance related to O3-induced stress when visible symptoms already occurred. Only recently, advanced RS techniques using hyperspectral sensors, demonstrated the feasibility of detecting the stress in its early phase by monitoring excess energy dissipation pathways such as chlorophyll fluorescence and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Steady-state fluorescence (Fs), measured by exploiting the Fraunhofer line depth principle and NPQ related xanthophyll-cycle, estimated through the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) responded to O3 fumigation before visible symptoms occurred. This opens up new possibilities for the early detection of vegetation O3 stress by means of hyperspectral RS. 相似文献
358.
Maggio A Chiarandà FQ Cefariello R Fagnano M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(5):1445-1452
Stomatal closure and biosynthesis of antioxidant molecules are two fundamental components of the physiological machinery that lead to stress adaptation during plant's exposure to salinity. Since high stomatal resistance may also contribute in counteracting O3 damages, we hypothesized that soil salinization may increase O3 tolerance of crops. An experiment was performed with alfalfa grown in filtered (AOT40 = 0 in both years) and non-filtered (AOT40 = 9.7 in 2005 and 6.9 ppm h in 2006) open-top chambers. Alfalfa yield was reduced by O3 (−33%) only in plants irrigated with salt-free water, while the increasing levels of soil salinity until 1.06 dS m−1 reduced both stomatal conductance and plant O3 uptake, thus linearly reducing O3 effects on yield. Therefore a reliable flux-based model for assessing the effects of O3 on crop yield should take into account soil salinity. 相似文献
359.
Jos Luiz de Magalhes Rios Jos Laerte Boechat Adriana Gioda Celeste Yara dos Santos Francisco Radler de Aquino Neto Jos Roberto Lapa e Silva 《Environment international》2009,35(8):1136-1141
ObjectivesAn increasing number of complaints related to time spent in artificially ventilated buildings have been progressively reported and attributed, at least in part, to physical and chemical exposures in the office environment. The objective of this research was to investigate the association between the prevalence of work-related symptoms and the indoor air quality, comparing a sealed office building with a naturally ventilated one, considering, specially, the indoor concentration of TPM, TVOCs and the main individual VOCs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed to compare the prevalence of sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms among 1736 office workers of a sealed office building and 950 of a non-sealed one, both in Rio de Janeiro's downtown. The prevalence of symptoms was obtained by a SBS standardized questionnaire. The IAQ of the buildings was evaluated through specific methods, to determine the temperature, humidity, particulate matter and volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations.ResultsUpper airways and ophthalmic symptoms, tiredness and headache were highly prevalent in both buildings. Some symptoms were more prevalent in the sealed building: “eye dryness” 33.3% and 27.1% (p: 0.01); “runny nose” 37.3% and 31.3% (p: 0.03); “dry throat” 42% and 36% (p: 0.02); and “lethargy” 58.5% and 50.5% (p: 0.03) respectively. However, relative humidity and indoor total particulate matter (TPM) concentration as well as total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were paradoxically greater in the non-sealed building, in which aromatic compounds had higher concentration, especially benzene. The analysis between measured exposure levels and resulting symptoms showed no association among its prevalence and TPM, TVOCs, benzene or toluene concentration in none of the buildings.ConclusionsOther disregarded factors, like undetected VOCs, mites, molds and endotoxin concentrations, may be associated to the greater prevalence of symptoms in the sealed building. 相似文献
360.
Marco Ischia Roberto Dal MaschioMaurizio Grigiante Marco Baratieri 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2011,31(1):71-77
Wastewater sewage sludge was co-pyrolyzed with a well characterized clay sample, in order to evaluate possible advantages in the thermal disposal process of solid waste. Characterization of the co-pyrolysis process was carried out both by thermogravimetric-mass spectrometric (TG-MS) analysis, and by reactor tests, using a lab-scale batch reactor equipped with a gas chromatograph for analysis of the evolved gas phase (Py-GC).Due to the presence of clay, two main effects were observed in the instrumental characterization of the process. Firstly, the clay surface catalyzed the pyrolysis reaction of the sludge, and secondly, the release of water from the clay, at temperatures of approx. 450-500 °C, enhanced gasification of part of carbon residue of the organic component of sludge following pyrolysis.Moreover, the solid residue remaining after pyrolysis process, composed of the inorganic component of sludge blended with clay, is characterized by good features for possible disposal by vitrification, yielding a vitreous matrix that immobilizes the hazardous heavy metals present in the sludge. 相似文献