Cultivation and characters of aerobic granules for pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation under microaerobic condition

Cultivation of aerobic granular sludge for pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation under microaerobic condition (DO concentration was controlled at 0.2-0.7 mg/L) was studied in this paper. Anaerobic granules were selected as inoculum. The changes of appearance were observed and the variations of SVI, VSS/TSS, PN/PS and the size of sludge were measured during cultivating. The capabilities for degradation of PCP, AOX and CODcr were also studied. Observations on mature granules were carried out by scanning electron microscope, and the results indicated bacillus was dominant on the surface of granules while in the inner of granules both bacillus and coccus were the dominant microorganisms. K, Na, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu and Zn were detected in the granules by element analysis.     

丙溴磷影响海洋微藻生长机理的初步研究

研究了丙溴磷对三角褐指藻和青岛大扁藻生长的影响及其可能的机理。结果显示，低浓度的丙溴磷可以刺激它们的生长，高浓度的丙溴磷则对其生长产生抑制作用；低浓度丙溴磷还使藻细胞的脂质过氧化程度在低水平增高，ＳＯＤ活性有所降低；高浓度时则使其指质过氧化程度过量升高，ＳＯＤ活性显著下降，加入抗氧化剂不仅可抑制低浓度丙溴磷对微藻生长的刺激效应，而且能缓解高浓度丙溴磷对微藻的毒害作用，因此，丙溴磷作用于微灌的抗氧化     

A novel multistage anoxic/aerobic process with sludge regeneration zone (R-MAO) for advanced nitrogen removal from domestic sewage

To achieve advanced nitrogen removal from actual municipal sewage, a novel multistage anoxic/aerobic process with sludge regeneration zone (R-MAO) was developed. The reactor was used to treat actual domestic sewage and the nitrogen removal capacity of the sludge regeneration zone (R zone) was investigated during the long-term operation. The best performance was obtained at the R zone's Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) of -50±30 mV and hydraulic residence times (HRT) of 1.2 hr. The average effluent COD, TN, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N of the R-MAO process were 18.0±2.3, 7.5±0.6, 1.0±0.5 and 4.6±0.4 mg/L, respectively, with the corresponding removal efficiency of COD, TN and NH₄⁺-N were 92.9%±1.0%, 84.1%±1.5% and 97.5%±1.1%. Compared to the sole MAO system, the TN removal efficiency of the R-MAO increased by 10.1%. Besides, under the optimal conditions, the contribution of the R zone in the R-MAO that removal COD, TN, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N were 0.36, 0.15, 0.032 and 0.82 g/day. High-throughput sequencing results showed that uncultured_bacterium_f_Burkholderiaceae (5.20%), OLB8 (1.04%) and Ottowia (1.03%) played an important role in denitrification in the R zone. This study provided effective guidance for the design and operation of the R-MAO process in domestic sewage treatment.     

废水中阴离子表面活性剂测定的一种新方法

报道了测定废水中阴离子表面活性剂的一种新方法,即利用微相吸附-光谱修正(MSASC)原理研究十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与碱紫(DLV)的结合反应,定量分析废水样品中的阴离子表面活性剂(AS)。试验结果表明DLV与SDBS之间的作用符合Lang-muir单分子层吸附。利用该方法分别对受污染河水、生活污水、合成废水样品进行阴离子表面活性剂的测定,加标回收率达到97.5%,相对标准偏差<5.2%,且多种阴离子、阳离子、氨基酸和葡萄糖不影响该方法的测定结果。     

岩性对垃圾渗滤液污染晕中污染物衰减的影响

用细砂、砂土和粉砂土为材料,通过土柱模拟实验,分别从空间和时间研究不同岩性的土壤对垃圾渗滤液污染晕中污染物衰减的影响。实验初期,砂土和粉砂土对TOC的去除率分别达到96.56%和99.87%,而细砂仅达到62.78%,但3种土壤对NH+4-N的去除率均高达98%以上。实验末期,细砂、砂土和粉砂土对TOC的去除率已分别降至57.79%、65.59%和67.29%;但砂土和粉砂土对NH+4-N去除率仍高达87.38%和90.13%,而细砂自第18天时已被穿透。因此,3种土壤对污染物的衰减能力为粉砂土>砂土>细砂。     

徐州市城市垃圾综合处理系统研究

针对徐州市城市垃圾污染及其处理情况，运用线性回归法对垃圾产生量进行了定量预测，用层次分析法优选了适合于该市的城市垃圾综合处理系统，从而因地制宜地提出了适合于该城市垃圾处理的方案。     

高速公路互通立交交通噪声预测研究——以昆明绕城高速公路为例

道路交通噪声污染在我国城市地区已很严重。高速公路互通立交运营期的交通噪声比较突出。对几个交通噪声的预测模型进行比较和选择，并以昆明绕城高速公路为例，预测和分析了其互通立交的交通噪声，为噪声污染防治提供了依据。     

机动车排气遥测技术的应用和发展

介绍机动车排气污染物遥测技术的发展历史、应用现状和发展趋势，对中美2国的应用现状进行对比分析，并在此基础上提出我国下一阶段的努力方向。     

连云港市环境与社会经济协调发展研究

将可持续发展指标作为环境与社会经济协调发展程度的研究指标体系 ,按照协调发展度的大小将环境与社会经济的协调发展状况划分为 3大类 1 0小类 30个基本类型。研究表明 ,连云港市协调发展度逐年提高 ,目前处于勉强协调发展类环境滞后型     

气态污染物的非平衡等离子体处理技术

近年来利用等离子体技术对气态污染物的氧化分解研究受到了广泛的关注。本文介绍了等离子体概念、分类及产生方法，简述了非平衡等离子体技术对气体污染物的降解原理，较全面地介绍了等离子体技术在脱硫、脱硝以及降解挥发性有机物（VOCs）等方面的研究。最后指出了今后等离子体处理废气的应用研究方向。