Severe air pollution and characteristics of light-absorbing particles in a typical rural area of the Indo-Gangetic Plain

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Total suspended particles (TSP) were collected in Lumbini from April 2013 to March 2016 to better understand the characteristics of carbonaceous...     

A comparison study of the potential risks induced in arable land and forest soils by carcass-derived pollutants

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Improper decisions concerning animal carcass disposal sites pose grave threats to environmental biosecurity. However, only a few studies have focused on the...     

Clay mineral adsorbents for heavy metal removal from wastewater: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Heavy metal pollution such as water contamination by Pb, Hg, Cu, Cd and Cr ions is induced by rapid urbanization and industrialization and is a major threat to...     

Preparation and uranium (VI) biosorption for tri-amidoxime modified marine fungus material

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The preparation, characterization, and uranium (VI) adsorption properties of tri-amidoxime modified marine fungus material (ZZF51-GPTS-EDA-AM/ZGEA)...     

Correlation study of hazardous waste characteristics among various chemical processes in Republic of Korea

To harmonize with international standards, the Republic of Korea is in the process of converting its current hazardous waste classification system and setting up regulatory standards for all toxic substances present in hazardous waste. Detailed characterization of each form of hazardous waste belonging to five chemical processes and their correlations were studied. In the present work, the concentrations of 13 heavy metals, F^?, CN^?, 7 PAH compounds, total PCDD/F and 7 PCB isomers present in the hazardous waste generated among chemical processes such as synthetic rubber (SR), man-made fibers (MF), organic dyes and pigments (DP), pharmaceuticals and cosmetics were analyzed along with their leaching characteristics. Comparing all the processes, most of the heavy metal concentrations were high in SR waste. Naphthalene was the dominant PAH in most of the chemical process waste. PCDD/F concentrations of the samples were in the range of 0.001–0.003 ng I-TEQ/g. PCB isomer-101 and isomer-118 were found to be slightly higher than the permissible limit in the SR filter cake sample. SR process wastes doesn’t show any resemblance with the other process waste in either the heavy metals and PAH trend. Each sample from DP and MF were suitable only for hazardous waste landfill.     

Economic and health benefits of the co-reduction of air pollutants and greenhouse gases

This study examines the monetary value of social costs—private costs and negative externalities—that could be avoided by energy conservation actions. A novel Air Resource Co-Benefits (ARCoB) model has been developed in this study to assess the comprehensive social benefits of greenhouse gas GHG mitigation policy. The rollback model is used to estimate changes in air pollutant concentrations attributed to the emission reductions. Change in ozone concentration is converted from non-methane hydrocarbons based on the maximum ozone increment reactivity. In addition to saved medical expenditure, years of potential life lost (YPLL) is estimated based on the exposure-response coefficients for mortality and is calculated with abridged life table. Two cases of energy efficiency improvement in different scales are analyzed to estimate the annual co-benefits of abatements of air pollutants and greenhouse gas in 2009: 1) the energy intensity reduction in the industrial sector and 2) energy saving at Taipei Taiwan City Hall. Results indicate the saved energy cost accounted for 66 % and 70 % in the first and second case, respectively, and was a major part of the total benefit from energy conservation. The saved air pollution fee was 7.8–8.5 times lower than the averted health cost of medical expenditure, which was US$10.34 million in the first case, in which there were also averted YPLL of 3,478 person-years or averted deaths of 311 persons per year.     

快速城镇化地域生态承载力评价模型构建与分析

综合客观地评价城镇区域生态承载状况是中国快速城镇化进程中经济与环境协调发展的保障。传统生态承载力测度法仍偏向于将区域作为封闭系统来研究,但现实中区域生态系统是和外界相沟通的,区域对承栽力的需求可外部化。为综合测度城镇生态承栽力,以生态经济学理论为依据,结合快速城镇化地域特点,构建了快速城镇化地域生态承载力评价模型,并以义乌市为例,对2005年-2007年的生态承载力状况进行了评价与分析。评价结果表明,义乌2005年-2007年的生态承载力值均大于1,以东莞市和惠州市两个典型城镇的生态承载力值为参比值,与其相比较后说明义鸟的生态承载力状况良好;但逐渐以过高的生态成本来换取经济增长,生态承载力值逐年降低,生态承载力状况逐年变差。评价结果较准确地反映了区域的实际情况,所提出的评价方法能较准确客观地评价快速城镇化地域的生态承栽力状况。     

上海市农村富营养化河道生态修复工程研究

用食藻虫引导沉水植物生态修复工程技术对上海市临港新城果园镇里塘河道富营养化水体进行了工程治理和生态修复,辅以种植沉水植物,采取开放式生态修复和治理。每月水质跟踪检测结果表明:该工程治理方法具有显著生态修复效果,水质得到明显改善;COD_Mn、TN、TP在最低平均值时分别比生态修复前下降了60.67%、85.36%、88.74%;氨氮、亚硝态氮和叶绿素a在生态修复中的最低平均值分别为0.088 mg/L、0.024 mg/L和5.31 mg/m³;试验期间,修复区水体TN、TP、NO₂-N、NH₄-N和COD_Mn显著低于对照区,水体透明度（SD）平均为150～180 cm,水质达到国家Ⅱ～Ⅲ类地表水水质标准。     

BP神经网络与Sugeno模糊积分融合 的转子系统故障诊断

目的针对BP神经网络对转子故障诊断方法存在的局限性,提出一种融合Sugeno模糊积分和BP神经网络的转子故障轴心轨迹识别诊断方法。方法首先利用轴心轨迹图像的不变矩为特征向量,提取常见旋转机械转子故障特征,随后利用多个BP神经网络对故障类型进行识别,最终采用Sugeno模糊积分对BP神经网络识别结果进行决策,从而构建转子故障诊断模型,并应用于转子系统故障的诊断。结果通过机械故障仿真模拟实验平台采集了6种常见转子系统故障信号,利用matlab2012a软件编程建模仿真处理,试验表明,该模型有效地提高了转子系统多类别故障的识别正确率。同时,该方法对同一故障类型识别所需样本少,大大节省了数据获取和处理的时间。结论该方法提出并用于转子系统故障诊断中,诊断准确性高,可靠性强,利用样本数据量少,节约时间,对小样本数据的故障诊断有着良好的效果。