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271.
Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of dissolved organic matter from eight dominant aquatic macrophytes in Lake Dianchi, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Xiaoxia Qu Li Xie Ying Lin Yingchen Bai Yuanrong Zhu Fazhi Xie John P. Giesy Fengchang Wu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(10):7413-7423
The aim of this research was to determine and compare the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of dissolved organic matters (DOM) from eight aquatic macrophytes in a eutrophic lake. C, H, N, and P in ground dry leaves and C, N, and P in DOM of the species were determined, and C/N, C/P, C/H, DOC/C, TDN/N, TDP/P, DOC/TDN, and DOC/TDP were calculated. Chemical structures of the DOM were characterized by the use of multiple techniques including UV-visible, FT-IR, and 13C CP/MAS spectra. The results showed subtle differences in quantity and quality of DOM among species and life-forms. Except oriental pepper which had a C/H of 0.7, C/H of all the other species was 0.6. C/N and C/P of ground leaves was 10.5–17.3 and 79.4–225.3, respectively, which were greater in floating and submerged species than in the others. Parrot feather also had a small C/P (102.8). DOC/C, TDN/N, and TDP/P were 7.6–16.8, 5.5–22.6, and 22.9–45.6 %, respectively. Except C/N in emergent and riparian species, C/N in the other species and C/P in all the species were lower in their DOM than in the ground leaves. DOM of the macrophytes had a SUVA254 value of 0.83–1.80. The FT-IR and 13C NMR spectra indicated that the DOM mainly contained polysaccharides and/or amino acids/proteins. Percent of carbohydrates in the DOM was 37.3–66.5 % and was highest in parrot feather (66.5 %) and crofton weed (61.5 %). DOM of water hyacinth, water lettuce, and sago pondweed may have the greatest content of proteins. Aromaticity of the DOM was from 6.9 % in water lettuce to 17.8 % in oriental pepper. DOM of the macrophytes was also different in polarity and percent of Ar–OH. Distinguished characteristics in quantity and quality of the macrophyte-derived DOM may induce unique environmental consequences in the lake systems. 相似文献
272.
本文介绍了我国湿地保护区与当地居民的关系对保护区管理情况的影响,并提出了一些合理化建议,其中强调了通过政策和经济杠杆让当地居民在保护环境中受益,保护区才可能持续发展。 相似文献
273.
IntroductionThemaintenanceofsoilfertilitydependsonthesizeandtheactivityofthesoilmicrobialbiomasswhichisoffundamentalimportanceinbiologicalcyclesofalmostallmajorplantnutrients(Robert,1992 ) .Thereisconsiderableinterestinstudyofsoilbiochemicalcharacteristic… 相似文献
274.
三界谷来地区主要出露中、新生代火山岩。进行 1/5万区域地质调查时,采用火山活动旋回-火山构造-火山地层-岩相、岩性-体化思路,按照同旋回火山机构或火山喷发区为单元,确定岩石地层单位和填图单元。火山岩划分为九种岩相类型,建立了两个岩相模式和一个三相一体成因模式。根据火山岩浆作用的旋回性及其产物与火山构造形迹时、空、成因一致性原理,将中、新生代火山岩浆作用分为四个火山活动旋回,圈定了相应的火山机构或火山喷发中心,建立了竹田头复活破火山演化模式。新生代玄武岩中发现二辉斜长麻粒岩等深源包体,为研究区域深部地质作用过程提供了证据。侵入岩按岩石谱系单元划分了七个岩石单元一个超单元,将侵入岩-潜火山岩-火山岩作为岩浆作用整体研究,为正确阐明岩浆作用及其演化规律奠定了基础。区域线型构造发育,与环形火山构造组合,形成火山岩区特有的线一环构造格局。中上元古界陈蔡群变质岩划分为上、下两个岩组,探讨了变质岩的原岩性质及其形成的大地构造环境。 相似文献
275.
276.
IntroductionThis paper utilizes generalized additive model to explore the potential non-linear relationship between crash frequency and exposure on different types of urban roadway segments.MethodsGeneralized additive models are used to analyze crash frequency data and compared with the commonly used crash rate method and generalized linear models using a five-year crash data set from Houston, Texas.ResultsThe study shows that the relationship between crash frequency and exposure varies by segment type and the linearity may only approximately exist in certain segment types. In addition, the generalized additive modeling results suggest that such relationship curves may not be monotonic. Finally, this study demonstrates that generalized additive models in general provide better flexibility and modeling performance than generalized linear models.Impact on IndustryThe generalized additive model provides a very promising alternative for crash frequency modeling and other safety studies. 相似文献
277.
Hang Zhang Shuo Chen Haiguang Zhang Xinfei Fan Cong Gao Hongtao Yu Xie Quan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):18
278.
Wang TJ Hu ZY Xie M Zhang Y Xu CK Chao ZH 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2004,26(2-3):169-177
The regional acid deposition model system (RegADMS) was applied to simulate the air sulfur deposition onto different landuse types over China, in which the dry deposition velocities of SO2 and sulfate aerosol (SO4(2-) were estimated by use of a big leaf resistance analogy model and the wet scavenging coefficients were parameterized in terms of precipitation rate. Investigations show that the annual total sulfur deposition over mainland China is 7.24mt (1 mt = 10(6) ton) , in which dry deposition and wet deposition accounts for 56 and 44%, respectively. The sulfur deposition onto agriculture land, grass land, and forest land is 1.09, 3.6 and 1.41 mt, respectively, which sums 6.1 mt and accounts for 84% of the total sulfur deposition. The modeled sulfur deposition was in agreement with the measurement conducted at farmland in Yingtan, a typical read soil region in Jiangxi province of China, during the period of November 1998--October 1999. The total sulfur deposition at the Yingtan site is about 10.3 gm(-2) year(-1) of which 83% is dry deposition. The modeling sulfur deposition at the same site is 8.4 g m(-2) year(-1) Furthermore, the comparison between RegADMS and RAINS-ASIA on modeling regional sulfur deposition shows the consistence of the two models. The correlation coefficient between the simulated sulfur deposition at the medium-large cities reaches 0.72. 相似文献
279.
CuO-ZnO催化剂的XRD和EXAFS研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用XRD和EXAFS方法研究了CuO-ZnO(50:50)CO_2加氢合成甲醇催化剂的结构.XRD研究发现,在催化剂还原前后,分别存在CuO,ZnO和Cu-ZnO晶相.EXAFS研究发现,在CuO-ZnO中,Cu—O,Cu—Cu键长及Cu的氧配位数、Cu的Cu配位数与纯CuO的十分接近,在Cu-ZnO中,Cu—Wu键长、Cu的Cu配位数与纯Cu的十分接近,说明催化剂在还原前后,CU的近邻结构分别与CuO与Cu的十分接近.纯Cu的活性、选择性很低,而Cu-ZnO的活性、选择性较纯Cu的有很大提高,说明催化剂的性能与催化剂中Cu的近邻结构无关. 相似文献
280.
论注册安全主任制度 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
谢乐 《中国安全科学学报》1998,8(2):18-21
为适应市场经济条件下安全生产工作的需要,以广州市建立注册安全主任执业资格制度为背景,概述了作为职业资格制度之一的“执业资格制度”、分析了安全主任执业资格制度产生的社会条件,论述了安全主任知识结构、作用机理等。用以上内容,试图论证:注册安全主任执业资格制度的产生是社会市场经济发展的必然要求 相似文献