Characterising components of liquid crystal displays to facilitate disassembly

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology has evolved and developed over the past decades to replace Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) display technology as the market leader. This is evident, with global market figures for liquid crystal displays surpassing $75 Billion in 2008.Current End-of-Life (EoL) disposal for LCD screens is typically landfill or incineration, this form of disposal restricts the ability to recover potentially reusable materials from waste LCD screens e.g. steel, aluminium, copper etc. Thus to conserve raw materials and to protect the environment it is essential to replace the traditional flow of products from manufacturer to landfill with a recycle and recover approach.While the recycling methods for CRTs are well established, however those of LCDs are as yet in their infancy. However to reduce consumption of natural resources and reduce quantities of waste going to landfill, recycling process must be encouraged and developed.This paper aims to address the challenges facing EoL treatment of LCD units by analysing LCD build types, structures and component material to establish traits which may make EoL treatment less of a challenge. Analysing this data will lay the foundation to developing a balanced recovery system meeting the needs of economic viability and environmental conservation in future work.     

斜坡区和隆起区断裂密集带差异性及其对油气分布的控制作用

此文以霸县凹陷文安斜坡和饶阳凹陷留楚构造为研究对象,对比了斜坡区和隆起区断裂密集带的特征及其对不同构造部位油气分布的控制作用。在三维地震资料、钻井资料和已发现油气藏特征的基础上,利用断裂密集带识别方法和分类方案,识别出文安斜坡和留楚构造的断裂密集带,并对其进行了分类。对比两种构造部位断裂密集带发育的差异性及对油气分布的控制作用,认为隆起区(留楚构造)相对于斜坡区(文安斜坡)断裂密集带发育数量较少,规模大,斜坡区断裂密集带主要以顺向背形断裂密集带为主,而隆起区主要以屋脊背形断裂密集带为主,隆起区油气主要分布在顺向背形断裂密集带内,斜坡区主要分布在屋脊背形断裂密集带内部及靠近生烃中心的边部。     

Assessment of PCDD/F and PBDD/F emissions from coal-fired power plants during injection of brominated activated carbon for mercury control

The effect of the injection of brominated powdered activated carbon (Br-PAC) on the emission of brominated and chlorinated dioxins and furans in coal combustion flue gas has been evaluated. The sampling campaigns were performed at two U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) demonstration sites where brominated PAC was being injected for control of mercury emissions. The results of the sampling campaigns showed that injection of the brominated PAC upstream of the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) did not increase the emissions of total and Toxic EQuivalent (TEQ) chlorinated and brominated dioxin compounds. Rather, the data suggested the sorbent may capture these compounds and reduce their concentration in the flue gas stream. This effect, when seen, was small, and independent of the type of plant emission controls, temperature at the point of injection, or fuel-chlorine content. The addition of the brominated PAC sorbent resulted in slight increases the total content of chlorinated dioxins and furan in the particulate matter (ash) collected in the ESP, but did not increase its overall toxicity.