沉淀物和生物中U,Th和226Ra的联合测定

用放射化学法对U,Th,~(226)Ra等核素进行联合测定,国外已有不少报道,只是所用的分离方法和所测的介质不同而已。我国学者也做过一些这方面的工作。本工作建立了用三正辛胺-二甲苯萃取分离法对沉积物和生物样中U,Th和~(226)Ra的联合测定方法。 二、主要仪器与试剂     

Optimising the environmental benefits of emission reductions from UK coal- and oil-fired power stations: a critical loads approach

This paper describes a method for determining reductions of SO₂ emissions from coal- and oil-fired power stations, oil refineries and large industrial units in the UK taking into account their pollution potential. The method is based on the use of two gridded data sets: critical loads, which represent the sensitivity of the environment to acid deposition and modelled estimates of total (wet + dry) sulphur deposition for 646 point sources within the UK. An iterative method is used to identify and subsequently reduce emissions from point sources that contribute most to areas of critical loads exceedance. This paper demonstrates how the method may be used to determine an optimal allocation of emissions across the UK which yields the maximum amount of environmental protection per unit of emission.The paper then goes on to consider the changes that will have to take place within the UK power generation industry in order to meet the revised EC Large Combustion Plant Directive which comes into force on 1 January 2008. Particular emphasis is placed upon proposed emissions trading schemes and the environmental implications of allowing trading between stations with high and low pollution potentials. The paper concludes by suggesting that the emissions trading process should take into account the pollution potential of each source, irrespective of whether the proposed emission is within the plant's agreed emission limit. An approach based entirely on minimizing environmental damage rather than one which takes cost into account, as in current integrated assessment modelling, could provide an interesting approach across the rest of Europe.     

硫代氨基甲酸盐提取工业废水中的锌离子

本文主要探索了金属离子络合剂———硫代氨基甲酸盐的合成制备 ,并通过其对锌离子的络合作用 ,以达到脱除金属离子的目的 .实验表明 ,由吗啡啉合成制得的硫代氨基甲酸盐 锌离子络合剂在酸性废水中 ,对锌离子具有良好的络合能力 .通过对废水中金属锌离子的脱除工艺条件的相应探索 ,发现在体系的pH =2～ 6范围内 ,硫代氨基甲酸盐对锌离子的脱除率均达99 %以上     

Developing Canada's National Forest Carbon Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System to Meet the Reporting Requirements of the Kyoto Protocol

The rate of carbon accumulation in the atmosphere can be reduced by decreasing emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and by increasing the net uptake (or reducing the net loss) of carbon in terrestrial (and aquatic) ecosystems. The Kyoto Protocol addresses both the release and uptake of carbon. Canada is developing a National Forest Carbon Monitoring, Accounting and Reporting System in support of its international obligations to report greenhouse gas sources and sinks. This system employs forest-inventory data, growth and yield information, and statistics on natural disturbances, management actions and land-use change to estimate forest carbon stocks, changes in carbon stocks, and emissions of non-CO₂ greenhouse gases. A key component of the system is the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS). The model is undergoing extensive revisions to enable analyses at four spatial scales (national, provincial, forest management unit and stand) and in annual time steps. The model and the supporting databases can be used to assess carbon-stock changes between 1990 and the present, and to predict future carbon-stock changes based on scenarios of future disturbance rates and management actions.     

测空气中SO2时的主要影响因素

目前测定空气中SO2主要采用甲醛吸收-副玫瑰苯胺分光光度法。该法操作比较严格，测试结果的准确度受诸多因素的影响。因此文中对这些影响因素进行了探讨，主要为试剂质量、显色温度和显色时间、溶液加入顺序、比色皿、空气采样器流量、采样温度、导气管的吸附等因素对测定结果的影响进行了探讨。     

地震灾害与地震预报——写在邢台地震40周年之际

本文分析了我国的地震灾害，阐述了近代地震灾害的特点和发展趋势，指出地震预报既是强烈的社会需求，也是全球性的科学难题，最后较为全面地介绍了我国地震预报的主要进展。     

以科学发展观为指导将环境优美乡镇创建活动推向新高潮

国家环境保护总局2005年3月25日在人民大会堂举行了2004年度全国环境优美乡镇授牌仪式，张力军副局长代表国家环保总局向获得“全国环境优美乡镇”和“创建全国环境优美乡镇优秀领导和优秀组织者”荣誉称号的单位及个人表示热烈的祝贺，并在会上发表重要讲话。