Physicochemical and biological quality of soil in hexavalent chromium-contaminated soils as affected by chemical and microbial remediation

Chemical and microbial methods are the main remediation technologies for chromium-contaminated soil. These technologies have progressed rapidly in recent years; however, there is still a lack of methods for evaluating the chemical and biological quality of soil after different remediation technologies have been applied. In this paper, microbial remediation with indigenous bacteria and chemical remediation with ferrous sulphate were used for the remediation of soils contaminated with Cr(VI) at two levels (80 and 1,276 mg kg^?1) through a column leaching experiment. After microbial remediation with indigenous bacteria, the average concentration of water-soluble Cr(VI) in the soils was reduced to less than 5.0 mg kg^?1. Soil quality was evaluated based on 11 soil properties and the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method, including fuzzy mathematics and correlative analysis. The chemical fertility quality index was improved by one grade using microbial remediation with indigenous bacteria, and the biological fertility quality index increased by at least a factor of 6. Chemical remediation with ferrous sulphate, however, resulted in lower levels of available phosphorus, dehydrogenase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase. The result showed that microbial remediation with indigenous bacteria was more effective for remedying Cr(VI)-contaminated soils with high pH value than chemical remediation with ferrous sulphate. In addition, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was proven to be a useful tool for monitoring the quality change in chromium-contaminated soils.     

Distribution features of biological hazardous pollutants in residential environments in Korea

This research has been conducted continuously since 2009 as part of a cohort of studies examining relationships between asthma and genetic factors, dietary habits, and environmental factors. Based on data from environmental research on house dust mites and endotoxins, which are widely known as pollutants in bedding that cause asthma in pregnant women and children, this work was conducted to obtain basic data that can be used in future cohort studies that analyze links between distribution of biological hazards and physical features of residential environments. The detection rates of house dust mite allergens, Der p1 and Der f1, were 52.7 and 86.5 %, respectively, indicating that Der f1 is a dominant species in domestic indoor environments. According to comparisons between concentrations of house dust mites and endotoxins in bedding of pregnant women and children, Der p1 and endotoxins showed significantly lower concentrations in bedding of pregnant women compared with those in bedding of children, whereas Der f1 showed no significant difference in concentration according to bedding.     

应用EM生物技术降低鸡蛋胆固醇的试验研究

应用EM生物技术饲养蛋鸡,可以降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量52.05 %?67. 78 %,同时可以保障高蛋白营养,降低脂肪含量,成为老少皆宜的 健康食品。      

新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区生物多样性保护研究

生物多样性具有多重价值,如生态价值、社会价值和经济价值。卡拉麦里山自然保护区生物多样性不但关系到当地经济发展和人民生存安全,而且关系到整个保护区、整个新疆的可持续发展。本文分析了卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区生物多样性特点及生物多样性遭受严重破坏的原因,提出了保护该区生物多样性的对策措施：①加强卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区生物多样性的调查研究工作。②加强保护区的建设。③加大立法与执法制度。④加强生物多样性保护的宣传教育。⑤加强生物多样性保护的公众参与。⑥加强当地居民的基本生产、生活条件建设。⑦在保护区推行生态旅游。     

膜分离技术在环境分析中的应用

膜分离技术在环境分析中起着十分重要的作用。本文对滤膜分离、渗透汽化膜、渗析法、电渗析法、液膜分离等分离技术在水、土、气和生物样品中阴离子、阳离子、金属元素、有机物、生物毒素等指标检测的应用进行了深入介绍。     

大气中HONO来源的研究进展

由于亚硝酸(HONO)在大气中所扮演的重要角色如:OH自由基的前体物以及对臭氧和光化学烟雾形成的促进作用而引起科学界的广泛关注,然而对于大气中HONO的来源问题,特别是它的非均相形成过程目前尚未清楚.本文从HONO在大气中的重要意义及目前国际上对HONO来源的研究现状,特别是它的非均相形成机理进行了阐述;由于其在大气化学中的重要意义,提出我国开展大气HONO研究的重要性,并对其来源问题进行了讨论与展望.     

氧和氮等离子体改性细旦涤纶的清洁工艺比较

该文对氧、氮低温等离子体改性细旦涤纶进行了研究,分别探讨了氧、氮等离子体放电参数对提高细旦涤纶上染率的影响,得出了2种工艺的最佳放电参数。实验结果表明:经氧、氮等离子体改性后,细旦涤纶的上染率分别提高了17%和5%,说明氧等离子体改性可显著减少印染废水中的污染物排放量,有利于环境治理,氮等离子体改性效果次之。      

陆地与海洋气溶胶的相互输送及其对彼此环境的影响

陆地和海洋源产生的气溶胶通过大气的流动向对方的环境系统输送，从而改变了对方环境大气的化学组成，影响着大气污染物的化学反应过程和反应速度，其沉降过程也会对对方的生态系统产生一定的影响。；沿海的岖稠密的人口。较为发达的经济活动，较高的大气污染排放强度，使得陆海气溶胶的交换和沉降对谝我域的环境具有不可忽视的影响。     

旧城保护与更新的生态学方法思考

从当前旧城改造中存在的问题入手分析，用生态学的方法进行剖析，试图探索旧城改造的新模式－健康城市的生态学模式，即建立舒适宜人，协调运转的城市体系。     

冷原子吸收光度法测定工业用浓盐酸中痕量汞

通过进样管道的设计,可能存在的干扰,以及工作参数的详细研究,建立了用冷原子吸收光度法直接测定工业用浓盐酸中痕量汞的分析方法。实际样品测定结果表明,该方法可靠,准确可行。