基于蚁群算法的结构面产状模糊C均值聚类分析

鉴于传统结构面分析方法只能进行相对的优势组数划分,无法准确定量地给出优势结构面的产状,提出了基于蚁群算法(ACA)的结构面产状模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法;该算法利用ACA算法得到结构面产状的模糊聚类个数,并利用FCM算法得到初始聚类中心,最终得到具有全局分布特性的最优聚类;通过现场实测数据分析,验证了该算法的实用性和有效性。     

大型石化工程建设项目引入HSE专业管理团队的必要性

近年来,石化行业处于一个高速发展时期,建设规模达到了空前的程度,与之相伴的是建设阶段事故多发,伤亡人数居高不下。在这些事故的背后有多方面的原因,但缺乏一支专业化的HSE管理团队是其中的重要原因之一。     

爆破振动对地质遗迹影响的PLAXIS模拟分析

杭瑞国家公路凤凰至大兴(湘黔界)K0+500~K5+000段穿越凤凰国家地质公园奇梁洞景区。为分析公路施工期和运营期对奇梁洞地质遗迹影响程度,预测施工过程中爆破震动和项目建成后在车辆荷载作用下对地质遗迹造成的危害,利用有限元软件Plaxis模拟分析公路工程建设对地质遗迹的影响。为工程建设提供奇梁洞地质遗迹保护审批依据,防止建设工程引发地质灾害。     

Study on bioremediation of eutrophic lake

Bioremediation is considered as one of the effective ways to deal with the pollution of natural water because of its high efficiency, low cost and causing no secondary pollution. The multiple microbial preparation is composed of bacteria that can transfer nutritive material harmless and some natural humic acid which can destroy algae. The qualified bacteria were selected, separated, and enriched from the water and bottom sediment of eutrophic lake. A field trial of bioremediation was carried out in 60 m³ of eutrophic water body in Yingze Lake of Anshan for four months. TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), ammonia nitrogen, COD_Cr, and turbidity of the trial water and untreated water were measured termly. Contrastive analysis showed the mulriple microbial preparation can increase the water capacity of self-purification, decrease the turbidity, inhibit algae growth and improve water quality gradually at substantially lower cost. Thus the problem of lake eutrophication can be solved radically by bioremediation.     

Enhanced adaptability of Sesbania rostrata to Pb/Zn tailings via stem modulation

Sesbania rostrata is renowned for its stem nodulation, but the role of stem nodulation in the root nodulation and adaptation of S.rostrata to Pb/Zn-enriched tailings environment has been poorly understood.We investigated the effects of inoculating (with stem nodule treatment) and non-inoculating (without stem nodule treatment) Azorhizobium caulinodans on the growth, root nodulation, and N fixation of S.rostrata grown on three different types of soil substrata: Pb/Zn tailings, garden soil amended tailings, and garden soil.The results showed that plant height, stem basal diameter, biomass, chlorophyll content, nitrogen content and N-accumulation per plant were 2.3%-4.9%, 2.2%-7.7%, 27.8%-72.2%, 17.1%-23.5%, 12.3%-34.2%, and 43.1%-131.2% higher in treatments with stem nodule than those without stem nodule for the same soil substrate, respectively.With respect to soil substrata, all the measurements had consistently higher values in tailings than in amended tailings and garden soil, indicating that the poorer the soil condition, the greater the contribution of stem nodule.In contrast, the number and fresh weight of root nodules on plants without stem nodule were 6.9-11.6 times and 5.8-29.0 times higher than those with stem nodule, respectively, especially with respect to the plants grew on Pb/Zn tailings.In general, stem nodulation favored plant growth and nitrogen fixation of S.rostrata, but suppressed root nodulation.With the ability of stem and root nodulation, S.rostrata can be used as a pioneer plant species for remediation of Pb/Zn tailings.     

Optimization of gasoline hydrocarbon compositions for reducing exhaust emissions

Effects of hydrocarbon compositions on raw exhaust emissions and combustion processes were studied on an engine test bench. The optimization of gasoline hydrocarbon composition was discussed. As olefins content increased from 10.0% to 25.0% in volume, the combustion duration was shortened by about 2 degree crank angle ( CA), and the engine-out THC emission was reduced by about 15%. On the other hand, as aromatics content changed from 35.0% to 45.0%, the engine-out NOx emissions increased by 4%. An increment in olefins content resulted in a slight increase in engine-out CO emission, while the aromatics content had little e ect on engine-out total hydrocarbon (THC) and CO emissions. Over the new European driving cycle (NEDC), the THC, NOx and CO emissions of fuel with 25.0% olefins and 35.0% aromatics were about 45%, 21% and 19% lower than those of fuel with 10.0% olefins and 40.0% aromatics, respectively. The optimized gasoline compositions for new engines and new vehicles have low aromatics and high olefins contents.     

试论基层环境监测站如何建立有效的质量体系

根据在基层环境监测站开展计量认证的工作经验,认为建立合理的组织机构、明确岗位职责、强化管理制度等是建立有效的质量体系的重要保证.     

滇池流域气候特征研究

采用滇池流域5个站点的气象资料对滇池流域气候特征进行统计分析.滇池流域冬季最低温度不低于7℃,夏季最高温度不超过20℃,冬夏温差较小,适于居住.滇池流域内,滇池沿岸的站点冬夏温差相对远离流域的其它站点要小.近40多a来,滇池流域冬、夏及年气温呈现年际振荡的变化分布,滇池流域气温呈现出明显的上升趋势,且冬季增温最为明显.滇池流域的风向全年均以西南风为主,夏季滇池流域南、北部还受南风的影响,其西部受东风的影响,而东、东北部分别受东南、东北风的影响.滇池流域雨季主要从5月开始,夏季和年降水量较大的昆明、嵩明站均位于滇池流域主要风向-西南风的下风方向.     

阳离子染料废水治理技术及进展

介绍了阳离子染料废水的特点,以及近年来阳离子染料废水处理的各种技术,包括吸附法、化学混凝法、高级氧化法、电化学法和生物法.上述处理技术均对阳离子废水处理有较好效果,大部分工艺应用于生产实践.最后对阳离子染料废水处理技术的发展进行了展望,指出阳离子废水处理技术朝各种工艺优化组合方向发展.     

餐饮业环保问题及管理对策探讨

针对居民区附近商住楼和居民小区内餐饮业污染问题的投诉呈逐年上升趋势.污染产生的原因,主要是业主环保意识淡薄、污染源处理设施不完善、监测手段和环保部门介入滞后以及处罚缺乏足够的法律依据.纠纷调处时环保部门的管理对策提前介入,杜绝餐饮企业污染环境;对申请开业的餐饮企业控制办法:控制数量、合理选址、使用清洁能源及安装污染源处理设施并办理环保竣工验收手续;对已开业的,在工商年检时执行环保前置年检,逐步淘汰不舍格的企业,尽快完善专门的行业管理条例.