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111.
112.
萘降解菌N19-3的分离、鉴定和萘双加氧酶基因的检测 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
从石油污染土壤中分离到一株高效降解萘的N19-3菌株. 经形态观察、生理生化实验和16S rDNA序列分析等鉴定其为丛毛单胞菌属(Comamonas sp.). 该菌株能在30 ℃,30h内将1 000mg/L的萘完全降解. 降解萘的适宜温度为20~30 ℃, 适宜pH为7.0~9.0. 0.1mmol/L的Ca2+和Fe3+对N19-3菌株降解萘有较强的促进作用, 0.1 mmol/L的Mn2+和Zn2+对N19-3菌株的生长和萘的降解也有一定的促进作用, 而0.1 mmol/L的 Cu2+则完全抑制了N19-3菌株的生长和萘的降解. 通过PCR方法在N19-3菌株中扩增出分别与C. testosteroni H菌株的萘双加氧酶铁硫蛋白大亚基基因(pahAc)与双加氧酶铁硫蛋白小亚基基因(pahAd)高度同源的核苷酸片断. 相似文献
113.
Vertical and temporal distributions of N and P in soil solution in aquatic-terrestrial ecotone (ATE) of Taihu Lake were investigated, and the relations among N, P, ORP (oxidation reduction potential), TOC, root system biomass and microorganism were studied. As a whole, significant declines in TN, NO3^--N, DON (dissolved organic nitrogen) and TP concentration in soil solution have occurred with increase of the depth, and reached their minima at 60 cm depth, except for NH4^+-N, which increased with depth. The concentration of TP increased gradually from spring to winter in the topsoil, the maximum 0.08 mg/L presented in the winter while the minimum 0.03 mg/L in spring. In the deeper layer, the concentration value of TP fluctuated little. As for the NO3^--N, its seasonal variation was significant at 20 cm depth, its concentration increased gradually from spring to autumn, and decreased markedly in winter. Vertical and temporal distribution of DON is contrary to that of NO3^--N. The results also show that the variation of N and P in the percolate between adjacent layers is obviously different. The vertical variation ofTN, TP, NO3^--N, NH4^+-N and DON is significant, of which the variation coefficient of NO3^--N along the depth reaches 100.23%, the highest; while the variation coefficient of DON is 41.14%, the smallest. The results of correlation analysis show that the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus correlate significantly with TOC, ORP, root biomass and counts of nitrifying bacteria. Most nutrients altered much from 20 to 40 cm along the depth. However, DON changed more between 60 and 80 cm. Results show that soil of 0-60 cm depth is active rhizoplane, with strong capability to remove the nitrogen and phosphorus in ATE. It may suggest that there exists the optimum ecological efficiency in the depth of above 60 cm in reed wetland. This will be very significant for ecological restoration and reestablishment. 相似文献
114.
长期储存亚硝化颗粒污泥的活化及菌群结构变化 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用无机人工配水,通过逐级提高进水氨氮负荷(0.32~0.64kg/(m3·d))和设定合适的初始游离氨浓度(3.7~7.2mg/L),在SBR反应器中对常温(24~29℃)下储存1a的亚硝化颗粒污泥(NGS)进行了活化,并使用Miseq高通量测序技术分析了污泥中微生物多样性的变化情况.结果表明,NGS的亚硝化性能可在短时间内恢复.运行8d后,反应器的氨氮去除率达到95%以上,亚硝态氮累积率超过了80%,但污泥粒径持续减小,胞外聚合物(EPS)含量明显降低.活化至第20d,NGS的氨氮比去除速率和亚硝态氮比累积速率分别达到24.6mg/(gVSS·h)、23.8mg/(gVSS·h),平均粒径稳定在0.5mm左右.在活化期间,绝大部分厌氧、异养菌属被洗脱,污泥的微生物多样性显著降低.Nitrosomonas等氨氧化菌的相对丰度由活化前的1%上升至约58%,同时,Nitrospira等硝化菌的生长受到了选择性抑制.这意味着即使经历长期的常温储存,NGS仍可作为SBR的接种污泥,实现反应器的快速启动. 相似文献
115.
针对现有技术下由于微网中不可控微源出力预测和负荷预测均存在误差较大而引起微网优化调度结果不准确的问题,提出在传统微网经济调度模型中增加不确定性描述模型,得到不同侧重点下的微网经济优化结果,并对结果进行分析。首先,通过利用区间数描述预测不确定性,并结合隶属度函数推导容忍度概念。其次,在并网运行模式的微网结构上建立以运行成本最低为目标函数的微网优化调度模型,并将该模型转换为区间数形式表示。最后,利用粒子群优化算法并以MATLAB为主要工具对上述模型进行求解,得到微网24 h出力优化区间解结果,并对结果进行详细分析。算例通过对某并网型微网进行分析,验证了所提模型的科学性和有效性。 相似文献
116.
117.
基于雾霾胁迫、人口暴露和适应能力,结合遥感数据与统计数据,对2014年中国286个地级及以上城市的雾霾灾害风险进行评价,在此基础上,识别雾霾灾害风险热点区的风险主导因子.结果表明:中国城市雾霾灾害风险整体水平不高且内部差异显著,雾霾灾害风险大体呈"东高西低、北高南低"的空间布局特征.雾霾灾害风险热点区范围涵盖96个城市,占据国土面积92.4万km~2,波及人群数量5.9亿.风险主导因子分区方面,适应能力主导区分布在汕头、揭阳、邵阳、娄底、玉林、汕尾、达州、巴中、天水、昭通、潮州和贵港等12个城市;雾霾胁迫主导区分布在郑州、上海、成都、泰州、济南、西安、武汉、鄂州、南京、扬州、天津、无锡、嘉兴、南昌、常州、芜湖、淄博、合肥、镇江、黄石、马鞍山、南通和日照等23个城市,其余61个城市则属于雾霾胁迫-适应能力综合主导区. 相似文献
118.
Voltammetric curve studies on aqueous Na2S solution in the presence of three types of surfactants are presented. Presence of anodic surfactant (HTAB) in creases anode current density and makes the corresponding anode peak potential shift to more negative. Potentials of the reduction of elemental sulfur to intermediates Sx2-shift to more negative with the increasing of HTAB concentrations. In the presence of HTAB, the anode current density at 77oC increases more than at 34oC. The electrolysis indicates that anodic product sulfur loosely adhered to the graphite electrode surface when HTAB is added to the anolyte. The total efficiency of producing sulfur is high after several times of cycle electrolysis.The results show that anode passivation is minimized in the presence of HTAB. The depassivation effect of HTAB is discussed. 相似文献
119.
Persistent organochlorine residues in sediments of the Haihe River and Dagu Drainage River in Tianjin, China 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
DING Hui LI Xin-gang LIU Hun WANG Jun SHEN Wei-ran SUN Yi-chao SHAO Xiao-long 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(5):731-735
Persistent organochlorine compounds were analyzed by means of GC-ECD in surface sediment samples from two selected rivers in Tianjin, Haihe River and Dagu Drainage River. A total of 16 surface sediment sites were selected along the both rivers. The frequency of detection of T-HCH and T-DDT in sediment samples both was up to 100%, which illustrated that the contamination of HCH and DDT was widespread in Haihe and Dagu Drainage Rivers. Results indicated that the concentrations of various pesticides in sediments from Haihe River were in the range of 3.30-75.96 ng/g dw for T-HCH and 1.57-211.57 ng/g dw for T-DDT. Compared with Haihe River, Dagu Drainage River was contaminated by HCHs and DDTs along the all locations and the values of T-HCH and T-DDT residues in sediments ranged from 2.30 to 124.61 ng/g dw and from 11.28 to 237.30 ng/g dw, respectively, The possible pollution sources were analyzed through monitoring results of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) residues in sediments from the two rivers. The investigation also indicated that HCH was still used as pesticide in Tianjin partial area. 相似文献
120.