混凝法处理鱼粉加工废水技术研究

鱼粉加工废水COD高,生物碎体多,为降低后续生物处理负荷,研究拟采用混凝法对鱼粉加工废水进行预处理,通过正交实验,考察混凝剂种类、pH值、速度梯度等因素对处理效果的影响.结果表明,聚合硫酸铁絮凝效果优于聚合氯化铝、聚合氯化铝铁、聚丙烯酰胺,COD去除率为46.5%,SS去除率为92.4%;聚合硫酸铁混凝预处理鱼粉加工废水的最佳条件为:投药量为600 mg/L;pH值为7;快搅梯度为200 r/min、120 s,GT值为26 832;慢搅梯度为80 r/min、8 min最佳总GT值为38 832.     

Synthetic musks in the aquatic environment and personal care products in Shanghai, China

The concentrations and distributions of six polycyclic musks and two nitro musks in Suzhou Creek, influent/effluent of a sewage treatment plant (STP), and household commodities were investigated and discussed in this study. The levels of 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexa-methylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran (HHCB) and 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN) in Suzhou Creek were 3-78 ng g(-1) (dry weight) and 2-31 ng g(-1) (dry weight) in sediments, while 20-93 ng l(-1) and 8-20 ng l(-1) in surface waters. The results indicated a low proportion of wastewater burden in this river. The concentrations of HHCB and AHTN in the effluent of the STP were 5- to 6-fold higher than those in Suzhou Creek. The amounts discharged into the aquatic environment from sewage in Shanghai are 1.26 t (HHCB) and 0.38 t (AHTN) in 2007, and the input into the STPs is estimated to be HHCB 0.2 g y(-1) and AHTN 0.06 g y(-1) per inhabitant, respectively. A broad concentration range of HHCB and AHTN could be observed in household commodities. The distributions are in accordance with the profiles of musks in aquatic environment, with HHCB and AHTN being the major components.     

抗水、抗SO2的低温选择性催化还原催化剂研究进展

低温选择性催化还原(SCR)脱除NOx是一种有潜力的烟气脱硝技术.综述了低温SCR催化剂受水蒸气和SO2毒害作用的机制,总结了催化剂制备方法、催化剂载体选择和催化剂活性成分对抗水、抗SO2性能的影响.为进一步开发抗水、抗SO2的低温SCR催化剂提供一定的借鉴意义.     

煤焦化过程中颗粒物和二氧化硫的释放

选择山西省某地的四个土焦炉、两个热回收焦炉和两个机焦炉开展焦炉顶空气和烟气中颗粒物和SO2研究。结果显示在正常工作条件下热回收焦炉顶空气中颗粒物和SO2浓度最小,其次是机焦炉,土焦炉顶最高。机焦炉和热回收焦炉顶污染物浓度在出焦和装煤时明显升高。土焦炉烟气中颗粒物排放浓度和排放速率明显高于热回收焦炉和机焦炉;各种炉型烟气中SO2浓度差别较小,排放速率以机焦炉最高;土焦炉的烟尘和二氧化硫吨焦排放量最高,而机焦炉和热回收焦炉由于环保设备的使用显著降低。生产过程污染物释放显示机焦炉和热回收焦炉的颗粒物和SO2释放主要来源于焦化过程和熄焦过程。由吨焦排放量估计炼焦烟尘和二氧化硫对全国的烟尘和二氧化硫排放贡献小于5%,但对山西省的贡献接近15%和30%,控制炼焦污染对当地环境改善具有重要意义。