Sulfur cycle as an electron mediator between carbon and nitrate in a constructed wetland microcosm

• Fe(III) accepted the most electrons from organics, followed by NO₃^‒, SO₄^2‒, and O₂. • The electrons accepted by SO₄^2‒ could be stored in the solid AVS, FeS₂-S, and S⁰. • The autotrophic denitrification driven by solid S had two-phase characteristics. • A conceptual model involving electron acceptance, storage, and donation was built. • S cycle transferred electrons between organics and NO₃^‒ with an efficiency of 15%. A constructed wetland microcosm was employed to investigate the sulfur cycle-mediated electron transfer between carbon and nitrate. Sulfate accepted electrons from organics at the average rate of 0.84 mol/(m³·d) through sulfate reduction, which accounted for 20.0% of the electron input rate. The remainder of the electrons derived from organics were accepted by dissolved oxygen (2.6%), nitrate (26.8%), and iron(III) (39.9%). The sulfide produced from sulfate reduction was transformed into acid-volatile sulfide, pyrite, and elemental sulfur, which were deposited in the substratum, storing electrons in the microcosm at the average rate of 0.52 mol/(m³·d). In the presence of nitrate, the acid-volatile and elemental sulfur were oxidized to sulfate, donating electrons at the average rate of 0.14 mol/(m³·d) and driving autotrophic denitrification at the average rate of 0.30 g N/(m³·d). The overall electron transfer efficiency of the sulfur cycle for autotrophic denitrification was 15.3%. A mass balance assessment indicated that approximately 50% of the input sulfur was discharged from the microcosm, and the remainder was removed through deposition (49%) and plant uptake (1%). Dominant sulfate-reducing (i.e., Desulfovirga, Desulforhopalus, Desulfatitalea, and Desulfatirhabdium) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (i.e., Thiohalobacter, Thiobacillus, Sulfuritalea, and Sulfurisoma), which jointly fulfilled a sustainable sulfur cycle, were identified. These results improved understanding of electron transfers among carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles in constructed wetlands, and are of engineering significance.     

High heterogeneity of bacterioplankton community shaped by spatially structured environmental factors in West Lake,a typical urban lake in eastern China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Elucidating the bacterioplankton spatial distribution patterns and its determinants is a central topic in ecological research. However, research on...     

生物滞留池对屋面径流基本污染物的控制

快速的城市化导致不透水性下垫面急剧增加,进而加剧了径流污染,尤其是屋面径流污染。生物滞留池作为低影响开发理念的核心措施之一,对径流的净化效果显著。以屋面径流为控制对象,设计了3个生物滞留池用于探究不同土壤层厚度和不同进水方式对生物滞留池出水的影响。结果表明,实验收集的屋面径流污染严重,COD和TN为《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)劣Ⅴ类。经生物滞留池处理后发现,3个生物滞留池对悬浮物(SS)的去除效果较好,去除率为92.2%～98.7%,装填20cm土壤的表层进水生物滞留池较装填15cm土壤的生物滞留池出水污染物浓度低。装填20cm土壤的表层进水和侧向进水的生物滞留池对COD、TN和TP的去除能力总体相当,表层进水和侧向进水的生物滞留池对COD的去除率分别为91.7%、90.4%,对TN的去除率分别为93.8%、86.5%,对TP的去除率分别为70.1%和72.7%。     

饮用水中三卤甲烷的生成机理与影响因素研究进展

在饮用水消毒过程中,氯会与天然有机物(NOM)等反应生成消毒副产物(DBPs),三卤甲烷(THMs)是一种主要的DBPs,长期低浓度的THMs暴露对人体有一定的健康风险。THMs和其前驱物种类繁多、生成机理复杂且影响因素诸多,如何抑制消毒过程中THMs的形成是饮用水安全领域的研究热点。通过查阅大量文献,从THMs形成机理及影响因素等方面归纳了目前THMs研究现状,总结了甲基酮、腐殖酸、氨基酸、β-二酮等重要前驱物生成THMs的反应途径,探讨了操作条件以及离子对THMs生成的影响,对该领域未来研究方向进行了展望。     

鄱阳湖平原区农村水塘水体原位修复技术应用效果分析

针对鄱阳湖平原区农村水塘内源底泥污染和外源农村生产、生活排水污染,通过选用覆沙处理、落干曝晒处理及生物联合调控处理(即底栖动物三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)+滤食性鱼类鳙鱼和鲢鱼+湿地植物花叶芦竹(Arundo donax var.versicolor))等原位修复技术进行研究,以期得到农村小水塘经济高效的原位修复技术。结果表明:(1)生物联合调控处理对水质净化的效果总体最佳,浊度、氨氮、TN和COD去除率最高值分别为68.18%、92.64%、79.85%和92.10%。(2)生物联合调控处理的TN去除率与DO呈显著负相关,TP去除率与DO呈显著负相关、与氮磷质量比(N/P)呈显著正相关,COD去除率与氨氮、碳氮质量比(C/N)均呈显著负相关。     

基于GOCI数据的太湖叶绿素a浓度反演和蓝藻水华遥感监测

太湖蓝藻水华是广为关注的环境问题,迫切需要实现蓝藻水华的动态监测。利用静止轨道海洋水色遥感器(GOCI)遥感数据构建了太湖叶绿素a反演的三波段模型,使用归一化植被覆盖指数(NDVI)进行蓝藻水华监测,并进行了富营养化评价。结果表明:(1)三波段模型优于波段比值模型,可以用于GOCI遥感数据反演太湖叶绿素a浓度。(2)2019年6月3日太湖叶绿素a大致呈湖心和西部浓度低,北部和西南沿岸浓度高的空间分布;从10:15至15:15,叶绿素a浓度先升高后降低。(3)竺山湖和椒山周边水域水华聚集情况较为严重,是当天重度水华的主要发生区域;水华的时间变化规律同叶绿素a浓度变化规律一致。(4)对2019年4月和6月的GOCI遥感数据进行富营养化评价发现,太湖富营养化水平总体呈西部高东部低、北部高南部低、边缘高中间低的趋势;6月较4月富营养化水平明显加剧。     

基于ZIF-L的微固相萃取技术测定地表水中痕量典型多环芳烃

制备类沸石咪唑酯骨架ZIF-L材料,将其用作微固相萃取吸附剂,处理水中萘、苊、苊烯、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘等8种痕量典型多环芳烃,再用HPLC测定。试验表明,ZIF-L对上述多环芳烃的萃取效率明显高于商品化萃取材料C 18和多壁碳纳米管。方法在0.100μg/L^200μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.02μg/L^0.03μg/L,标准溶液5次测定结果的RSD为4.7%~9.5%,实际水样加标回收率为84.5%~115%。将该方法用于北太湖5个点位水样的测定,测定值为未检出~3.40μg/L。     

《生态环境状况评价技术规范》修订的生态管理效用评估——以山东省为例

简述了生态环境状况评价指标构成以及新旧规范中生态环境状况指数影响因子的对比分析。通过对2014—2017年山东省市、县两级生态环境状况的评价与影响因子相关性分析,结果表明,新规范实施后,有林地、灌木林地、湖泊(库)、水田、中度侵蚀、重度侵蚀面积增加对EI评价结果的影响以正面影响为主,其它建设用地、盐碱地面积增加均对EI评价结果产生负面影响,以上8个影响因子对县级EI评价结果的影响明显大于对市级EI评价结果的影响;城镇建设用地面积增加对市级和县级EI评价结果的影响不同,但相比旧规范其负面影响均有所减小;相比旧规范,二氧化硫排放量增加对市级EI评价结果的负面影响明显减弱,但对县级EI评价结果的负面影响明显增大。