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911.
Wu Jin Wang Anpu Huang Yanchu Ma ciguang Y. Ii S. Daishim K. Furuy T. Kikuchi H. Matsushit K. Tanabe 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1990,2(1):27-39
A study has been made on elements organic constituents, TSP, SO2,NO2 of atmospheric pollutants in Beijing. 17 elements, and some PAHs, e. g. B(a)P, B(b, j, k)P, and B(g, h, i)P, in airborne particles by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and HPLC, GC/MS, have been determined respectively. It has been shown that the elements Pb, Zn, S and Cu were more enriched in fine particles and different valence states of sulfur at various sites. It was found that the concentrations of S6+ and S2-were more than 85% and less than 15% of the total sulfur respectively. Concentrations of major PAHs and sulfur-containing compounds increased in winter and in urban area. High values for Pb and Zn in city, Fe and Mn at industrial area and Cu, Al rural sites were obtained respectively. This implies the functions of different elemental sources of various sites. Thus, elements can be from distingushed anthropogenic and natural sources.The main contribution of SO2 was found of to have same seasonal variation as the anthropogenic el 相似文献
912.
913.
914.
本研究以重金属化合物(CdCl_2、PbCl_2)和矿物油作为土壤的污染物,分析土壤中镉、铅、油的含量对土壤微生物类群与生化活性的影响。结果表明,镉、铅、油对水旱田中的细菌抑制作用比较明显,对放线菌、真菌抑制作用较差。小剂量的镉、铅、油对固氮菌有刺激作用,大剂量则有抑制作用。对尿酶和硝化细菌的代谢有明显抑制作用,对其它酶类不明显。 从含重金属的平板培养基上反映出土壤对重金属的掩蔽作用。污染物对微生物的生化活性的临界毒害浓度分别为:镉 5—60ppm;铅 300—500ppm;油 500—5000ppm。 相似文献
915.
916.
热带假丝酵母314号固定化细胞分解苯酚的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
1.比较了三种生长培养基对热带假丝酵母314号细胞分解苯酚活力的影响。在以苯酚为碳源的培养基中生长的细胞酶活力较高,125mg湿细胞一小时可分解苯酚5425.8μg。用3.0%的琼脂固定化后,固定化细胞酶的相对活力为44.4%。诱导能显著地提高固定化细胞的酶活力,最适的诱导时间为12—18个小时。 2.比较了固定化细胞和自然细胞的某些性质。两种细胞反应的最适温度均为37℃;反应的pH范围均在3.5—11之间;固定化细胞热稳定性稍差;Cu~(2 )和Zn~(2 )对自然细胞的活性有一定抑制作用;CN-明显抑制两种细胞酶活力。 3.固定化细胞装柱后连续处理浓度约为150ppm的苯酚溶液,20天内的出水酚浓度平均为0.29ppm,在此条件下固定化细胞的半衰期为11天。 4.连续处理苯酚过程中,固定化细胞所丧失的酶活力可以通过再培养得到恢复。 相似文献
917.
918.
CHANG Guo-hua CHEN Hao CHEN Hai-liu LI Wei PAN Gang State Key Laboratory of Environmemal Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(9):1028-1031
Toxic effect of Zn(Ⅱ)on a green alga(ChloreUa pyrenoidosa)in the presence of sepiolite and kaolinite was investigated.The Zn-free clays were found to have a negative impact on the growth of C.pyrenoidosa in comparison with control samples(without adding any clay or Zn(Ⅱ)).When Zn(Ⅱ)was added,the algae in the presence of clays could be better survived than the control samples,which was actually caused by a decrease in Zn(Ⅱ)concentration in the solution owing to the adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ)on the clays.When the solution system was diluted,the growth of algae could be further inhibited as compared to that in a system which had the same initial Zn(Ⅱ)concentration as in the diluted system.This in fact resulted from desorption of Zn(Ⅱ)from the zinc-contaminated clays,although the effect varied according to the different desorption capabilities of sepiolite and kaolinite.Therefore the adsorption and desorption processes of Zn(Ⅱ)played an important part in its toxicity,and adsorption and desorption of pollutants on soils/sediments should be well considered in natural eco-environmental systems before their risk of toxicity to aquatic organisms was assessed objectively. 相似文献
919.
运用A Tessier逐步化学连续提取法,研究了珠江口沉积物中各种生物有效性硅:Ⅰ-可交换离子态、Ⅱ-碳酸盐结合态、Ⅲ-铁锰氧化物结合态、Ⅳ-有机质和硫化物结合态.研究表明:表层沉积物中,Ⅲ为优势赋存态.在沉积柱C2中,Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ随深度变化无规律性,Ⅲ随深度先升高后下降,Ⅳ表层含量较高,到达一定深度(18 cm左右)后骤降.释放试验表明:振荡在一定时间内有利于硅释放;而盐度对硅释放的影响比较复杂,低盐度(5%以内),随盐度升高,释放量下降.当盐度继续升高时释放量又增加,但高盐度对硅释放影响不大;硅的释放在pH值=3~8范围内随着pH值升高而减少. 相似文献
920.
Fan Jinhong Xu Wenying Gao Tingyao Ma Luming 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(4):504-508
Iron and copper bimetallic system (catalyzed Fe-Cu process) is a promising technology for alkaline nitrobenzene-containing
wastewater treatment. However, little is currently known about the changes of treatment efficiency with time going. This research
investigated the long-term performance of the catalyzed Fe-Cu process to reduce nitrobenzene (NB) in alkaline wastewater.
In addition, the changes of the metal surfaces morphologies and matters before and after the reaction were analyzed by scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with energy-dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD).
The results showed that the surface properties of copper almost remained unchanged after weeks of operation, which spelled
its strong chemical stability and resistance to poisoning. Moreover, the results indicated that there were two reasons for
the treatment efficiency decreasing with time. One was the gradual iron element consumption due to corrosion. The other was
iron reactivity weakened due to the precipitates accumulation on the surfaces that were mainly Fe3O4 and FeCO.
__________
Translated from Environmental Pollution & Control, 2006, 28(10): 783–785 [译自: 环境污染与防治] 相似文献