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91.
Koehlé-Divo Vanessa Pain-Devin Sandrine Bertrand Carole Devin Simon Mouneyrac Catherine Giambérini Laure Sohm Bénédicte 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):15174-15186
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cerium dioxide nanomaterials (CeO2 NMs) are used in different fields and incorporated in daily products. Several studies highlighted their effects on... 相似文献
92.
The biological defence mechanism called MXR or MXD for multixenobiotic resistance or defence protects cells against the entry and the accumulation of xenobiotics. As the defence is modulated by man made chemicals, MXR is used as a biomarker of organisms' exposure to environmental contamination. However, to reliably assess and evidence MXR induction, the use of a reference level is required. In this context, we focused on MXR background level in a freshwater bivalve, the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha, in order to propose its use as a reference during MXR evaluation. We monitored the MXR transport activity in mussels collected either in a natural population or in a caged population and then transplanted to clean water in the laboratory. The results showed that MXR activity was decreased to its baseline level after an eight to nine day depuration period (13.1+/-3.1; 7+/-2.6; 13.7+/-3.9 pmol RB min(-1)org(-1) after three experiments of laboratory depurations). Moreover, significant MXR induction was measured in depurated zebra mussels exposed to contaminated sites (39.6+/-3.7; 59.2+/-20.3 pmol RB min(-1)org(-1) after two experiments of field exposure), showing that the laboratory depuration did not affect the induction potential. The MXR responses (decrease as well as increase) occurred in few days and were highly significant, highlighting its reactivity in zebra mussels. Finally, this paper confirms the usefulness of MXR as a tool in biomonitoring studies and provides a protocol for field experiments that enables to establish and use the background level of MXR activity as a reference. 相似文献
93.
94.
Do Thi Nhu Ngoc Ngo Xuan Truong Pham Van Ha Vuong Nhu Luan Le Hoang Anh Pham Chau Thuy Bui Quang Hung Nguyen Thi Nhat Thanh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(10):12067-12081
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry) model is implemented and validated against ground-based observations for meteorological... 相似文献
95.
Ngo Van Long 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2006,11(2):169-177
This paper characterizes the optimal use of productive capacity and optimal investment in environmental quality when the latter has a positive impact on the production process. For the case of a single country, we find conditions under which capital should or should not be fully utilized, and investment in environmental quality should be positive or zero. We then extend the model to the case of two countries playing a non-cooperative dynamic game. The Nash equilibrium turns out to be a dominant-strategy equilibrium. Since this equilibrium is not Pareto efficient, we show how one country may bribe the other country to achieve a better outcome, for example, by refraining from full utilization of capacity. Under certain conditions, the optimal solution requires that a constant fraction of one country's income be used to bribe the other country to scale down its production. 相似文献
96.
Summary. Delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) females lay eggs between the leaves of onion plants or in the soil around the base of the plants,
then the maggots feed on the onion bulb and roots causing rapid secondary infection by fungi and bacteria. It is well known
that the first sensory modality used by the onion fly is vision, therefore the shape (vertical narrow cylinders) and colour
(yellow) of the plant play a crucial role in the recognition of a potential host plant. In the past it has been shown that
n-dipropyl disulfide (Pr2S2), a typical component of onion volatiles, is an important chemical host plant cue. We extracted host leaf surface to verify
if Pr2S2 is the major chemical oviposition stimulant and to determine if other as yet unknown substances may play a role in host-plant
selection. We confirmed that the females laid more eggs around onion plants with leaves than when only the onion bulb was
present and that the odour of chopped onion stimulates oviposition. Extraction of the surface of onion leaves revealed that
only the apolar fraction contained substances that stimulate egg-laying in D. antiqua. GC-EAD analysis indicated that a minor constituent, Pr2S2, is perceived by the olfactory receptor on the antennae of the onion fly females. This confirmed the importance of Pr2S2 as oviposition stimulant. Contact with the polar fraction did not stimulate egg-laying behaviour in this Delia species. We discuss the oviposition strategy of D. antiqua in comparison with its closely related species, D. radicum, in which the oviposition behaviour is stimulated mainly through contact with the cabbage leaf surface and only partially
by the host volatiles. 相似文献
97.
We show that (i) subsidies for renewable energy policies with the intention of encouraging substitution away from fossil fuels may accentuate climate change damages by hastening fossil fuel extraction, and that (ii) the opposite result holds under some specified conditions. We focus on the case of subsidies for renewable resources produced under increasing marginal costs, and assume that both the renewable resources and the fossil fuels are currently in use. Such subsidies have a direct effect and an indirect effect working in opposite directions. The direct effect is the reduction in demand for fossil fuels at any given price. The indirect effect is the reduction in the current equilibrium price for fossil fuels, which tends to increase the amount of fossil fuels demanded. Whether the sum of the two effects will actually result in an earlier or later date of exhaustion of the stock of fossil fuels depends on the curvature of the demand curve for energy and of the supply curve for the renewable substitute. 相似文献
98.
John M. Hartwick Ngo Van Long Huilan Tian 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2001,41(3):235
Our economy faces world prices and starts with a large endowment of land in forest and a small endowment of land in agriculture. Clearing of forested land yields marketable timber and a unit of land for agriculture. Early, the high price of agricultural land drives the clearing process. Later, the profit from marketing timber from the cleared land drives the process. Dates of “phase transitions” are endogenous. We also set out a submodel of perpetual cyclic clearing and reforesting, and show that it when cyclical harvesting—regrowing is optimal, the extent of clearing can be relatively large. 相似文献
99.
Intensification of farming practices is still a major driver of biodiversity loss in Europe, despite the implementation of policies that aim to reverse this trend. A conceptual framework called MIRABEL was previously developed that enabled a qualitative and expert-based assessment of the impact of agricultural intensification on ecologically valuable habitats. We present a quantitative update of the previous assessment that uses newly available pan-European spatially explicit data on pressures and habitats at risk. This quantitative assessment shows that the number of calcareous grasslands potentially at risk of eutrophication and overgrazing is rapidly increasing in Europe. Decreases in nitrogen surpluses and stocking densities that occurred between 1990 and 2000 have rarely led to values that were below the ecological thresholds. At the same time, a substantial proportion of calcareous grassland that has so far experienced low values for indicators of farming intensification has faced increases between 1990 and 2000 and could well become at high risk from farming intensification in the near future. As such, this assessment is an early warning signal, especially for habitats located in areas that have traditionally been farmed extensively. When comparing the outcome of this assessment with the previous qualitative MIRABEL assessment, it appears that if pan-European data are useful to assess the intensity of the pressures, more work is needed to identify regional variations in the response of biodiversity to such pressures. This is where a qualitative approach based on regional expertise should be used to complement data-driven assessments. 相似文献
100.
Zhuo CHEN Huu Hao NGO Wenshan GUO Xiaochang WANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2013,7(4):608-615
Recycled water provides a viable opportunity to partially supplement fresh water supplies as well as substantially alleviate environmental loads. Currently, thousands of recycled water schemes have been successfully conducted in a number of countries and Sydney is one of the leading cities, which has made massive effort to apply water reclamation, recycling and reuse. This study aims to make a comprehensive analysis of recycled water schemes in Sydney for a wide range of end uses such as landscape irrigation, industrial process uses and residential uses (e.g., golf course irrigation, industrial cooling water reuse, toilet flushing and clothes washing etc.). For each representative recycled water scheme, this study investigates the involved wastewater treatment technologies, the effluent quality compared with specified guideline values and public attitudes toward different end uses. Based on these obtained data, multi criteria analysis (MCA) in terms of risk, cost-benefit, environmental and social aspects can be performed. Consequently, from the analytical results, the good prospects of further expansion and exploration of current and new end uses were identified toward the integrated water planning and management. The analyses could also help decision makers in making a sound judgment for future recycled water projects. 相似文献