城市旅游区暴雨径流污染过程中的不透水面效应

选取武汉市动物园4种典型的不透水面暴雨径流污染特征进行了系统的研究，以期为旅游区面源污染危害评价和治理提供基本的依据。结果表明，动物园4种不透水面初期径流污染物浓度很高，COD最大值达1140mg／L，下垫面类型及地表累积污染物是影响径流水质的主要因素。通过无量纲累积曲线的分析，表明旅游区不透水面径流初期冲刷严重，该曲线还为面源治理提供了重要的工程参数。     

Disinfection performance of chlorine dioxide gas at ultra-low concentrations and the decay rules under different environmental factors

ABSTRACT

Gaseous chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) is one of the most promising air disinfectants. In this study, an ultra-low concentration of ClO₂ gas (< 1.2 mg/m³) was generated in an office at various levels of humidity and illuminance to investigate the decay law. The disinfection efficiency and metal corrosiveness of ultra-low concentrations of ClO₂ gas were also studied using an experimental chamber. At 48% and 75% humidity, the decay rate constants of ClO₂ gas were 0.0034 min^?1 and 0.0036 min^?1, respectively. The rate of decline of the ClO₂ concentration increased as the humidity of the environment increased. The decay rate constant of ClO₂ gas at an illuminance of 76 lux and 3429 lux was 0.0034 min^?1 and 0.00427 min^?1, respectively; hence, the decay rate increased with increased illumination. At a humidity of 72% and illuminance of 2112 lux, the decay rate constant reached 0.00880 min^?1. The effects of humidity and illuminance on the attenuation of the ClO₂ concentration were strongly synergistic. When the gas concentration was maintained below 0.9 mg/m³, the disinfection rate of ClO₂ on bacteria (P. aeruginosa, V. mimicus and S. aureus) exceeded 99.9%; thus, ClO₂ gas exhibited a high disinfection efficiency. In addition, there was no corrosion to various metals by ClO₂ under the same conditions. Consequently, gaseous ClO₂ at ultra-low concentrations has a high sterilization efficiency and is non-corrosive to metals.     

Evaluation of plant availability of soil trace metals by chemical fractionation and multiple regression analysis

Soil samples with a range of chemical and physical properties were collected from 10 different rural regions of China. Trace metals (Ni, Co, Cu, and Pb) in the soils were partitioned by a sequential extraction procedure into Mg(NO(3))(2) extractable (F1), CH(3)COONa extractable (F2), NH(2)OH.HCl extractable (F3), HNO(3)?H(2)O(2) extractable (F4), and residual (F5) fractions. Chemical fractionation showed that F1 fraction of the metals was less than 1% and residue was the dominant form for Cu and Ni in all samples, and for Co in most of the samples. Significant interrelationships of the fractions varied considerably with the different metals. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) had been grown on the soils in a pot-culture experiment under greenhouse conditions for 40 days. Metal availability to the plants was evaluated by simple and multiple regression analysis. The Mg(NO(3))(2) extractable Co (F1) was significantly correlated with Co concentrations in different parts of wheat and in the whole of alfalfa. For the other metals, the independent variables of the multiple regression models, chosen by stepwise selection, were given as: F1 and F2 + F3 + F4 for Ni; F1, F2 + F3 and F4 for Cu; and F3 + F4 for Pb. The results of this study demonstrate that the sequential extraction procedure, in conjunction with multiple regression models using a combination of correlated fractions as an independent variable, may be useful for the prediction of plant absorption of trace metals in soils.     

信息不对称条件下企业物流外包过程的风险和防范

结合信息不对称理论 ,研究了物流外包过程中风险产生的途径和规律 ,从对第三方物流企业依赖程度入手 ,分析了多重外包、分散外包的风险模型讨论 ,提出了抽象的物流量的概念 ,将复杂的物流作业看成是量化了的、一般的物流作业。通过分析风险的成因 ,提出了 1 0种降低外包风险的途径 ,为企业物流外包决策提供参考。     

胡杨、灰叶胡杨不同种源苗期生长动态研究

采用Logistic曲线对胡杨、灰叶胡杨不同种源苗高与地径生长进行拟合,并估测了速生期的2个拐点及其长度。结果表明:①高、径生长均符合"S"型曲线,年生长可划分为生长初期、速生期、硬化期三个时期;②径生长速生期起始时间均早于高生长,而结束时间要晚于高生长;③胡杨高、径生长速生期起始、结束时间均早于灰叶胡杨,并且持续天数也低于灰叶胡杨。     

合成橡胶生产废水处理技术

分析了合成橡胶生产废水的水质特性，综述了混凝沉降、混凝气浮、生物处理、电解絮凝、吸附和反渗透等方法在橡胶废水处理方面的应用。     

冲裁模的间隙调整方法

此文根据冲裁模生产实际需要,综合阐述了凸凹模间隙的调整方法。     

氯代芳香化合物生物降解性能研究

本文研究了8种氯代芳香化合物的生物降解性能机理，试验结果表明：污水处理厂年取的未驯化污泥对所选氯代芳香化合物表现出抑制作用，氯苯，邻二氯苯，间二氯苯驯化污泥，除对二氯苯外，其驯化产生微生物均能有效降解或诱导降解所选基质，但对二氯苯仍难于降解，对二氯苯驯化的污泥可有效降解所选全部有机物，且其降解速率常数相应大于其他污泥的耗氧速率常数，在这几种驯化污泥中，对二氯苯驯化污泥对所选氯代芳香化合物的生物降解性能最好。     

Ca~(2+)、Al~(3+)对聚丙烯酰胺在高岭土絮凝过程中作用的影响

在实验条件下,Ca~(2+)、Al~(3+)离子对高岭土的絮凝过程有不利影响,且pH越高Ca~(2+)的影响越大,pH越低,Al~(3+)的影响越大.运用分子轨道(MO)理论、溶液化学计算、电子探针测试等手段,研究探讨了其作用机理.认为在酸性和中性范围内,Ca~(2+)、Al~(3+)离子及它们的羟基络合正离子与聚丙烯酰胺之间的相互作用造成后者分子链发生卷曲,导致絮凝效果下降;而在pH>9范围内,Ca~(2+)、Al~(3+)的氢氧化物沉积在高岭土表面,阻碍或抑制了聚丙烯酰胺与高岭土之间的氢键作用.     

数字地磁资料在地震预测中应用研究

本文应用天津市静海数字地磁资料进行了震例研究，初步结果表明：震前地磁脉动转换函数，有明显的短临异常，且有典型的异常形态，数字地磁资料预报地震确是很有前途的地震短临预报新方法。地磁脉动预报地震是很有前途的地震预报新方法，它将会使以磁报震的研究工作取得新的进展。