海洋生态资产属性与价值特征的浅析

通过对生态资产的定义与内涵分析,从收益性、稀缺性、权属性等方面分析了海洋生态系统的资产属性.与一般的资产相比较,系统探讨了海洋生态资产的价值特征.本文认为,海洋生态资产价值具有动态性、持续产出性、人类活动影响的敏感性、整体性、难以计量性等特点.指出海洋生态资产的价值度量与管理必须充分考虑这些特征,才能实现理论的深化与技术的改进.     

“十二五”地表水国家环境监测网络吉林省水环境国控监测点位布设的构想

根据国家环境质量监测网络,对十二五地表水环境质量监测断面调整工作要求,吉林省在辖区内所有水环境质量监测断面及采样点基础上,完成了松花江流域和辽河流域国控监测断面的优化调整工作。在此过程中,如何从国家尺度上,既能充分反映吉林省水环境质量状况,又能满足国家对地表水环境管理需求进行了深入思考。本文以吉林省为例,在确定国控监测断面及采样点的布设中,提出了自己的构想和建议。     

一起水煤气中毒事故原因分析

1事故发生背景乙公司用甲公司生产的水煤气作补充原料生产甲醇,在正常生产时,甲公司通过管道向乙公司供应水煤气。一周前,由于生产故障,甲公司停止向乙公司供气,生产故障     

室内氡子体浓度的动态观测

采用Markov快速潜能法,观测了武汉市某一建筑物室内氡子体浓度随季节和昼夜的变化规律.结果表明:全年(215天)室内氡子体浓度呈正态分布,24小时内最大值与最小值之比为2.9,月均值在年均值±60％内变化.对气压、气温、日照、相对湿度等气象因素的影响也进行了初步探讨.     

An application of Bayesian variable selection to spatial concurrent linear models

Spatial concurrent linear models, in which the model coefficients are spatial processes varying at a local level, are flexible and useful tools for analyzing spatial data. One approach places stationary Gaussian process priors on the spatial processes, but in applications the data may display strong nonstationary patterns. In this article, we propose a Bayesian variable selection approach based on wavelet tools to address this problem. The proposed approach does not involve any stationarity assumptions on the priors, and instead we impose a mixture prior directly on each wavelet coefficient. We introduce an option to control the priors such that high resolution coefficients are more likely to be zero. Computationally efficient MCMC procedures are provided to address posterior sampling, and uncertainty in the estimation is assessed through posterior means and standard deviations. Examples based on simulated data demonstrate the estimation accuracy and advantages of the proposed method. We also illustrate the performance of the proposed method for real data obtained through remote sensing.     

大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法在聚酯废气组成分析中的应用

采用直接进样大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法，可同时测定聚酯废气中乙烯、乙醛、乙酸、2－甲基－1，3－二氧戊环、三聚乙醛等污染物含量。进样量为1mL时，方法对乙烯、乙醛、乙酸、2－甲基－1，3－二氧戊环、三聚乙醛的最低检出浓度分别为1.0mg/m^3,2.3mg/m^3,7.3mg/m^3,2.7mg/m^3,3.3mg/m^3，回标回收率为92.0%-97.9%，相对标准偏差为1.8%-2.9%。对某煤厂聚酯废气进行实测，取得了较为满意的结果。     

一体式膜生物反应器处理生活污水的中试研究

采用中试规模（1.8m^3／d）的缺氧-好氧膜生物反应器（A／OMBR）对城市污水处理回用进行了试验研究。试验结果表明，该工艺处理效果优良，系统对COD、氨氮、浊度、总氮、总磷去除率较高，COD、氨氮出水浓度分别为7～39 mg/L、0～1.31mg／L。出水水质优于城市杂用水水质标准（GB／T18920-2002）。     

东南沿海基底杂岩的同位素年代学研究

系统研究同位素年龄结果表明,中国东南中生代火山岩盖层下普遍存在着前寒武系古老地层,变质杂岩最大年龄约为1900Ma,属早元古界晚期——中元古界早期。双溪坞组“底部”的英安质霏细斑岩的年龄,与上墅组的同位素年龄接近。象山石浦的硅质岩“天窗时代”应属震旦系地层,可与“灯影灰岩”对比。同位素年龄还揭示,华南地区有加里东旋回和印支旋回热事件的信息。基底杂岩的Nd同位素表明,前加里东期变质岩,大多数属大洋火山——硅质建造。它们表现出大的富集因子,和高的~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd.因此,不能说凡是有古老基底杂岩存在,就与克拉通或古陆等同。在中国东南板块内基底杂岩大多数在加里东造山褶皱期之前都处于活动“地槽”期,真正形成大陆地壳是在加里东期之后。Nd同位素资料还证明,不同微板块构造区地幔表现出明显的不均一性。     

Human hair mercury levels in the Wanshan mercury mining area,Guizhou Province,China

The total mercury (T-Hg) and methyl mercury (Me-Hg) concentrations in the hair were measured to evaluate mercury (Hg) exposure for the residents in Da-shui-xi Village (DSX) and Xia-chang-xi Village (XCX) in the Wanshan Hg mining area, Guizhou Province, Southwestern China. The mean concentrations in the hair of DSX residents were 5.5 ± 2.7 μg/g and 1.9 ± 0.9 μg/g for T-Hg and Me-Hg, respectively. The concentrations in the hair of XCX residents were 3.3 ± 1.4 μg/g and 1.2 ± 0.5 μg/g for T-Hg and Me-Hg, respectively. Hair Me-Hg concentrations were significantly correlated to T-Hg (r = 0.42, P < 0.01) in the two sites; on average, hair Me-Hg concentration accounted for 40 and 44% of T-Hg for DSX and XCX residents, respectively. Age has no obvious correlation with hair Hg and the hair Hg levels showed a significant gender difference, with higher T-Hg and Me-Hg concentrations in the hair from males than females. The rice collected from the two sites showed high levels of T-Hg and Me-Hg concentration. The results indicated a certain Hg exposure for the residents in DSX and XCX in the Wanshan Hg mining area.     

A new marine reptile from the Triassic of China,with a highly specialized feeding adaptation

The Luoping fauna (Anisian, Middle Triassic) is probably the oldest of Triassic faunas in Guizhou–Yunnan area, China. The reptilian assemblage is comprised of ichthyosaurs, a number of sauropterygians (pachypleurosaur-like forms), saurosphargids, protorosaurs, and archosauriforms. Here, we report on a peculiar reptile, newly found in this fauna. Its dentition is fence or comb-like and bears more than 175 pleurodont teeth in each ramus of the upper and lower jaws, tooth crown is needle-like distally and blade-shaped proximally; its rostrum strongly bends downward and the anterior end of its mandible expands both dorsally and ventrally to form a shovel-headed structure; and its ungual phalanges are hoof-shaped. The specializations of the jaws and dentition indicate that the reptile may have been adapted to a way of bottom-filter feeding in water. It is obvious that such delicate teeth are not strong enough to catch prey, but were probably used as a barrier to filter microorganisms or benthic invertebrates such as sea worms. These were collected by the specialized jaws, which may have functioned as a shovel or pushdozer (the mandible) and a grasper or scratcher (the rostrum). Our preliminary analysis suggests that the new reptile might be more closely related to the Sauropterygia than to other marine reptiles.