添加VT菌剂和有机物料腐熟剂对堆肥的影响

通过在高温好氧堆肥中分别添加VT菌剂和有机物料腐熟剂,研究接种3‰的VT菌剂和有机物料腐熟剂促进堆肥的作用效果。结果表明,接种VT菌剂的处理与空白和接种有机物料腐熟剂的处理相比,堆肥初期升温更快;高温期更长;堆肥结束时,C/N降低的多,NO3-N增加的多,NH4+-N挥发的少,接种VT菌剂和VT有机物料腐熟剂都可促进有机质的充分降解,缩短堆肥时间,加快堆肥腐熟,提高堆肥肥力。     

强酸性硫化砷废渣的稳定固化

采用污泥、石灰、氧化镁和水泥等药剂稳定固化强酸性硫化砷废渣(简称砷渣)。以浸出液中砷的质量浓度为考核指标,采用正交实验考察了稳定化药剂加入量对废渣浸出毒性的影响。实验结果表明:污泥加入量是影响废渣浸出毒性的最主要因素;在m(污泥):m(砷渣)=2.0、m(石灰):m(砷渣)=1.0、m(氧化镁):m(砷渣)=0.10、m(水泥):m(砷渣)=0.3的最佳实验条件下,砷的浸出质量浓度由1780.00 mg/L降至1.37 mg/L,低于GB 18598—2001《危险废物填埋污染控制标准》中砷浸出质量浓度为2.5 mg/L的填埋限值;处理后废渣中其他金属的浸出质量浓度也低于标准限值。     

A~2/O＋硫磺填料柱组合工艺脱氮除磷的效果

以某城市污水厂进水为研究对象,采用A2/O＋硫磺填料反应柱组合工艺,考察其对COD、总氮、总磷以及溶解性磷处理效果的改善。组合工艺出水水质稳定后,连续运行55 d,并对工艺的出水进行常规指标分析。结果表明：组合工艺的脱氮除磷效果较单个A2/O工艺都得到了较大的改善,而COD去除效果变化不大。A2/O系统对COD有良好的去除效果,出水的COD平均去除率能达到94%;TN和TP去除效果相对较差,出水平均去除率分别为60%和57.4%。经硫磺填料反应柱的脱氮除磷作用,系统出水TN去除率提高到84%,TP去除率提高到69.8%,COD去除率变化不大,升高到95.3%。     

Occurrence and removal of N-nitrosodimethylamine and its precursors in wastewater treatment plants in and around Shanghai

Six wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） were investigated to evaluate the occurrence and removal of N-nitrosodimethylamine （NDMA）, NDMA formation potential （FP） and four specific NDMA precursors, dimethylamine （DMA）, trimethylamine （TMA）, dimethyl- formamide （DMFA） and dimethylaminobenzene （DMAB）. DMA and tertiary amines with DMA functional group commonly existed in municipal wastewater. Chemically enhanced primary process （CEPP） had no effect on removal of either NDMA or NDMA FP. In WWTPs with secondary treatment processes, considerable variability was observed in the removal of NDMA （19%-85%） and NDMA FP （16%-76%）, moreover, there was no definite relationship between the removal of NDMA and NDMA FP. DMA was well removed in all the six surveyed WWTPs; its removal efficiency was greater than 97%. For the removal of tertiary amines, biologic treatment processes with nitrification and denitrification had better removal efficiency than conventional activated sludge process. The best removal efficiencies for TMA, DMFA and DMAB were 95%, 68% and 72%, respectively. CEPP could remove 73% of TMA, 23% of DMFA and 36% of DMAB. After UV disinfection, only 17% of NDMA was removed due to low dosage of UV was applied in WWTP. Although chlorination could reduce NDMA precursors, NDMA concentration was actually increased after chlorination.     

兰州地区DDT的环境多介质迁移和归趋模拟

利用Level Ⅲ逸度模型模拟了稳态假设下DDT在兰州地区大气、水体、土壤和沉积物中的浓度分布.根据模拟结果计算了相间迁移通量.结果表明:农业施用是该区域DDT的主要来源,其主要的迁移过程是气-土沉降、气-水沉降、土壤侵蚀,土壤中降解和大气平流输出,这是DDT从研究区域消失的主要途径.土壤中DDT占总残留量的99.83%.在大气、水体、土壤和沉积物中的浓度分别为2.80×10-11 mol·m-3,2.72×10-7 mol·m-3,2.47×10-3mol·m-3和3.16×10-5mol·m-3.模型计算浓度与同期实测浓度吻合较好,验证了模型的可靠性,并通过灵敏度分析,确定了模型的关键参数.     

一体式膜生物反应器处理生活污水的中试研究

采用中试规模(1.8 m3/d)的缺氧-好氧膜生物反应器(A/O MBR)对城市污水处理回用进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,该工艺处理效果优良,系统对COD、氨氮、浊度、总氮、总磷去除率较高,COD、氨氮出水浓度分别为7～39 mg/L、0～1.31 mg/L.出水水质优于城市杂用水水质标准(GB/T18920-2002).     

Enhanced adsorption properties of organic ZnCr-LDH synthesized by soft template method for anionic dyes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Organic ZnCr-LDH (ST-LDH) was synthesized by a facile one-step hydrothermal technique using methyl orange (MO) as a soft template agent, which can...     

On function-on-function regression: partial least squares approach

Environmental and Ecological Statistics - Functional data analysis tools, such as function-on-function regression models, have received considerable attention in various scientific fields because...     

Effect of calcium on adsorption capacity of powdered activated carbon

We investigated the effect of calcium ion on the adsorption of humic acid (HA) (as a target pollutant) by powered activated carbon. The HA adsorption isotherms at different pH and kinetics of two different solutions including HA alone and HA doped Ca²⁺, were performed. It was showed that the adsorption capacity of powdered activated carbon (PAC) for HA was markedly enhanced when Ca²⁺ was doped into HA. Also, HA and Ca²⁺ taken as nitrate were tested on the uptake of each other respectively and it was showed that the adsorbed amounts of both of them were significantly promoted when HA and calcium co-existed. Furthermore, the adsorbed amount of HA slightly decreased with the increasing of Ca²⁺ concentration, whereas the amount of calcium increased with the increasing of HA concentration, but all above the amounts without addition. Finally, the change of pH before and after adsorption process is studied. In the two different solutions including HA alone and HA doped Ca²⁺, pH had a small rise, but the extent of pH of later solution was bigger.     

天山北坡中段天然草场牧草产量遥感动态监测模式

本文用1989-1991年在天山北坡不同草场类型上观测的牧草产量与光谱资料以及同步接收的 NOAA/AVHRR资料,计算了牧草产量与各种植被指数的相关系数。结果表明,天然草场牧草产量与各种植被指数存在显著相关,并建立天然草场牧草产量动态监测光谱模型;牧草干重和鲜重与气象卫星比值植被指数的相关系数达0.7597和0.8066;建立牧草产量卫星遥感监测模型,可用于天然草场牧草产量的动态监测。