Bioconcentration study of Xinjunan in zebrafish

An experiment was carried out to determine the acute toxicity and bioconcentration factor of Xinjunan in zebrafish under semi-static test method. The result of the 96-h LC(50) values (0.31 mg/L), at 95% confidence limit, revealed that Xinjunan was highly toxic. Bioconcentration factor after 8 days exposure, 451.0 and 273.2, respectively, at two concentrations, were at medium bioconcentration range. To determine Xinjunan residues in water and fish, a method was developed by using a liquid-liquid distribution and a cationic exchange solid-phase extraction method to extract and clean up Xinjunan in fish, and then using a weak cationic exchange column with gradient elution and second-order mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring mode detection. This method found a good linear relationship (r > 0.99), the lowest limit of quantification with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10:1 was 0.02 [Formula: see text]g/L in water and 5 [Formula: see text]g/kg in fish, the recovery ranged from 97% to 109% for water and fish at different levels with a coefficient of variation less than 5%. The accuracy, precision, and lowest limit of detection of the method used for residue analysis of Xinjunan in water and fish can meet environmental exposure monitoring requirements. The results of the acute toxicity and bioconcentration provide a basis for environmental risk analysis of Xinjunan.     

Experts' perspective on the performance of Chinese technical guidelines for Plan Environmental Impact Assessment

This research was to evaluate the Technical Guideline (HJ/T130-2003) effectiveness based on data resource from a questionnaire survey and interviews on EIA experts. The result demonstrated that the guideline served mainly as a quality control measure for PEIA products, and only a small proportion of experts considered it effective due to its inconsistency with the newly released Chinese PEIA Regulation (2009) and poor practicability. Current status of SEA implementation in China was also studied in terms of application fields, effectiveness evaluation, and major issues to affect SEA, to conclude that SEA implementation in China is premature, and with limited effectiveness. The major problem was the lack of effective methodologies and technical tools. Recommendations for revising the PEIA Guideline and advices to improving SEA implementation in China were accordingly proposed.     

Toxicological assessment of TiO2 nanoparticles by recombinant Escherichia coli bacteria

Rapid and efficient methods to assess nanoparticle toxicity are desired in current research. Here we showed that Escherichia coli labeled by green fluorescent protein can be a good model bacterium for assessing acute toxicity of TiO(2) (about 50% inhibition ratios after 135 min exposure). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that TiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) can influence certain protein expression in the recombinant bacterium, and the obvious effects in repressed expression and elevated expression were observed in 30/40, 10/20 μg mL(-1) treated cells, respectively. However, the GFP expression (27 kD) was not influenced by introduced TiO(2) NPs. The change of the fluorescence intensity may be caused by the damage in folding and chromophore formation of the GFP post-translational modification due to generated reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, TiO(2) NPs at higher concentrations decreased their toxicity because of aggregation. 20 μg mL(-1) humic acid (HA) introduced to the medium can decrease the fluorescent inhibition owing to the barrier of steric hindrance it provides between NPs and cells.     

长三角地区2000 — 2019年黑碳排放核算及其不确定性

基于国家能源活动统计资料,使用排放因子法建立了长三角地区2000—2019年黑碳排放清单,并利用Monte Carlo方法量化排放因子对黑碳排放核算的影响及不确定性。研究结果表明：（1）近20 a长三角地区总黑碳排放量由10.72×10⁷ kg（2000年）增加至12.54×10⁷ kg（2019年）,增长了16.98%;黑碳排放源结构发生显著变化,2000年居民生活是长三角地区最主要的黑碳排放源（占42.2%）;自2006年开始工业逐渐成为研究区最主要的黑碳排放源,2019年工业排放占长三角地区黑碳排放总量的63.2%。（2）长三角地区黑碳排放存在明显的空间分异。总体而言,江苏省黑碳排放总量和人均黑碳排放强度居长三角地区首位,安徽省单位GDP黑碳排放最高,上海市单位面积黑碳排放强度最高,而浙江省人均和单位面积黑碳排放强度最低。（3）考虑黑碳排放核算过程中排放因子的取值差异,2019年长三角地区黑碳排放总量为7.13×10⁷—14.49×10⁷ kg（95%置信区间）,相对不确定性为?33.50%—35.11%。工业排放因子是长三角黑碳排放核算不确定性的主要贡献者。     

吉林省循环农业发展的研究

吉林省是农业大省,农业要实现持续发展,很重要的是资源的可持续利用,发展循环农业能以最小的成本获得最大的经济效益和生态效益,对于吉林省改善农村生产、生活、生态环境有着非常重要的作用和意义。本文阐述了循环农业的概念及基本原则,分析了吉林省农业经济现状,并根据吉林省自身农业特点,并从推进工农业复合循环经济、发展生态农业、建设农业循环经济示范园区等三方面提出吉林省循环农业发展的方向,最后提出发展循环农业相关建议。     

北盘江梯级水电开发对陆生生态的影响研究

水电开发工程在当今社会发展中发挥着重要作用,尤其是梯级水电开发,但是其发展对环境的影响更是备受关注。本文以北盘江梯级水电开发项目为研究对象,主要采用3S技术研究方法,针对流域梯级水电开发对陆生生态系统的影响进行分析,确定陆生生态环境影响评价识别因子,做出针对植物、植被,陆生动物,黑叶猴自然保护区和自然景观生态体系影响的具体分析。经研究结果表明：梯级电站建设主要不利影响是改变了河流自然生态系统,对适应原生境的动物造成不利影响,使其栖息地缩小或丧失,水库淹没和施工占地及移民安置活动对区域土地资源、自然保护区的影响,对自然景观生态体系的影响。     

静态清灰袋式除尘技术的产业化推广问题探讨

介绍了由我国自主研制的静态清灰袋式除尘技术,并从该技术自身的技术经济优势以及趋严的工业烟尘排放标准两个方面分析得出静态清灰袋式除尘技术的产业化推广应用具有良好的基础,进而结合该专利技术拥有企业自身的情况,探讨了4种可能的产业化推广模式,并对相应的市场效果进行了分析和预测。结果表明对该技术实施产业化推广是可行的。     

内蒙古典型草原和锡林河湿地群落非生长季土壤呼吸特征对比研究

本文监测了内蒙古典型草原和锡林河湿地群落非生长季土壤呼吸速率的日动态变化;同时对大气和土壤的温度变化进行测量.研究发现两类群落在非生长季的土壤呼吸速率的变化方式均为单峰模式.典型草原土壤呼吸速率显著低于同期湿地的土壤呼吸速率(P=0.01).典型草原土壤呼吸速率对温度的相关性为0.48,低于湿地的0.86.