论我国气象法的属性及气象资源

就我国气象法，提出了它的三个属性－经济，行政，国际，并讨论了气象资源服务的四个方面：经济建设，国防建设，社会发展和人民生活。     

新农药环境化学行为研究(Ⅶ)除草剂哌草丹(Dimepiperate)在土壤、水环境中的滞留、转化

研究了除草剂哌草丹在土壤、水环境中的吸附、脱附、水解及光解过程.结果指出:哌草丹在土壤上的吸附主要受土壤有机质的影响,粘土矿也有一定作用.吸附和脱附均可用Freundlich方程描述;根据降解产物推测了哌草丹的水解和光降解的机理,哌草丹的水解产物为2-苯基丙烯和六氢吡啶等,六氢吡啶可与土壤粘土矿(蒙脱石)作用,并与蒙脱石层间阳离子形成配合物;哌草丹光降解的产物为六氢吡啶、苯乙酮和甲醛.     

Impact of municipal solid waste incineration on heavy metals in the surrounding soils by multivariate analysis and lead isotope analysis

Municipal solid waste(MSW) incineration has become an important anthropogenic source of heavy metals(HMs) to the environment. However, assessing the impact of MSW incineration on HMs in the environment, especially soils, can be a challenging task because of various HM sources. To investigate the effect of MSW incineration on HMs in soils, soil samples collected at different distances from four MSW incinerators in Shanghai, China were analyzed for their contents of eight HMs(antimony, cadmium, chromium, copper,lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc) and lead(Pb) isotope ratios. Source identification and apportionment of HMs were accomplished using principal component analysis and Pb isotope analysis. Results indicated that the relatively high contents of cadmium, lead,antimony, and zinc in the soils at 250 m and 750–1250 m away from the MSW incinerators were related to MSW incineration, while the elevated contents of the other four HMs were associated with other anthropogenic activities. Based on Pb isotope analysis, the contribution ratio of MSW incineration(which had been operated for more than 14 years)to the accumulation of Pb in soil was approximately 10% on average, which was lower than coal combustion only. Incinerator emissions of Pb could have a measurable effect on the soil contamination within a limited area(≤1500 m).     

Advances in coastal ocean boundary layer detection technology and equipment in China

Accurate and comprehensive knowledge of the atmospheric environment and its evolution within the coastal ocean boundary layer are necessary for understanding the sources, chemical mechanisms, and transport processes of air pollution in land, sea, and atmosphere. We present an overview of coastal ocean boundary layer detection technology and equipment in China and summarize the progress and main achievements in recent years. China has developed a series of coastal ocean boundary layer detection t...     

淮河／太湖流域水污染防治的公众参与机制研究

针对准渺太湖流域水污染防治的公众参与问题，在淮河/太湖流域选择有代表性的44个市（县）开展了淮河／太湖流域水污染防治公众意见调查。通过对调查资料的整理分析，得出结果：对于淮河／太湖流域水污染防治工作公众认知度和参与度相对较低，缺乏有效的公众参与机制，在一定程度上影响了水污染防治工作的有效落实。因此在今后的防治工作中要进一步加强公众参与机制的建立，实现人人参与环境保护和管理的局面。     

Size, composition, and mixing state of individual aerosol particles in a South China coastal city

Aerosol samples were collected in summer in Macao,a coastal city of the Pearl River Delta Region in China.Morphology,size,elemental composition,and mixing state of individual aerosol particles were determined by scanning electron microscopy coupled energy dispersive X-ray(SEM/EDX) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Based on the morphologies of 5711 aerosol particles,they consist of soot(32%),mineral(17%),secondary(22%),and unknown fine particles(29%).The sizes of these particles were mostly distributed between 0.1 and 0.4 μm.Compositions of 202 mineral particles were obtained by SEM/EDX.Mineral particles were mainly classified into three types:Si-rich,Ca-rich,and Na-rich.The compositions of typical mineral particles can indicate their sources in sampling location.For example,mineral particles,collected along the main street,were associated with trace amounts of heavy metals,such as Zn,Ti,Mn,Ba,Pb,and As.TEM observations indicate that most Na-rich particles were aged sea salt particles(e.g.,Na2SO4 and NaNO3) which formed through heterogeneous chemical reactions between sea salt and acidic gases.Additionally,aging time of soot was short in Macao due to high humidity,high temperature,and high levels of sunlight in Macao.Most of soot and fine mineral dust particles were internally mixed with secondary particles.     

《海洋的变化:来自大海的呼唤》

艾莉博士的大作《海洋的变化：来自大海的呼唤》是一本伟大的书,它揭示了人类与海洋的关系,对人类与海洋的命运进行了探讨.     

Volatile organic compounds in wintertime North China Plain: Insights from measurements of proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS)

The characteristics of wintertime volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the North China Plain (NCP) region are complicated and remain obscure. VOC measurements were conducted by a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) at a rural site in the NCP from November to December 2018. Uncalibrated ions measured by PTR-ToF-MS were quantified and the overall VOC compositions were investigated by combining the measurements of PTR-ToF-MS and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer/flame ionization detector (GC-MS/FID). The measurement showed that although atmospheric VOCs concentrations are often dominated by primary emissions, the secondary formation of oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) is non-negligible in the wintertime, i.e., OVOCs accounts for 42% ± 7% in the total VOCs (151.3 ± 75.6 ppbV). We demonstrated that PTR-MS measurements for isoprene are substantially overestimated due to the interferences of cycloalkanes. The chemical changes of organic carbon in a pollution accumulation period were investigated, which suggests an essential role of fragmentation reactions for large, chemically reduced compounds during the heavy-polluted stage in wintertime pollution. The changes of emission ratios of VOCs between winter 2011 and winter 2018 in the NCP support the positive effect of “coal to gas” strategies in curbing air pollutants. The high abundances of some key species (e.g. oxygenated aromatics) indicate the strong emissions of coal combustion in wintertime of NCP. The ratio of naphthalene to C8 aromatics was proposed as a potential indicator of the influence of coal combustion on VOCs.     

石化企业工程项目承包商HSE监管模式探讨

石化企业工程项目施工作业过程中,潜在着极大的风险.既具有作业面狭窄、高处作业交叉集中、用火用电频繁的一般特征,又兼具大型吊装、火灾爆炸、危险品泄漏等重大危险因素.由于作业中不可预见因素多、管理难度大,一旦HSE管理不到位,极易发生火灾、爆炸、中毒、环境污染等各类事故.根据石化企业以往所发生事故的统计,承包商违章或对承包商管理环节失控所导致的事故占到相当大的比例.因此对承包商进行全过程、系统化的监控管理非常重要.     

滇西地区上地幔铅同位素组成的确定及其应用

滇西地区基性 超基性岩、碱性岩中的长石、石榴子石、橄榄石等单矿物及羊拉铜矿区二叠世海相玄武岩的铅同位素组成可以代表原始地幔的铅同位素组成 ,由此确定的该区上地幔铅同位素组成变化范围为　2 0 6Pb/2 0 4Pb =1 7.877～1 8.5 0 6,平均 1 8.1 0 8,2 0 7Pb/2 0 4Pb=1 5 .470～1 5 .5 87,平均 1 5 .479,2 0 8Pb/2 0 4Pb=3 7.797～ 3 8.5 67,平均 3 8.1 77。研究发现 ,由于受地壳物质的混染和成岩后U、Th衰变产生的放射成因铅的影响 ,这些幔源岩石全岩铅同位素组成已不能代表原始上地幔的铅同位素组成 ;金顶铅锌矿床的铅并非上地幔来源 ,而是相当于下地壳来源的铅与兰坪盆地沉积岩铅二者的混合铅。