Chemical speciation and anthropogenic sources of ambient volatile organic compounds(VOCs)during summer in Beijing,2004

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at six sites in Beijing in August, 2004. Up to 148 VOC species, including C₃ to C₁₂ alkanes, C₃ to C₁₁ alkenes, C₆ to C₁₂ aromatics, and halogenated hydrocarbons, were quantified. Although the concentrations differed at the sites, the chemical compositions were similar, except for the Tongzhou site where aromatics were significantly high in the air. Based on the source profiles measured from previous studies, the source apportionment of ambient VOCs was preformed by deploying the chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The results show that urban VOCs are predominant from mobile source emissions, which contribute more than 50% of the VOCs (in mass concentrations) to ambient air at most sites. Other important sources are gasoline evaporation, painting, and solvents. The exception is at the Tongzhou site where vehicle exhaust, painting, and solvents have about equal contribution, around 35% of the ambient VOC concentration. As the receptor model is not valid for deriving the sources of reactive species, such as isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, other methodologies need to be further explored.     

垃圾卫生填埋场卫生防护距离标准研究

根据我国大气环境质量标准，参照美国，日本等国对居住区的污染物容许浓度，提出了佛山市南海狮中垃圾卫生填埋卫生防护距离标准的建议值。     

Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) over cinder-based nanoneedle in presence of tartaric acid: Synergistic performance and mechanism

Cr(VI) is a common heavy metal ion, which will seriously harm human body and environment. Therefore, the removal of Cr(VI) has become an attractive topic. In this work, cinder was used as a raw material to synthesize a nanoneedle material: γ-([email protected]) (γ[email protected]). The physicochemical properties of γ[email protected] were thoroughly characterized, and its effectiveness as a catalyst for photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) was evaluated. The results showed that Cr(VI) could be efficiently reduced by γ[email protected] in the presence of tartaric acid (TA) under visible light. The variable factors on the reaction were investigated in detail, and the results showed that under optimal conditions (γ[email protected] 0.4 g/L, TA 0.6 g/L, pH 2), Cr(VI) was completely reduced within 7 min. Besides, scavenger experiments and EPR proved that O₂^{? —} and CO₂^{? —} played a significant role in the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI). TA acts as a sacrificial agent to trap the holes and generate strong reducing free radicals: CO₂^{? —}. Dissolving O₂ could react with electrons to generate O₂^{? —}. This work discussed the performance and mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in detail, which provided a new idea for the resource utilization of solid waste and the treatment of heavy metal sewage.     

刘振河打造核工业发展的安全屏障

我的理想就是推动核工业可持续发展，让人类与自然能够和谐共存。希望在中核集团、政府各部门及社会各界的大力支持下，迅速理顺处置场的产权关系与管理机制，在三废处理领域实施专业公司代建制，在强化自身建设能力基础上，通过实施专业公司专业化运作的机制，尽快在重点三废处理项目。重大核设施退役与环境治理项目上取得突破，用5～10年时间，使清原公司成为技术与管理均为一流的、在国际上有较高知名度的核环保专业公司。[编者按]     

长埔——西岭锡矿资源定量评价模型

本文以长埔——西岭锡矿带的76个矿床为基础从中选取17个已知成型矿床,分别用矢量长度法和最优分割法进行地质变量的优化选择与储量等级规模的划分;采用特征分析与逻辑信息法建立锡矿资源半定量和定量评价广义模型;并对该区59个矿化点进行含矿性及可能矿床规模的定量预测评价,筛选出6个找矿靶区。     

长江口海域悬浮物的分布时空变化特征

本文以１９８６年冬季和夏季两个航次调查资料，研究了长江口吸其毗邻海域的枯丰水期的数百个海不悬浮物样品的成分和分布。悬浮颗粒物浓度变化范围，河口区，夏季为１３４．０－１８９．０ｍｇ’ｄｍ＾３，冬季为７１．６－２９９．０ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３，而海区，冬季为６．９－１２．５display status     

紫外诱变优势菌处理含氯废水

采用紫外诱变技术选育高效降解菌，对未诱变菌和６株诱变菌进行含氯废水的降解性能实验。结果表明：紫外诱变的最佳时间是４０ｓ；变异优势菌４＾＃菌株对含氯废水的ＣＯＤＣｒ和ＴＣ１（总氯）的去除率比未诱变优势菌０＾＃菌株分别提高１０％和２０％；变异菌菌株生长速度快，抗有机氯毒性大大提高。     

甘肃省土地荒漠化状况及分析

采用"多因子数量化评价法"荒漠化评价指标体系,以TM卫星影象数据和1∶5万地形图为调查图,通过建立解译标志库,使用Arcview软件判读解译卫星影象数据和现地调查的方法,对甘肃省荒漠化区域内37个县区于2004年进行了第三次荒漠化监测研究;并在对1999年甘肃省第二次荒漠化监测和2004年第三次荒漠化监测的方法和结果对比分析基础上,对荒漠化土地发展趋势进行了分析结果表明,甘肃省荒漠化土地总面积为19347753.7 hm2,其中风蚀土地面积15619416.6 hm2、水蚀土地面积2881997.2 hm2、盐渍化土地面积691383.5 hm2、冻融土地面积154956.4 hm2;监测区域内荒漠化土地总面积较1999年减少232564.35 hm2,年逆转率0.21%;1999～2004年间土地荒漠化有所逆转,荒漠化程度减轻.     

金属矿床的卤素元素异常及其形成机理——以粤西茶洞银金矿床为例

金属矿床中卤素元素参与了金属元素的活化、迁移到沉淀成矿的全过程。然而 ,除F能作为萤石和云母类矿物的组成部分有时富集于矿石中外 ,Cl、Br、I很难在矿石中富集。在成矿过程中尤其在成矿的后期 ,它们能在矿体上部形成范围较广的卤素扩散晕。在茶洞矿床 ,这种上部扩散晕范围可达 2 0 0m。其中以I扩散范围最大 ,Br扩散晕在距矿体 5 0m～ 130m的范围内最明显 ,Cl扩散晕在距矿体 30m～ 110m范围内最明显。卤素元素的这种变化特点 ,一方面可用来解释成矿热液的演化过程 ,另一方面可用来作为勘查深部隐伏矿体的地球化学标志。成矿流体中卤素元素与金属元素的配合物随着成矿条件的改变而不断被破坏 ,金属元素作为硫化物等矿物的组成部分沉淀下来 ,随着热液蚀变的发生和进行 ,部分卤素元素被带入蚀变带 ,大部分仍残留在流体相 ,在成矿的后期 ,和残余热液一道 ,以排泄和渗透等方式 ,在矿体上方或残余热液流经的途中形成大范围的异常     

Behavior of the herbicide dimepiperate with homoionic clays in aqueous solution

Ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｏｆｔｈｅｈｅｒｂｉｃｉｄｅｄｉｍｅｐｉｐｅｒａｔｅｗｉｔｈｈｏｍｏｉｏｎｉｃｃｌａｙｓｉｎａｑｕｅｏｕｓｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ￥ＬｉｕＷｅｉｐｉｎｇ；ＷａｎｇＱｉｑｕａｎ；ＳｈａｏＹｉｎｇ；ＪｉＪｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉ...