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561.
壳聚糖及其衍生物在工业废水处理中的应用研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
壳聚糖是一种对环境友好同时具有多种特性的天然高分子聚合物。以壳聚糖及其衍生物处理工业废水,安全无毒、可生物降解、无二次污染。对国内外近年来壳聚糖及其衍生物在印染、电镀、食品加工、造纸等工业废水处理方面的研究和应用进展进行了扼要的综述。 相似文献
562.
近年来灾害事件频发,有关灾害信息传播的研究成为传播学的一个热点研究方向,目前我国灾害信息传播的研究角度众多,取得了较为丰硕的成果,但大多还只停留在个案研究层面,系统研究有待加强。本文在分析现状的基础上,提出了整合传播是我国灾害信息传播研究的新方向,并可分出传播渠道整合、传播内容整合和传媒自身整合等众多研究分支。 相似文献
563.
Gaoxiang Ying John J. Sansalone 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(1):35-46
This study investigated the particulate matter (PM) and metals in highway dry deposition and rainfall-runoff as a function
of hydrologic transport and settling on an event basis. Events were differentiated as mass-limited (ML) and flow-limited (FL).
Results indicate that unique and separate suspended sediment concentration (SSC) relationships with turbidity occurred for
ML and FL events. Sixty minutes of quiescent settling produced a single SSC-turbidity relationship for all events. ML events
transport higher proportions of settleable and sediment PM while FL events transported relatively higher suspended PM. For
batch clarification with one hour of settling, ML events had generally higher treatment efficiencies compared to FL events
for the same settling conditions. Highway dry deposition PM was hetero-disperse and coarse (d
50 m = 304 μm). Results indicate that the acidic rainfall is not a significant contributor to metals in runoff but is capable
of leaching metals from dry deposition PM into runoff. Partitioning in retained runoff resulted in a particulate-bound predominance
for most metals except Ca and Mg. While the finer fraction of dry deposition PM (< 75 μm) generates the highest metal concentrations,
the highest metal mass is associated with the coarser fraction (> 75 μm). 相似文献
564.
Two biological aerated filters (BAF) were setup for ammonia removal treatment of the circulation water in a marine aquaculture. One
of the BAFs was bioaugmented with a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium, Lutimonas sp. H10, where the ammonia removal was not
improved and the massive inoculation was even followed by a nitrification breakdown from day 9 to 18. The nitrification was remained
stable in control BAF operated under the same conditions. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted probes and
cultivable method revealed that Lutimonas sp. H10 almost disappeared from the bioaugomented BAF within 3 d, and this was mainly
due to the infection of a specific phage as revealed by flask experiment, plaque assay and transmission electron observation. Analyses
of 16S rRNA gene libraries showed that bacterial groups from two reactors evolved di erently and an overgrowth of protozoa was
observed in the bioaugmented BAF. Therefore, phage infection and poor biofilm forming ability of the inoculated strain are the main
reasons for bioaugmentation failure. In addition, grazing by protozoa of the bacteria might be the reason for the nitrification breakdown
in bioaugmented BAF during day 9–18. 相似文献
565.
Accumulation of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) in six rice cultivars (94D-22, 94D-54, 94D-64, Gui630, YY-1 and KY1360) was evaluated through exposure to heavy metal contamination (100 mg/kg Cu, 1.0 mg/kg Cd, and 100 mg/kg Cu + 1.0 mg/kg Cd) in a greenhouse. The dry weight of shoot and root, concentrations of Cu and Cd in plant tissues and the Cu, Cd, P, Fe concentrations in the root surface iron plaques were analyzed eight weeks later after treatment. The results indicated that the plant biomass was mainly determined by rice genotypes, not Cu and Cd content in soil. Separated treatment with Cu/Cd increased each metal level in shoot, root and iron plaques. Soil Cu enhanced Cd accumulation in tissues. In contrast, Cu concentrations in shoot and root was unaffected by soil Cd. Compared to single metal contamination, combined treatment increased Cd content by 110.6%, 77.0% and 45.2% in shoot, and by 112.7%, 51.2% and 18.4% in root for Gui630, YY-1 and KY1360, respectively. The content level of Cu or Cd in root surface iron plaques was not affected by their soil content. Cu promoted Fe accumulation in iron plaques, while Cd has no effect on P and Fe accumulation in it. The translocation of Cu and Cd from iron plaques to root and shoot was also discussed. These results might be beneficial in selecting cultivars with low heavy metal accumulation and designing strategies for soil bioremediation. 相似文献
566.
磷矿山清洁生产评价指标体系的构建——以贵阳市磷矿山为例 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过对磷矿山清洁生产评价指标选取原则和筛选方法的确定。并结合磷矿山的实际情况,经过多次专家咨询,从而筛选出适合磷矿山清洁生产的具体评价指标。并按层次分析法(AHP)的特点确定目标层、准则层、指标层、指标因子层四个层次,其中,目标层有1项;准则层有6项;指标层有28项;指标因子层有9项,最后建立磷矿山清洁生产评价指标体系,这将为磷矿采选业清洁生产评价提供技术支持和导向,从而有助于磷矿企业推行清洁生产技术,实现可持续发展。 相似文献
567.
568.
滨海湿地是湿地的重要类型之一,其资源、生态、旅游、文化、教育、科研等多方面的潜在功能对社会、经济发展均有极其重要的作用。而中国滨海湿地遭受破坏的情况较为严重。当前,如何基于科学发展观,将滨海湿地纳入循环经济系统之中,更加合理地进行开发、保护,已成为关系到中国经济可持续发展的重要问题之一。文章基于对山东滨州地区典型滨海湿地资源开发实践的研究,结合中国其他地区湿地开发保护的经验教训,以循环经济理论为指导进而探讨适合中国国情的滨海湿地资源开发思路、模式,并在此基础上提出一些建议,以期能够对中国“十一五”时期的湿地开发、保护工作以及部分地区区域经济发展起到一定借鉴、推进作用。 相似文献
569.
Pinjing He Min Li Suyun Xu Liming Shao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(4):404-411
This paper describes the feasibility of fresh leachate treatment by an upflow blanket filter (UBF). Through dilution and partial
effluent recycling, the organic loading rates increased from 0.51 to 14.56 kg COD/(m3·d), meanwhile the corresponding hydraulic retention time decreased from 9.0 to 3.6 d. The reactor was able to achieve steady-state
within 80 d. Based on the distribution of COD fluxes in the process, it was concluded that anabolism was the main pathway
of COD removal in the initial phase (1–33 d), accounting for 57%–85% of total COD removed. As the anaerobic consortium of
bacteria reached steady-state (after 70–86 d), the majority of COD removed was transformed into methane, because the specific
methane yield was close to the theoretical value (0.36 L CH4/(g CODdeg)). 相似文献
570.
腐殖酸以及共存阳离子对膨润土吸附废水中铅离子的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了钠基膨润土的理化性质及其对水中铅离子的吸附作用,考查了pH值、共存阳离子浓度、腐殖酸浓度对铅离子吸附的影响,结果表明,钠基膨润土对水中铅离子有较好的吸附效果.铅离子在膨润土上的吸附量随pH值的升高而增加,随共存阳离子浓度的升高而减少,随腐殖酸浓度的升高而增加.从热力学角度探讨了吸附机理,发现钠基膨润土对铅离子的吸附量随温度升高而增大,并且吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型.计算了相关的吸附热力学函数:△H=0.9594kJ/mol, △S=16.611 3kJ/(mol·K). 相似文献