火灾报警系统可靠性数字仿真软件研究

介绍了火灾报警系统可靠性数字仿真原理和软件设计方法，并举出了运行实例，证明数字仿真技术在火灾报警系统可靠性分析方面具有良好的应用前景。     

Photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO_2 to methanol over a photosystem Ⅱ-enhanced Cu foam/Si-nanowire system

A solar-light double illumination photoelectrocatalytic cell(SLDIPEC) was fabricated for autonomous CO_2 reduction and O_2 evolution with the aid of photosystem II(PS-II, an efficient light-driven water-oxidized enzyme from nature) and utilized in a photoanode solution. The proposed SLPEC system was composed of Cu foam as the photoanode and p-Si nanowires(Si-NW) as the photocathode. Under solar irradiation, it exhibited a super-photoelectrocatalytic performance for CO_2 conversion to methanol, with a high evolution rate(41.94 mmol/hr), owing to fast electron transfer from PS-II to Cu foam.Electrons were subsequently trapped by Si-NW through an external circuit via bias voltage(0.5 V), and a suitable conduction band potential of Si(-0.6 e V) allowed CO_2 to be easily reduced to CH_3 OH at the photocathode. The constructed Z-scheme between Cu foam and Si-NW can allow the SLDIPEC system to reduce CO_2(8.03 mmol/hr) in the absence of bias voltage. This approach makes full use of the energy band mismatch of the photoanode and photocathode to design a highly efficient device for solving environmental issues and producing clean energy.     

火星水手谷滑坡体体积的计算方法研究

火星滑坡研究对地球上高速远程滑坡形成机制具有借鉴意义,其中火星滑坡体体积的计算是调查难点之一。基于NASA火星侦查轨道器背景摄影技术,借助谷歌地球软件,对火星水手谷中的12处典型滑坡进行了识别与分析。运用Alfred S.McEwen公式和方格网两种方法,计算了火星滑坡体的体积V,得出火星水手谷中12处典型滑坡体的体积平均在1 500km3,最高可达5 452.4km3。采用数理统计理论,发现滑坡体体积V与堆积区域面积D满足V=103.046 D1.036,滑坡体高度H与滑移距离L之比(等效摩擦系数)与滑坡体体积V满足H/L=-0.029lgV+0.459的关系。分析滑坡体滑移距离L的影响因素,得出滑坡体滑移距离L与滑坡体体积V和滑坡体高度H基本呈正相关。将火星滑坡体体积计算结果与地球上217处滑坡统计数据进行对比,发现火星滑坡具有体积大、滑移距离远、低等效摩擦系数等特点。     

对浑河沈阳城区段水体“休养生息”的探讨

结合“休养生息”内含,探讨了浑河沈阳城区段水体“休养生息的”的必要性及意义。通过对现有法律、法规的进一步完善,强化准入制度,把“休养生息的”制度化、法律化;通过采用污水处理厂建设,实施雨污分流及生态恢复等措施,达到浑河沈阳城区段水体“休养生息的”的目的。     

焦化废水中降解酚优势菌漆酶活性研究

本实验选取哈依煤气反应器内的活性污泥沉降物作为菌源,以邻甲基酚做为唯一碳源,分离纯化得菌株Enterobacter sp.j11,测定酚浓度、温度、pH值及同酚浓度下的时间变化对于菌株产漆酶活性的影响。结果表明：温度35℃～40℃、pH6.5～7.5、酚800 mg/L条件下菌株生长状态佳,酶活性高;酚浓度一定800 mg/L时,测定了24 h内漆酶随时间的变化,得知菌株8 h后即适应高酚条件。说明该菌株适应能力强、产漆酶稳定。     

象山港海域污染物总量控制研究

以行政区划为计划单元,结合当地的社会经济发展现状及规划,对象山港海域污染物排放进行总量控制和排放指标额度优化分配,使得象山港海域污染物总量控制研究更具可操作性.研究结果表明,在COD各源强中,水土流失源、畜禽养殖源保持不变,生活源和工业源按一定比例增长,只有奉化、宁海区域海水养殖源需要削减,且削减后的COD源强(容量分配额度)亦能满足该区域今后海水养殖发展的需求,而北仑、鄞州和象山其他3个区域的海水养殖容量分配值则有较大的剩余空间,故在不超过总源强(海水养殖未使用全部源强)的前提下,工业、生活等COD源强可在优化结果的基础上适度增加,从而实现象山港及其周边陆域资源、环境和经济目标的最大化.     

泰来县医疗废物现状调查及防治对策

对泰来县医疗废物的产生量,处理现状进行了调查分析,针对存在的问题,提出了切实可行的污染防治对策。     

Biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites by coupling Aspergillus niger with Bacillus subtilis

To explore biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites accumulated in wastewater treatment, a series of bio-degradation experiments were conducted. Two main metabolites of 2-naphthol, 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with standards. Combining fungus Aspergillus niger with bacterium Bacillus subtilis in the treatment enhanced 2-naphthol degradation e ciency, lowered the accumulation of the two toxic metabolites. There were two main phases during the degradation process by the kinetic analysis: 2-naphthol was first partly degraded by the fungus, producing labile and easily accumulated metabolites, and then the metabolites were mainly degraded by the bacterium, attested by the degradation processes of 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone as sole source of carbon and energy. Sodium succinate, as a co-metabolic substrate, was the most suitable compound for the continuous degradation. The optimum concentration of 2-naphthol was 50 mg/L. The overall 2-naphthol degradation rate was 92%, and the CODCr removal rate was 80% on day 10. These results indicated that high degradation rate of 2-naphthol should not be considered as the sole desirable criterion for the bioremediation of 2-naphtholcontaminated soils/wastewater.     

氯代苯化合物的毒性分析

文章对氯代苯化合物的性质作了系统的论述,并对其毒性进行了研究。通过对氯代苯化合物辛醇——水分配系数的估算分析了氯代苯化合物的毒性与取代基数目的关系,利用二氯代苯对冬小麦、油菜的致死浓度和半致死浓度分析了其毒性与取代基位置的关系。结果表明,氯代苯的毒性随苯环上氢原子被氯原子取代个数的增加而加大。在苯环上氢原子被取代的个数相同时,毒性与氢原子被取代的位置有关,邻位最大,间位次之,对位最小。最后就氯代苯化合物对水生生物、高等动物以及人体的毒性进行了重点分析。     

Complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene over CeO2 nanocubes

The activities of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at di erent temperatures were tested for catalytic oxidation of o-xylene. Using CeO2 nanocubes as catalysts, complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene was achieved below 210°C. The CeO2 nanomaterials were characterized by means of BET, X-ray di raction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). From the TEM images, all CeO2 nanocubes displayed cubic morphology irrespective of calcination temperature. The HRTEM images revealed that these nanocubes were enclosed by reactive f001g planes, which may contribute to the intrinsically catalytic property of o-xylene oxidation. The higher activity of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at 550°C than those calcined at above 550°C was attributed to their smaller crystallite size and larger surface area. The influences of reaction conditions were also studied, which found that a higher reaction temperature was necessary for complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at higher weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) and o-xylene concentration.