Shifted power-law relationship between NO2 concentration and the distance from a highway: A new dispersion model based on the wind profile model

In this paper, a shifted power-law model, based on the wind profile model, had been supposed to simulate concentration gradient of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) with distance from a highway. Field experiments were performed for NO₂ gradients from a highway in Shanghai by using passive samplers. The shifted power-law model was fitted well with experimental results of field experiments both in this study and in the literature. The results not only verified the validity of shifted power-law relationship between NO₂ concentration and the distance from a highway, but also partially demonstrated that there were some significant similarities between wind profile and air pollutants concentration profile near highway. With known concentration of chosen reference point and appropriate value of the parameter k, the model could be practically applied for predicting the NO₂ distributions near a highway. The methods of determining the parameter k were also discussed for further detailed studies.     

医疗废物中有机质的热解动力学研究

在空气气氛下，对医疗废物中几种有代表性的有机质进行非等温热解实验。分析实验结果发现，热解失重曲线与N2气氛下不同，出现多个DTG峰。利用Freeman—CarroⅡ法求出了各有机质的表观动力学参数，并建立了能较好反映各物料失重过程的表观多步反应动力学模型。针对混合物料无法直接求出表观动力学参数，建立了多组分反应动力学模型。     

水解-酸化法在味精废水处理中的应用

结合江苏南通天字味精厂的工程实例,介绍了以水解-酸化法为主体的味精废水处理工艺的原理、特点和应用中注意的问题.该工艺运行结果表明:在治理味精废水方面具有较佳的耐冲击性能;出水稳定达标;操作运行管理方便;投资成本和运行费用均较低.从其优势看有良好的应用前景.     

交联聚乙烯亚胺螯合树脂对锌离子的吸附研究

以聚丙烯腈 (PAN)大孔树脂为载体 ,将活性组分聚乙烯亚胺 (PEI)通过化学涂敷手段交联在其表面 ,制备出一种新型交联螯合树脂。本文考察了此树脂对溶液中锌离子的吸附性能 ,开展了饱和吸附容量、等温吸附曲线、pH影响曲线以及吸附速度曲线等实验。结果表明 ,此交联螯合树脂具有对锌离子吸附能力强、吸附速度快等特点 ,可望用于含锌废水的处理及回收。     

空气中挥发性有机物监测技术的研究进展

讨论了空气中挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的监测分析方法研究进展。重点介绍了空气中VOCs的采集、分析和测定；简要叙述了样品前处理的新方法--固相微萃取法（SPME）与其它前处理方法的研究概况。     

深层过滤理论与技术的研究进展

深层过滤是水处理工艺中的重要单元操作。近年来 ,在滤料、过滤工艺的研究开发及过滤理论研究方面有了新的发展。本文评述了一些主要研究进展     

Sorption of non-ionic surfactants to soil: the role of soil mineral composition

In this study, the importance of individual soil mineral constituents on non-ionic surfactant sorption is evaluated by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) to observe microchemical surface composition of model soil colloids and relate surface microchemical composition to the sorption behavior of a non-ionic surfactant, Polyethylene Glyco Mono-p-nonylphenyl Ether (A9PE10), on selected model soil colloids. This information is critical to understanding the fate and transport of this class of contaminants in subsurface. Results obtained from this study indicate that a correlation between the atomic ratio of Si:(Al + Fe) on soil mineral surface and A9PE10 sorption capacity exist, where those soil with larger value of Si:(Al + Fe) ratio exhibit higher sorption capacity. This allows us to predict that the non-ionic surfactant sorption capacity for soil decrease with progressively increasing states of soil maturity.     

几种无机混凝剂对酸性红染料的脱色研究

比较了无机混凝剂氯化铁、氯化铝和硫酸铝对染色废水的脱色效果，实验结果表明：氯化剂的絮凝脱色效果最佳，其适宜ｐＨ在２．５￣４．５之间，当加入适量的膨润土，则能拓宽ｐＨ适用范围，稳定脱色效果。     

Enhanced phytoextraction of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd with EDTA and EDDS

Chemically enhanced phytoextraction has been proposed as an effective approach to removing heavy metals from contaminated soil through the use of high biomass plants. Using pot experiments, the effects of the application of EDTA, EDDS and citric acid on the uptake of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd by corn (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda 108) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. white bean) plants were studied. The results showed that EDDS was more effective than EDTA at increasing the concentration of Cu in corn and beans. The application of 5 mmol kg-1 soil EDDS to soil significantly increased concentrations of Cu in shoots, with maximum levels of 2060 and 5130 mg kg-1 DW in corn and beans, respectively, which were 45- and 135-fold higher than that in the corresponding control plants to which chelate had not been applied. Concentrations of Zn in shoots were also higher in the plants treated with EDDS than in those treated with EDTA. For Pb and Cd, EDDS was less effective than EDTA. The maximum Cu phytoextraction was found with the EDDS treatment. The application of EDTA and EDDS also significantly increased the shoot-to-root ratios of the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in both plant species. The results of metal extraction with chelates showed that EDDS was more efficient at solubilizing Cu and Zn than EDTA, and that EDTA was better at solubilizing Pb and Cd than EDDS.     

荷电超滤膜的研究——Ⅱ.季铵化聚砜超滤膜的研究

将氯甲基化聚砜(CMPS)超滤膜浸泡于三甲胺水溶液中制得季铵化聚砜(QMPS)超滤膜。本文就一些反应条件对季铵化聚砜超滤膜性能的影响进行了探讨,同时对季铵化聚砜超滤膜和氯甲基化聚砜超滤膜的形态结构作了对比,并研究了它们的亲水性能和电性能等方面的差异。