用于评价水污染的生物指数

对各国学者所建立的应用较广泛的生物指数作了综述 ,通过分析各种生物指数的优点与缺陷 ,指出了目前建立生物指数方法上的不足 ,并提出了建立生物指数应该采用的更合理的方法。     

原生动物生物指数的进一步验证及其适用性分析

利用意大利河流TorrenteStirone和Parma的原生动物数据及水质化学数据 ,对作者所建立的原生动物生物指数的适用性进行了验证 ,结果表明 ,所得CPV与化学综合污染指数有显著的相关 ,说明建立的生物指数有广泛的适用性。文中对SPV的使用方法、适用范围、应注意的问题进行了分析和讨论。     

模拟降雨条件下沉积物对磷的富集机理

通过模拟降雨径流实验，在７２ｍｍ／ｈ的大暴雨备件下，研究侵蚀性颗粒从土壤中的径流流失过程及其对磷的富集作用和机理。结果表明，深积物中不同粒长团聚体的组成和原来土壤中的组成有很大差异。径流流失的沉积物主要以０．２５ｍｍ以下的团聚体为主，径流中８０％以上的磷以颗粒态形式流失，而颗粒态磷的６０％－９０％随０．１ｍｍ以下的团聚体流失。不同粒径团聚体对磷的富集作用和富集系数不同。模拟实验建立了沉积物富集系数     

含染料废水处理方法的现状与进展

综述了含染料废水处理方法的现状和进展，尤其是在物理法，化学法，徨化法以及物理化学法中的新技术，其中包括膜及液膜方法，磁分离系统、超声波辐射法，非平衡等离子体法、超临界水氧化法、深度化学氧化法、光催化氧化法、等方法的研究现状，新的方法，材料，工艺的应用，对提高该类废水处理效率和效果具有重要的意义。     

石油化工厂区土壤中总石油烃分布的研究

为了进行石油化工厂区地下环境的现场评估，利用气相色谱法（EPA8015B）对其土壤中总石油烃（TPHs)进行了测定，测定结果以柴油范围的有机物（DRO）和润滑油范围的有机物（ORO）表示。结果表明：土壤各层DRO检出率在58％－72％之间，ORO检出率在82％－89％之间，大多数检出点位的DRO、ORO含量小于500mg/kg；个别点位的DRO、ORO高达30000mg/kg。     

二步法腈纶废水有机污染物组成分析研究

采用色谱技术,对二步法腈纶生产废水中所含的有机污染物,进行了系统的分析研究.结果表明,二步法腈纶废水的可生化性极差,其BOD5/CODcr的比值在0.1～0.2之间.其中所含有机污染物主要有芳香族及酚类的2,6-二(1,1-二甲基乙基)酚、硫代邻氨基苯酚、苯甲酸苄酯、邻二甲苯;腈类的丙烯腈、丁二腈、戊腈、己腈、β,β＇-亚氨基二丙腈;烷烃类的壬烷异构体、十二烷及其异构体、十三烷及其异构体、十五烷及其异构体、十六烷;其它有N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、2,2'-二硫基乙醇、硫醇(丙硫醇、乙硫醇)、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯磺酸钠等.     

LMC超声波污水流量计通讯系统的设计

详细介绍了超声波污水流量计的数据通讯,包括流量计的通讯系统构成、流量计RS232C通讯接口的设计,以及通讯协议、通讯命令及通讯格式等.在此基础上着重讨论了各通讯命令的使用,这种数据通讯实质上是双向进行的,可以大大提高流量计的可靠性,确保总量数据的准确.     

机场噪声环境影响评价的程序和方法

就机场噪声环境影响评价的程序和常用的预测公式进行了介绍，并将飞机噪声实测和预测结果进行了对照，取得了较为满意的结果。     

Occurrence,distribution, and multi-phase partitioning of triclocarban and triclosan in an urban river receiving wastewater treatment plants effluent in China

Occurrence, distribution, spatial and seasonal variations, and partitioning between aqueous phase and suspended particulate matters (SPM) of triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) in Xiaoqing River, which receives wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, were studied. The distribution of the total TCC and TCS levels in surface water and sediments along the river were discussed. The highest TCC and TCS concentrations were both found near the discharge port of WWTPs, and the TCC and TCS levels decreased downstream of the WWTPs as a result of their distances from the source of WWTP discharges. The mean values of TCC and TCS in low-flow season were 1.62 and 1.80 times, respectively, as much as in high-flow season in surface water. The study on partitioning of TCC and TCS between aqueous phase and SPM shown the mean level of dissolved TCC accounted for about 10 % of the total level in surface water, whereas the TCS level was about 30 %. The TCC concentrations detected in the surface sediment samples (0 to 5 cm) ranged from 226 to 1,956 ng/g, with a mean value of 733 ng/g. The TCS levels were between 85 and 705 ng/g, with a mean value of 255 ng/g. The distribution and variations of TCC and TCS in sediments along the river were highly consistent with those in the water phase. The TCC and TCS levels in deep sediments (5 to 10 cm) were significantly lower than those in surface sediments. The mean TCC level in surface sediments was about 2.4 times as much as in deep sediments, and the TCS level in surface sediments was 3.1 times as much as in deep sediments.     

Catalytic hydrolysis of urea from wastewater using different aluminas by a fixed bed reactor

In order to find an effective method for treating urea wastewater, the experiments on the hydrolysis of urea in wastewater were conducted in a fixed bed reactor with different aluminas (α-Al₂O₃, γ-Al₂O₃, and η-Al₂O₃) as catalysts respectively in contrast with inert ceramic particle. The results indicate that the three alumina catalysts show obvious catalytic activity for urea hydrolysis at 125 °C. The order of activity is η-Al₂O₃?>?γ-Al₂O₃?>?α-Al₂O₃, and the activity difference increases with increasing temperature. According to the characterization results, surface acidity has little impact on the activity of catalyst. However, it was found that surface basicity of alumina catalyst plays an important role in catalytic hydrolysis of urea, and the activity of catalyst may be also influenced by the basic strength. With η-Al₂O₃ as catalyst, the urea concentration in wastewater is reduced to 4.96 mg/L at a temperature of 165 °C. Moreover, the η-Al₂O₃ shows a good stability for urea hydrolysis. The hydrolysis of urea over η-Al₂O₃ catalyst can evidently reduce the reaction temperature and is promising to replace industrial thermal hydrolysis process.