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681.
Enhanced phytoextraction of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd with EDTA and EDDS 总被引:43,自引:0,他引:43
Chemically enhanced phytoextraction has been proposed as an effective approach to removing heavy metals from contaminated soil through the use of high biomass plants. Using pot experiments, the effects of the application of EDTA, EDDS and citric acid on the uptake of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd by corn (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda 108) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. white bean) plants were studied. The results showed that EDDS was more effective than EDTA at increasing the concentration of Cu in corn and beans. The application of 5 mmol kg-1 soil EDDS to soil significantly increased concentrations of Cu in shoots, with maximum levels of 2060 and 5130 mg kg-1 DW in corn and beans, respectively, which were 45- and 135-fold higher than that in the corresponding control plants to which chelate had not been applied. Concentrations of Zn in shoots were also higher in the plants treated with EDDS than in those treated with EDTA. For Pb and Cd, EDDS was less effective than EDTA. The maximum Cu phytoextraction was found with the EDDS treatment. The application of EDTA and EDDS also significantly increased the shoot-to-root ratios of the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in both plant species. The results of metal extraction with chelates showed that EDDS was more efficient at solubilizing Cu and Zn than EDTA, and that EDTA was better at solubilizing Pb and Cd than EDDS. 相似文献
682.
The response of infaunal macrobenthic communities beneath salmonid seacages to solid organic wastes (food pellets and fish excreta) was tested by means of the ABC-method (abundance, biomass comparison method: Warwick 1986) on samples collected from the SAFCOL seafarm at Badger Cove, southeast Tasmania, from February to July 1988. The intermittent nature of the addition of organic waste allowed us to monitor decline and recovery of the macrofauna, i.e., harvesting of a cage permitted a period of recovery whilst restocking precipitated a decline. The ABC-method proved to be a sensitive indicator of community health. Under a normal feeding regime the macrofaunal community structure indicated a moderately disturbed condition. Only 7 wk after the cage was harvested, species richness had increased markedly and the community adopted an undisturbed condition. Further improvement was apparent 14 wk post-harvest. Similarly, a decline to a moderately disturbed condition was apparent 7 wk after restocking and species richness had declined. No such changes occurred under a cage which contained fish continuously over the same period. 相似文献
683.
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685.
流动注射催化光度分析法的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
综述了近年来流动注射催化光度分析法的研究进展,包括环境水样中金属离子、阴离子、有机物等污染物的测定,展望了流动注射催化光度分析法未来的研究方向和发展前景。 相似文献
686.
简述了近十几年来原子吸收光谱在我国石油化学工业领域的应用及进展,全文分原油及其加工产品,化工物品,催化剂添加剂等几类样品阐述。 相似文献
687.
装饰材料所致的室内空气污染 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
对商业、工业、住宅等不同功能区和不同室内燃料的厨房、卧室、教室等室内房间,作了空气中甲醛的本底值调查。调查表明,甲醛浓度范围为0.0007-0.0125mg/m^3。对15户普通家庭装潢户的调查表明,经装潢后1年以上测得的甲醛,总烃、苯、甲苯平均浓度分别为0.02、0.50、0.76、1.25mg/m^3。氯乙烯、苯乙烯未测出。其中甲醛平均浓度高出本底值20倍,为前苏联建议的日平均浓度的1.6倍。 相似文献
688.
汽柴油质量与环境污染 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对我国都市汽车污染加剧的情况,分析了我国目前的汽、柴油质量现状,并与国际燃油规范进行了比较。结合我国炼油结构的特点,汽车排放标准与国际接轨的进程,分析燃油质量清洁化对环境保护的贡献。 相似文献
689.
Li Jun Peng Yongzhen Gu Guowei Wei Su 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(2):246-250
An aerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) packed with Bauer rings was used to treat real domestic wastewater for
simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The SBBR is advantageous for creating an anoxic condition, and the biofilm
can absorb and store carbon for good nitrification and denitrification. An average concentration of oxygen ranging from 0.8
to 4.0 mg/L was proved very efficient for nitrification and denitrification. Volumetric loads of TN dropped dramatically and
effluent TN concentration increased quickly when the concentration of average dissolved oxygen was more than 4.0 mg/L. The
efficiency of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) increased with increasing thickness of the biofilm. The
influent concentration hardly affected the TN removal efficiency, but the effluent TN increased with increasing influent concentration.
It is suggested that a subsequence for denitrification be added or influent amount be decreased to meet effluent quality requirements.
At optimum operating parameters, the TN removal efficiency of 74%–82% could be achieved.
Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26(5): 728–733 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
690.
HAO Chun-bo YAN Jun QU Meng-meng WANG Dong CHENG Shu-pei GU Ji-dong QIU Wan-fei WANG Yin-yin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2003,15(5):590-594
There were 6 target DNA fragments of the three parental strains existing in the cell of GEMs( genetically engineered microorganism strain) Fhhh measured in this research by PCR(polymerase chain reaction). The determination showed that GEMs Fhhh contained all the 6 target DNA fragments, mnpl, mnp2, lipl, lip2, FLOI and 16S rDNA, and had the molecular genetic stability. Meanwhile the PCR production of each parental strain could only had its target DNA fragments and was different from each other. It may illustrate that the technique of the inter-kingdom protoplast fusion for the construction of GEMs Fhhh through the process of intercellular gene recombination could be used as a reliable bioengineefing technique to create the soecific functional stain for the nollution control. 相似文献