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991.
Thomas T. Shen Laurence G. Ayer 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):851-855
The current S02 emission test methods, based on wet chemistry, are time consuming and costly. Final results depend on at least 10 separate measurements of quantities which may introduce significant errors due to human factors especially under unfavorable field environment. Performance evaluation of several promising S02 instrumental methods indicated that results were reliable and reproducible, but instrumental problems still exist. The problems were found to be calibration, mechanical and electronic components, and sample conditioning system. An alternative method proposed requires only two separate analyses: ultimate fuel analysis and stack gas analysis for C02. This method can be further simplified with reasonable accuracy by a single measurement of sulfur in the fuel if results are corrected to 12% C02. The method can be a useful addition to the current methods, especially if cost and manpower preclude actual stack tests. A test program was conducted at four industrial and utility power plants. Results are presented with discussion to show the application and validity of the simplified method. 相似文献
992.
Cell cycle analysis of muscle cell division rates offers a new and efficient technique to analyze growth of larval fish. Using this approach, growth of larval walleye pollock was estimated by determining cell proliferation rates, reasoning that growth during early life stages is probably attributed to increases in cell number rather than to increases in cell size. Characteristic patterns of brain and muscle cell division rates were produced in larval walleye pollock by manipulating their diet in the laboratory. The fraction of dividing muscle cells and, to a lesser extent, the fraction of dividing brain cells were direct indicators of fast and slow growth. A model was produced to estimate average growth rate from the fraction of dividing muscle cells. We developed a simple method for preparing and storing the muscle tissue that ensures nucleic acid stability for subsequent analyses and permits sampling in the field. We envision that the cell cycle methodology will have on-site applications, presenting an opportunity to attain real-time estimates of larval fish growth at sea. Determining the proportion of first-feeding larvae with a high fraction of dividing muscle cells may yield a means for predicting the proportion of fast-growing fish, i.e., the potential survivors. 相似文献
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José F. Molina-Azorín Enrique Claver-Cortés Jorge Pereira-Moliner Juan José Tarí 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(5):516-524
The impact of environmental practices on firm performance raises an ongoing debate in which the review of the existing literature yields no conclusive results. Different methods have been used to study this relationship and most of the analyses have focused on manufacturing companies. This paper examines the link between environmental practices and firm performance in the Spanish hotel industry using two methods: a cluster analysis and a regression analysis. First, three groups were defined according to their environmental proactivity, and hotels showing a stronger commitment to environmental practices proved to reach higher performance levels. Second, through the regression analysis, findings showed that environmental practices impact significantly on several performance variables. 相似文献
998.
Petra Quillfeldt Javier Martínez Janos Hennicke Katrin Ludynia Anja Gladbach Juan F. Masello Samuel Riou Santiago Merino 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(9):809-817
Whereas some bird species are heavily affected by blood parasites in the wild, others reportedly are not. Seabirds, in particular,
are often free from blood parasites, even in the presence of potential vectors. By means of polymerase chain reaction, we
amplified a DNA fragment from the cytochrome b gene to detect parasites of the genera Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, and Haemoproteus in 14 seabird species, ranging from Antarctica to the tropical Indian Ocean. We did not detect parasites in 11 of these species,
including one Antarctic, four subantarctic, two temperate, and four tropical species. On the other hand, two subantarctic
species, thin-billed prions Pachyptila belcheri and dolphin gulls Larus scoresbii, were found infected. One of 28 thin-billed prions had a Plasmodium infection whose DNA sequence was identical to lineage P22 of Plasmodium relictum, and one of 20 dolphin gulls was infected with a Haemoproteus lineage which appears phylogenetically clustered with parasites species isolated from passeriform birds such as Haemoproteus lanii, Haemoproteus magnus, Haemoproteus fringillae, Haemoproteus sylvae, Haemoproteus payevskyi, and Haemoproteus belopolskyi. In addition, we found a high parasite prevalence in a single tropical species, the Christmas Island frigatebird Fregata andrewsi, where 56% of sampled adults were infected with Haemoproteus. The latter formed a monophyletic group that includes a Haemoproteus line from Eastern Asian black-tailed gulls Larus crassirostris. Our results are in agreement with those showing that (a) seabirds are poor in hemosporidians and (b) latitude could be a
determining factor to predict the presence of hemosporidians in birds. However, further studies should explore the relative
importance of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on parasite prevalence, in particular using phylogenetically controlled comparative
analyses, systematic sampling and screening of vectors, and within-species comparisons. 相似文献
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Environmental Fluid Mechanics - 相似文献
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