Effects of environmental factors on organochlorine pesticide residues in soils of the Guanting Reservoir area, China

Topsoil samples from 56 sites around the Guanting Reservoir, China, were measured for HCH and DDT concentrations. The total soil HCH content (including alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-isomers) in these soil samples ranged from 0 to 7.33 ng x g(-1), with a mean of 0.69 ng x g(-1). These levels were considerably lower than those of the total DDT soil contents (including pp'-DDE, pp'-DDD, op'-DDT, and pp'-DDT), which ranged from 0 to 76.01 ng x g(-1), with a mean of 9.46 ng x g(-1). DDT was also found to be the major pollutant in the soil samples, accounting for approximately 93% of the total organochlorine pesticide (OCP) contents. Several environmental factors including land use, soil texture, soil taxonomy, and microbial biomass were considered to be responsible for the OCP levels observed. The data provide some insight into the effects of environmental conditions such as soil formation, agricultural cultivation, nutrient enrichment, and other anthropogenic activities on the degradation of OCPs in soils. Although the OCP residues currently are below the maximum limits set for use on agricultural land in China, and only rarely would such levels pose significant ecological concern, OCPs are highly persistent in soil and bioaccumulative. The data provided in this study are considered crucial for reservoir remediation, especially since the Guanting Reservoir will serve as one of the main drinking water sources for Beijing in the foreseeable future.     

环保台帐──中小企业废水治理监督的有效手段

中小企业废水达标治理是目前环保监督管理的难点。对企业废水治理工程物料、能源消耗建立台帐管理是弥补现有管理方式不足,强化企业有效处理废水制约机制的有效手段。     

耐镉浮萍筛选、鉴定及其对镉的富集效果

近年来,水体镉污染日益严峻,筛选超富集植物用于其治理具有重要意义。本研究以90个浮萍株系为实验材料,采用30 mg·L⁻¹ 的镉处理7 d,获得7个镉耐受优势株系。通过Blast比对和构建系统发育树鉴定该7个浮萍株系的种属,确定为Spirodela polyrhiza、Lemna japonica、Lemna minor和Landoltia punctata。通过低质量浓度(0.5 mg·L⁻¹)和高质量浓度(10 mg·L⁻¹)镉处理7 d,进一步比较和研究了7个优势株系对镉的富集效果。结果表明,低浓度镉处理后,5个株系的镉富集量超过100 mg·kg⁻¹;高浓度镉处理后,7个浮萍株系的镉富集量超过1 200 mg·kg⁻¹,生物富集系数大于120,对水体中镉的去除率高于70%。其中,4号株系(L. japonica)为本次筛选出的最佳株系,其镉富集量、生物富集系数和对水体中镉的去除率分别达到2 834.30 mg·kg⁻¹、283.43和82.50%。     

Chronic exposure to contaminated drinking water stimulates PPAR expression in mice livers

Mice were fed with source water (SW) and tap water (TW) for 90 d to evaluate hepatotoxicity induced by the drinking water. Histopathologic observation showed no obvious damage to hepatic tissue in the SW and TW groups. However, microarray analysis indicated that the SW and TW exposures affected many metabolic pathways, among which PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) signaling was most susceptible. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that both PPAR-α and PPAR-γ were significantly increased in the exposure groups compared to control. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that PPAR-α expression level was increased from 23.37±0.53 ng g(-1) liver weight in control group to 26.60±1.43 ng g(-1) liver weight in SW group and 27.68±1.10 ng g(-1) liver weight in TW group (p<0.05). For PPAR-γ, the expression level was also significantly enhanced from 0.83±0.07 ng g(-1) liver weight in control group to 1.11±0.20 ng g(-1) liver weight in SW group and 1.16±0.07 ng g(-1) liver weight in TW group (p<0.05). The SW and DW posed no obvious hepatotoxicity on mice and PPAR-α/-γ could be used as a novel biomarker to assess public health risk induced by slightly contaminated drinking water.     

Enrichment and characterization of an effective hexavalent chromium-reducing microbial community YEM001

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chromium (Cr) is one of the most widely used heavy metals in industrial processes, resulting in water and soil pollution that seriously threaten...     

Cobalt exposure in relation to cardiovascular disease in the United States general population

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cobalt exposure has adverse health effects on the cardiovascular system in occupational and laboratory studies, but these effects have not been...     

新型材料碳纤维在水处理应用中的研究进展

随着水环境污染问题的日趋严重,污水治理问题备受关注。碳纤维材料因其具有较大的比表面积和良好的生物亲和性,易于微生物附着,利于吸附、生物脱氮除磷的进行,从而去除水中氮磷等污染物,在水处理中具有应用前景。系统介绍了碳纤维材料的发展历程及其在工业等领域的应用,对碳纤维材料高强度、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特性进行了总结,重点介绍了碳纤维材料在饮用水、工业废水及富营养化水体等水处理中的应用,同时结合目前的研究现状,分析了将来研究的开展方向及趋势。     

硫酸亚铁对粉煤灰中不同价态铬元素淋滤特性的影响

粉煤灰中痕量元素的滤出会对灰场下游的生态环境产生重要的影响,因而研究粉煤灰中痕量元素的淋滤特性具有重要的现实意义.针对贵州某电厂灰样,开展铬元素的迁移控制及柱淋滤特性的研究,建立HPLC-ICP-MS对不同价态铬定量分析的方法,结果显示,以EDTA为络合剂,经过高效液相色谱分离, Cr(Ⅲ)与Cr(Ⅵ)的保留时间分别为80 s和120 s左右,实现了基线分离.并选取硫酸亚铁,研究硫酸亚铁的添加对不同价态铬元素在柱淋滤系统内淋滤特性的影响.     

Efficient removal of cadmium ions from water by adsorption on a magnetic carbon aerogel

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Carbon aerogels are attracting much attention as adsorbents due to their high specific surface and large accessible pores. Herein, we describe a...     

Comparative study on pyrolysis of bamboo in microwave pyrolysis-reforming reaction by binary compound impregnation and chemical liquid deposition modified HZSM-5

The deactivation of catalyst is a significant reason for its limited application during the catalytic fast pyrolysis(CFP) process. To reduce the coke formation, binary compound impregnation(BCI) and chemical liquid deposition(CLD) were used to modify HZSM-5 catalysts. At the same time, the self-designed microwave reactor separated the pyrolysis of bamboo and catalytic upgrading of primary vapor, which made the catalytic effect more thorough. Experimental results indicated that CLD used Ti O 2 de...