天津LNG接收站码头钢桩长效腐蚀防护技术对比研究

为解决码头钢桩防腐问题,针对国内同类场站进行腐蚀调研,并对钢桩长效腐蚀防护技术进行优选。调研和试验结果表明,复层矿脂包覆技术(PTC)的防护效果优于其他2类腐蚀防护技术,是码头钢桩浪花飞溅区腐蚀防护的最佳解决方案。天津南港LNG接收站打破国内码头防腐设计的传统,在设计建造初期就采用PTC技术进行防腐保护,在国内尚属首例。相关调研和试验结果可为国内码头钢桩防腐设计提供参考。     

基于断裂力学的船型网箱疲劳损伤评估研究

目的 结合断裂力学,通过直接计算方法进行海洋结构物疲劳损伤评估研究。方法 运用有限元方法,并通过谱分析进行结构强度评估,找到结构热点应力。对热点进行局部精细建模,运用断裂力学方法进行疲劳裂纹扩展,进行海洋结构物疲劳损伤评估。结果 通过水动力分析表明,船型网箱在波浪入射角为0°及180°时,运动幅值最大。通过直接强度计算,验证了网箱满足强度要求,但存在明显的应力集中现象。选取3个疲劳热点进行裂纹扩展,得到其疲劳寿命分别为11.3、17.3、33.1 a。结论 实现了基于断裂力学的海洋结构物强度分析与寿命预测,解决了海洋结构物疲劳损伤评估中计算效率与精度的平衡、整体模型与局部裂纹的耦合等问题。     

呼包鄂地区冬季、夏季PM2.5污染特征

基于PMF模型源解析结果分析了呼包鄂地区冬季、夏季主要污染源及污染特征.物质重构结果表明,有机物(19. 9%～44. 6%)、地壳物质(9. 7%～46. 2%)在呼包鄂地区受体PM_(2.5)中占有较大比重.源解析结果表明,冬季各类源对PM_(2.5)的分担率大小依次为:二次源(26. 7%)燃煤源(26. 1%)机动车源(19. 1%)扬尘源(18. 1%),夏季则为二次源(26. 7%)扬尘源(22. 3%)燃煤源(16. 6%)机动车源(15. 1%) SOC(8. 7%),可以看出二次源在呼包鄂地区冬季和夏季均为首要贡献源类,冬季燃煤源、夏季扬尘源对呼包鄂地区的影响较大.分析冬季、夏季典型污染过程,对应于源解析结果,冬季主要污染源为二次源、燃煤源,夏季为二次源.     

Distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic in different sized atmospheric particulate matters

The distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic (As) in different sized atmospheric particulate matters (PMs), including total suspended particles (TSP), PM₁₀, and PM_2.5, collected from Baoding, China were analyzed. The average total mass concentrations of As in TSP, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5 were 31.5, 35.3, and 54.1 µg/g, respectively, with an order of PM_2.5 >PM ₁₀ > TSP, revealing that As is prone to accumulate on fine particles. Due to the divergent toxicities of different As species, speciation analysis of As in PMs is further conducted. Most of previous studies mainly focused on inorganic arsenite (iAs^III), inorganic arsenate (iAs^V), monomethylarsonate (MMA), and dimethylarsinate (DMA) in PMs, while the identification and sensitive quantification of trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) were rarely reported. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system was optimized for As speciation including TMAO in PMs. An anion exchange column was used to separate MMA, DMA and iAs^V, while a cation exchange column to separate TMAO and iAs^III. Results showed that iAs^V was the dominate component in all the samples, corresponding to a portion of 79.2% ± 9.3% of the total extractable species, while iAs^III, TMAO and DMA made up the remaining 21%. Our study demonstrated that iAs^III accounted for about 14.4% ± 11.4% of the total extracted species, with an average concentration of 1.7 ± 1.6 ng/m³. It is worth noting that TMAO was widely present in the samples (84 out of 97 samples), which supported the assumption that TMAO was ubiquitous in atmospheric particles.     

Potential applications of porous organic polymers as adsorbent for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with high toxicity and carcinogenicity are emitted from kinds of industries, which endanger human health and the environment. Adsorption is a promising method for the treatment of VOCs due to its low cost and high efficiency. In recent years, activated carbons, zeolites, and mesoporous materials are widely used to remove VOCs because of their high specific surface area and abundant porosity. However, the hydrophilic nature and low desorption rate of those materials limit their commercial application. Furthermore, the adsorption capacities of VOCs still need to be improved. Porous organic polymers (POPs) with extremely high porosity, structural diversity, and hydrophobic have been considered as one of the most promising candidates for VOCs adsorption. This review generalized the superiority of POPs for VOCs adsorption compared to other porous materials and summarized the studies of VOCs adsorption on different types of POPs. Moreover, the mechanism of competitive adsorption between water and VOCs on the POPs was discussed. Finally, a concise outlook for utilizing POPs for VOCs adsorption was discussed, noting areas in which further work is needed to develop the next-generation POPs for practical applications.     

Speciation characterization and coagulation of poly-silica-ferric-chloride：The role of hydrolyzed Fe（Ⅲ） and silica interaction

The highly e cient inorganic polymer flocculants (IPFs) of the ferric-silica system is a new and promising coagulant. Interactions between ferric species and silica play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These e ects are quite distinct from those associated with polymeric or colloid silica. However, although these species are key to coagulation e ciency, they have not been comprehensively discussed. A new type of coagulant, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC), was synthesized by co-polymerization and characterized by time complexation spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Compared with traditional ferric salt, the results indicated that PFSC had a higher molecular weight, lesser positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. The higher the Si/Fe ratio, the higher the silica and lower the silicac found. The PFSC with appropriate polysilica acid not only obtained better coagulation/flocculation e ciency in turbidity removal, enhanced the flocculation index (FI) and provided less residual ferric, it also lowered water treatment costs compared to traditional ferric salt. Results showed that PFSC could remove colloid particles in water by charge neutralization and sweeping, adsorption bridging mechanism.     

对开发建设项目环境影响评价中公众参与内容的探讨

环境影响评价中公众参与的内容应与建设项目的生产性质、污染状况相适应。不同类型的开发建设项目开展的公众参与内容是不同的。对项目公众参与的组织形式及内容进行了探讨，便于指导建设项目的环境影响评价工作。     

Hydraulic jumps with low inflow Froude numbers: air–water surface patterns and transverse distributions of two-phase flow properties

Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Hydraulic jumps are commonly employed as energy dissipators to guarantee long-term operation of hydraulic structures. A comprehensive and in-depth understanding of...     

Biocompatible self-healing hydrogels based on boronic acid-functionalized polymer and laponite nanocomposite for water pollutant removal

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Global water pollution by organic dyes and metals may be solved by adsorption. In particular, hydrogel adsorbents display unique...