桑沟湾养殖海域沉积物中N的溶出动力学特性

2003年8月和11月对桑沟湾进行了2次生态环境的调查研究,通过沉积物-水界面交换室内培养实验得到了总氮(TN)和无机氮(IN)在沉积物-水界面的交换量与时间的动力学关系,利用非线性拟合技术和连续函数计算法计算了该湾沉积物-水界面TN和IN的交换速率.其变化范围TN为2.82～10.83 mg/m2·d, IN为1.71～2.94 mg/m2·d; 研究发现TN的交换速率有明显的季节变化,总体趋势为相同站位的交换速率8月高于11月, IN的交换速率有微弱的季节变化,相同站位的交换速率为8月略高于11月;TN和IN不同站位的交换速率均为扇贝和牡蛎养殖区高于海带养殖区; 并研究了IN的各种存在形式,结果表明夏季NH4-N为主要的存在形式,而秋季NO3-N为主要的存在形式.     

Anogenital distance and its application in environmental health research

Anogenital distance (AGD), a useful anthropometric measurement for genital development in both animals and humans, was originally found by reproductive toxicologists in rodent experiments. As an easy-to-measure and sensitive marker, AGD has become a bioassay of fetal androgen action and a well-established reproductive toxicity endpoint in animals. It is generally accepted that AGD is sexually dimorphic in many mammals, with males having longer AGD than females. Exposure to proposed endocrine disruptors may result in reduced AGD; thus, it has been used to measure health effects of compounds with endocrine-altering properties or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in environmental toxicology. Moreover, AGD is an important clinical measure to address endocrine-sensitive endpoints in the first year of life and to assess the adverse impact of in utero exposure to environmental EDCs. Recently, AGD has been identified as one of the endpoints in the US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for reproductive toxicity studies in humans, but use of AGD in human studies is still rare, and the results remain mixed and inconclusive due to many reasons. In order to achieve a breakthrough, researchers are endeavoring to standardize the measurement of AGD, normalize age-specific population data in different ethnic groups, and conduct more in-depth human researches in this field.     

中国城市环境综合整治定量考核的经验与理论研究

中国城市环境综合整治定量考核制度实质上是建立一种以城市政府为对象的激励机制,以推动城市政府更有效地改善城市环境质量.此项制度实行以来,城市环境质量得以稳定与改善,但其效果、成本等仍需进一步评价,其理论也需进一步探讨.     

乡域资源与环境协调发展的实践与探讨——以山东省枣庄市萝藤乡为例

本文通过山东省枣庄市峄城区萝藤乡建立生态经济乡途径研究的实践,探讨了在乡域实现资源与环境协调发展的新思路,为我国农村现代化建设做出了有益的尝试。     

国外环境保护信息系统现状与进展

详细介绍了国外利用3S技术建立环境保护信息系统的状况,对其发展进行了展望。     

土壤有机污染通风去除技术

对土壤通风去除石油产品污染研究进行综述，介绍了每项研究内容，分析了主要结论与不足，提出了该项研究今后方向。     

纳氏试剂比色法测定水质中氨氮时温度对纳氏试剂的影响

文中探讨了纳氏比色法测定水质重氨氮过程中温度对纳氏试剂配制和贮存的影响，并提出了解决措施和注意事项。     

水环境质量评价标准探讨

水环境质量评价指标是开展评价工作的依据，本文针对地表水体质量标准、底泥质量标准和水生生物质量标准及共统一结合问题进行了探讨，为全面开展水环境质量评价提供更科学的决策依据。     

凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes Solms)对染料色水脱色作用的初步研究

经凤眼莲对染料色水的脱色作用静态试验表明,凤眼莲对阳离子、活性、直接、还原和酸性等染料有显著的脱色作用,其中对阳离子染料的脱色尤为有效,脱色率最高可达98％。还进行了小型动态实验,并建立了一个反映脱色率与进水色度、色水停留时间和凤眼莲生物量等参数间相关关系的数学模型。试验结果表明,凤眼莲的脱色作用具有酶促反应的若干特点,Ca~(2+)、Mn~(2+)等离子的存在可使脱色率显著提高。