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51.
微生物利用食品废物合成聚羟基烷酸酯 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了降低聚羟基烷酸酯(PHAs)的生产成本,以麦芽、豆类、糖果、冰激凌、牛奶、芝麻油和食醋废物为底物,研究了产碱弧菌(Alcaligenes latus)、表皮匍萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)和活性污泥合成PHAs的工艺可行性和产物的物化性质.结果表明,通过两段式间歇补料发酵.3类微生物利用麦芽废物合成的聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)产量最大,分别达细胞内含量的70.1%、16.0%和43.3%.A.latus适应食品废物开始细胞生长和PHAs合成的延迟短,在缺氮阶段合成PHB的产量、产率高.微好氧时,从芝麻油提取出的S.epidermidis可以合成分子量超过1×106的PHB.活性污泥可利用豆类废物合成聚羟基丁酸-羟基戊酸酯(PHBV)共聚物,其中羟基戊酸比例(HV%)占21%.多数食品废物适合合成具有不同物化性质的PHAs.PHAs产物的组分及物化性质受微生物种类、底物类型、发酵条件的影响. 相似文献
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Joseph E. Odencrantz Harry O'Neill Shirley J. Steinmacher Jarrod D. Case Paul C. Johnson 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2008,18(4):49-54
Sampling indoor air for potential vapor‐intrusion impacts using current standard 24‐hour sample collection methods may not adequately account for temporal variability and detect contamination best represented by long‐term sampling periods. Henry Schuver of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Solid Waste stated at the September 2007 Air & Waste Management Association vapor‐intrusion conference that the US EPA may consider recommending longer‐term vapor sampling to achieve more accurate time‐weighted‐average detections. In November 2007, indoor air at four residences was sampled to measure trichloroethene (TCE) concentrations over short‐ and long‐duration intervals. A carefully designed investigation was conducted consisting of triplicate samplers for three different investigatory methods: dedicated 6‐liter Summa canisters (US EPA Method TO‐15), pump/sorbent tubes (US EPA Method TO‐17), and passive diffusion samplers (MDHS 80). The first two methods collected samples simultaneously for a 24‐hour period, and the third method collected samples for two weeks. Data collected using Methods TO‐15 (canisters) and TO‐17 (tubes) provided reliable short‐duration TCE concentrations that agree with prior 24‐hour sampling events in each of the residences; however, the passive diffusion samplers may provide a more representative time‐weighted measurement. The ratio of measured TCE concentrations between the canisters and tubes are consistent with previous results and as much as 28.0 μg/m3 were measured. A comparison of the sampling procedures, and findings of the three methods used in this study will be presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Shirley Raveh Dik Heg Vincent A. Viblanc David W. Coltman Jamieson C. Gorrell F. Stephen Dobson Adele Balmer Peter Neuhaus 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(4):695-706
In polyandrous and polygynandrous species where females mate with multiple partners, males are expected to maximize their
fitness by exhibiting an array of reproductive behaviors to ensure fertilization success, such as competing for the best mating
order within a mating sequence, optimizing their investment in copulation, and mate guarding. Though there is genetic evidence
of a first-male precedence in siring success for many mammalian species, the causes of this effect are poorly understood.
We studied influences on first-male precedence in Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus). We found that the time a male spent consorting and mate guarding declined with his mating order (both the highest for the
first male to mate). Mate guarding by the first male significantly reduced, but did not exclude, the number of additional
males a female accepted. Later mating males reduced the time spent consorting, suggesting a perceived decreased chance of
fertilization success. Consortship and mate guarding durations were positively related to the male’s siring success and to
each other, suggesting that males adjusted these behaviors strategically to increase their chances of fertilization success.
Our results suggest that besides being the first male to consort, first-male sperm precedence is further enhanced through
longer mating bouts and by suppressing the chances and/or efforts of later mating males. 相似文献
55.
Nancy Steinberg Warren Shirley Soukup Jennifer L. King Peter St. J. Dignan 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(13):1111-1113
A case of prenatally diagnosed non-mosaic trisomy 20 in cells cultured from a chorionic villus sample (CVS)is presented. The term placental karyotype was also non-mosaic trisomy 20. The karyotype of thenewborn was 46,XY/47,XY,+20 in foreskin cultures and in a second skin culture; blood lymphocyte culture was 46,XY. Aside from diffuse, hypopigmentary swirls along the lines of Blaschko observed on hisextremities and trunk, referred to as hypomelanosis of Ito, the patient is clinically normal at 8¾ years ofage. In addition, he is one of the oldest reported cases of mosaic trisomy 20 confirmed after birth forwhich the clinical outcome has been monitored. This case demonstrates that these trisomy 20 findings are compatible with normal psychomotor development and phenotype. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Shirley Ali Khan is the Director of the Environmental Responsibility Centre at the University of Hertfordshire, and Dr Stephen Martin is a Senior Executive of COUNTEC, Milton Keynes, UK. 相似文献
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Shirley Kii 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1977,13(5):1085-1089