高强度埋纱绿色包装袋纸的开发应用

阐述了高强度埋纱绿色包装袋纸是纸/塑复合或塑/塑复膜的污染环境包装材料的替代产品，生产流水线由5项专利技术为基础构成，生产原料来源充足，体现资源循环利用，生产企业经济效益显著，产品具有撕裂度，抗张强度高，抗水防潮，耐热，牢固度好，破包率低，指出产品可为国家节约大批木材，对保护森林资源贡献巨大，产品生产过程中不对环境造成污染。     

粤港澳大湾区PM2.5本地与非本地污染来源解析

粤港澳大湾区（简称"大湾区"）建设是我国新时代重大国家战略之一.虽然大湾区空气质量在我国处于领先地位，但与世界先进湾区相比还有较大差距.制定大湾区PM_2.5精细化防控策略，需要在识别大湾区各城市PM_2.5污染来源的基础上，量化PM_2.5本地和非本地贡献及时空变化规律.基于此，本研究首次在大湾区15个站点同步开展持续一年的PM_2.5采样和组分分析，并将正定矩阵因子分析模型与后向轨迹结合，建立一种定量识别PM_2.5本地与非本地贡献的新方法.通过对大湾区不同季节所属空气域进行划分，厘清大湾区各城市PM_2.5本地与非本地贡献的动态化特征.结果发现，在2015年，大湾区15个站点共解析出9种PM_2.5污染源，分别为机动车、重油、老化海盐、扬尘源、二次硫酸盐、二次硝酸盐、金属冶炼、生物质燃烧和新鲜海盐.其中，二次硫酸盐和机动车是大湾区最主要的两个PM_2.5污染源.不同站点非本地贡献占比为51%~72%，表明外来传输是大湾区 PM_2.5污染的主要来源.内陆和沿海站点污染源的本地与非本地贡献差异较为显著，主要原因是气象条件和排放特征的差异.值得注意的是，2015年大湾区超过一半的时间处于同一个空气域，而有43%的时间处于两个不同空气域.进一步在每个季节划分空气域，发现大湾区处于两个空气域时，秋、冬季节沿海站点易形成单独的空气域，此时非本地贡献较强（68%~72%）；春季内陆站点易形成单独的空气域，此时本地贡献较强（94%）.基于对PM_2.5本地和非本地贡献变化情况的定量识别，能够为大湾区各城市制定动态的PM_2.5排放控制策略提供科学支撑.     

悬浮物测定中滤纸预处理方法的改进

通过服物测定中滤纸预处理方法，减少了悬浮物测定中的误差，提高了测定结果的精确度。     

Prediction of the bioconcentration factor of PCBs in fish using the molecular connectivity index and fragment constant models.

Models based on molecular connectivity index (MCI) and fragment constant (FC) method were developed for prediction of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in fish. The mean residuals for the MCI and FC models were 0.195 and 0.223 log units, respectively. The two models were then compared in terms of their mean residuals. In addition to the chlorine atom substitution number, other important structural features exhibiting a significant influence on the BCFs of PCB congeners were discussed and incorporated to the models. These features include the degree of the ortho-substitution, the presence of chlorine pairs in the three- and five- positions, and the crowding of chlorine atoms on the phenyl ring.     

Vertical distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric boundary layer of Beijing in winter

Air samples were collected using active samplers at various heights of 8, 15, 32, 47, 65, 80, 102, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 240, 280 and 320 m on a meteorological tower in an urban area of Beijing in two campaigns in winter 2006. Altitudinal distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric boundary layer of Beijing in winter season were investigated. Meteorological conditions during the studied period were characterized by online measurements of four meteorological parameters as well as trajectory calculation. The mean total concentrations of 15 PAHs except naphthalene of gaseous and particulate phase were 667±450 and 331±144 ng m⁻³ in January and 61±19 and 29±6 ng m⁻³ in March, respectively. Domestic coal combustion and vehicle emission were the dominant PAH sources in winter. Although the composition profiles derived from the two campaigns were similar, the concentrations were different by one order of magnitude. The higher concentrations in January were partly caused by higher emission due to colder weather than March. Moreover, weak wind, passing through the city center before the sampling site, picked up more contaminants on the way and provided unfavorable dispersion condition in January. For both campaigns, PAH concentrations decreased with heights because of ground-level emission and unfavorable dispersion conditions in winter. The concentration ratio of PAHs in gas versus solid phases was temperature dependent and negatively correlated to their octanol–air partition coefficients.     

哑铃湾网箱养殖可持续容量研究

在相关养殖容量研究的基础上,提出了养殖环境容量和可持续养殖容量的概念和内涵.以哑铃湾网箱养殖为例,建立了考虑时间累积效应后的养殖环境容量和考虑了社会、经济和环境综合效益后的可持续养殖容量计算模型.估算了在10年时段内哑铃湾网箱养殖环境容量和可持续养殖容量.结果表明,哑铃湾网箱养殖最优环境容量为每年4.11万箱,可持续养殖容量为每年3.45万箱.     

表面活性剂对采油区土壤装填土柱中PAHs迁移渗透的影响

以阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)对采油区土壤(MGP)中PAHs的淋洗效果进行研究．结果表明，5CMC(临界胶束浓度)LAS促进了土柱中PAHs的迁移渗透，土柱中PAHs的淋溶率较低，而且仅土柱上层5cm的土样中PAHs发生了较为明显的淋溶．与Br^-离子穿透曲线相比，土柱中PAHs的淋溶均有滞后现象，而且随着环数的增加，PAHs的淋溶滞后现象愈加明显．PAHs的迁移渗滤性与其辛醇／水分配系数之间具有显著负相关性，说明随着辛醇／水分配系数的增加，PAHs的淋溶率逐渐降低．     

基于前景理论和BWM的深基坑支护方案综合评价

针对深基坑施工工程的复杂性及决策者风险态度对多指标决策的影响,构建了融合前景理论的深基坑施工支护最优方案选择模型。首先建立深基坑支护方案优选决策问题的多目标评价指标体系,借鉴TOPSIS思想将正、负理想方案作为决策者参照值,在此基础上,进一步将灰色关联分析法引入前景理论定义了正、负价值函数;通过BWM方法得出各指标的客观权重,根据权重函数得到决策者对客观权重的主观评价,在此基础上计算每个备选方案的综合前景值并排序,获得最优支护方案。最终通过两个工程实例验证了模型的有效性,并通过与其他方法比较说明了该模型在准确性方面的优势。     

基于长期合作的建设项目多层次安全监管利益分配研究

为确保建设项目安全生产政府监管效果,从体制上设计安全监管的引导机制,通过分析安全生产监管层级组织结构,确定政府安全监管的委托代理关系;基于经济人假设,确定安全监管参与各方的收益函数,建立安全监管合作博弈模型;从非合作对策阶段逆向求解安全监管利益分配情况,分析协调效率成本系数比、声誉积累优势激励系数等对利益分配结构的影响.结果表明:安全监管机构应合理控制中介组织规模、奖励分配系数范围及声誉积累优势激励系数,以提高监管效果;中介组织通过增加协调效率获得更高收益,或通过提升声誉积累优势寻求与政府的长期合作机会.     

"事故"和"隐患"术语的解析与思考

为理清"事故""隐患"的边界范围,本文对"事故"和"隐患"2个术语在中文、法规、标准中的定义进行检索,并对其定义解构化分析,得出现有定义及其应用过程中存在诸多不足,甚至会对安全生产决策、监管执法和企业自主管控产生负向影响.结合理论分析和实践应用,给出"事故""隐患""缺陷"3个术语的定义;根据每个定义的内涵,提出遵循差异化管控原则实施安全生产风险分级管控的思路和方法.