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31.
Hongxun Hou Shuying Wang Yongzhen Peng Zhiguo Yuan Fangfang Yin Wang Gan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(1):106-111
The anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch (A2/O OD) process is popularly used to eliminate nutrients from domestic wastewater. In order to identify the existence of denitrifying
phosphorus removing bacteria (DPB), evaluate the contribution of DPB to biological nutrient removal, and enhance the denitrifying
phosphorus removal in the A2/O OD process, a pilot-scale A2/O OD plant (375 L) was conducted. At the same time batch tests using sequence batch reactors (12 L and 4 L) were operated
to reveal the significance of anoxic phosphorus removal. The results indicated that: The average removal efficiency of COD,
NH4+, PO43−, and TN were 88.2%, 92.6%, 87.8%, and 73.1%, respectively, when the steady state of the pilotscale A2/O OD plant was reached during 31–73 d, demonstrating a good denitrifying phosphorus removal performance. Phosphorus uptake
took place in the anoxic zone by poly-phosphorus accumulating organisms NO2− could be used as electron receptors in denitrifying phosphorus removal, and the phosphorus uptake rate with NO2− as the electron receptor was higher than that with NO3− when the initial concentration of either NO2− or NO3− was 40 mg/L. 相似文献
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采用厌氧 缺氧SBR反应器对以硝酸盐作为电子受体的反硝化除磷过程进行了研究。结果表明 ,反硝化聚磷菌完全可以在厌氧 缺氧交替运行条件下得到富集。稳定运行的厌氧 缺氧SBR反应器的反硝化除磷效率 >90 % ,出水磷浓度 <1mg L。进水COD浓度对反硝化除磷的效率影响很大 ,在COD浓度 <180mg L时 ,进水COD浓度越高 ,除磷效率也就越高。较高浓度的进水COD浓度将导致有剩余的COD进入缺氧段 ,对反硝化吸磷构成不利影响。污泥龄为 16d时 ,厌氧 缺氧SBR反应器取得稳定和理想的反硝化除磷效果。污泥龄减少到 8d ,由于反硝化聚磷菌的流失导致反硝化除磷效率的下降。当污泥龄恢复到 16d时 ,经过一段时间的运行 ,反硝化聚磷菌重新得到富集 ,除磷效率恢复到 90 %以上。 相似文献
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中国脆弱生态区可持续发展指标体系框架设计 总被引:41,自引:3,他引:41
本文分析了我国脆弱生态区人口—资源—环境与发展的矛盾,探讨了我国典型脆弱生态区可持续发展指标体系建立的指导原则和方法,提出了我国典型脆弱生态区可持续发展指标体系 相似文献
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以一座处理量为60m3·d-1的SBR法中试系统为研究对象,将三层网络智能控制技术引入SBR工艺中,并对该智能控制系统的深度脱氮效果和稳定性进行了中试研究.在SBR法硝化反硝化过程中,pH、DO、ORP曲线上会出现反映生物脱氮进程的特征点,以pH、DO、ORP为控制参数建立的智能控制策略可以准确判断反应的终点,避免了过度曝气,在保证深度脱氮的前提下节省了能耗.经过10个月的稳定运行,即使在温度较低的情况下,该SBR法智能控制中试系统出水的各项指标完全能够达到国家污水排放一级标准,并且达到了深度脱氮的效果,出水COD低于50 mg·L-1,总氮低于5 mg·L-1. 相似文献
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In this paper, several studies were conducted to evaluate the genotoxicity of two pesticides, Imidacloprid and RH-5849, for earthworm (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed in different exposure systems to evaluate their acute toxicity and the genotoxicity of the two pesticides was evaluated by using the method of sperm deformity assessment, micronucleus test of root tip cells in Vicia faba, a mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test, and comet assay. LC(50) (interpolated concentration at which 50% mortality of test population occurs) for earthworms varied in different exposure systems. The results indicated that Imidacloprid was consistently more toxic than RH-5849 in all exposure systems. In this study, sperm deformity test was used to detect the potential adverse influences of pesticides on the reproduction of earthworms. The results demonstrated that significant induction of sperm deformity (p<0.01) and a dose-effect relationship displayed at Imidacloprid concentrations higher than 0.5 mg/kg dry soil. However, the sperm deformity frequency of groups exposed to RH-5849 did not show significant difference (p>0.05) from the control until the dose reached 100 mg/kg dry soil. The results of the V. faba micronucleus tests showed that micronuclei frequency of the exposed group did not show significant difference (p>0.05) from the control until the concentration of Imidacloprid and RH-5849 reached 100 mg/ml. The results of the mouse bone-marrow micronuclei test also indicate that two pesticides did not show significant effects (p>0.05) on the micronuclei frequency in mice bone-marrow cells until the dose reached 100 mg/kg for Imidacloprid and 300 mg/kg for RH-5849 (2/3 LD(50)). Although no genotoxicity was detected by using the micronucleus tests, the results of the comet assay showed that the two pesticides induce significant DNA damage (p<0.01) in earthworms and dose-effect relationships were displayed. The 'earthworm comet assay' is a rapid and sensitive way to screen chemicals or terrestrial environments for their DNA-damaging properties. 相似文献
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实验采用一步离子交换法制备Cu-Ce-La-ZSM-5催化剂,然后采用共混法制得Cu-Ce-La-ZSM-5/CaH2催化剂。采用扫描电镜(SEM),电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES),X射线衍射(XRD),红外(FTIR)以及NO吸脱附(NO-TPD)对催化剂进行表征。结果显示CaH2的加入使得催化剂中铜离子存在形式发生变化,催化剂表面变光滑洁净,并且吸附NO能力增强。NO催化分解实验的结果表明CaH2提高了催化剂活性和抗氧性。CaH2助催性是由于其受热分解过程中产生的H2能将Cu2+还原为具有催化活性的Cu+,同时使催化剂表面洁净光滑更容易吸附NO。 相似文献