全文获取类型
收费全文 | 193篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 4篇 |
废物处理 | 17篇 |
环保管理 | 27篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
基础理论 | 54篇 |
污染及防治 | 49篇 |
评价与监测 | 14篇 |
社会与环境 | 12篇 |
灾害及防治 | 4篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 16篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有198条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
161.
Living in a “stethoscope”: burrow-acoustics promote auditory specializations in subterranean rodents
Subterranean mammals rely to a great extent on audition for communication and to be alerted to danger. The only hitherto published
report on burrow acoustics revealed that in tunnels of blind mole-rats (Spalax ehrenbergi), airborne sounds of 440 Hz propagated best whereas lower and higher frequencies were effectively attenuated. Morpho-functional
analyses classify the ear of subterranean mammals as a low-sensitivity and low-frequency device. Concordantly, hearing is
characterized by low sensitivity and a restricted frequency range tuned to low frequencies (0.5–4 kHz). Some authors considered
the restricted hearing in subterranean mammals vestigial and degenerate due to under-stimulation. In contrast to this view
stand a rich (mostly low-frequency) vocal repertoire and progressive structural specializations of the middle and inner ear.
Thus, other authors considered these hearing characteristics adaptive. To test the hypothesis that acoustical environment
in burrows of different species of subterranean mammals is similar, we measured sound attenuation in burrows of Fukomys mole-rats (formerly known as Cryptomys, cf. Kock et al. 2006) of two differently sized species at different locations in Zambia. We show that in these burrows, low-frequency sounds (200–800 Hz)
are not only least attenuated but also their amplitude may be amplified like in a stethoscope (up to two times over 1 m).
We suggest that hearing sensitivity has decreased during evolution of subterranean mammals to avoid over-stimulation of the
ear in their natural environment.
We dedicate this work to Mathias Kawalika, who died in March 2006. 相似文献
162.
The aggregate income of oil-exporting countries relative to that of oil-poor countries has been remarkably constant in recent decades, despite the existence of structural gaps in productivity growth rates. This stylized fact is rationalized in an endogenous growth model of asymmetric trade where resource-poor and resource-rich economies display productivity differences but stable income shares due to terms-of-trade dynamics. The model yields two testable predictions that deserve empirical scrutiny: (i) the asymmetric impact, between exporters and importers, of national taxes on resource use on income shares and (ii) the inverse relation between terms-of-trade dynamics and total factor productivity growth. 相似文献
163.
Simone Manfredi Davide Tonini Thomas H. Christensen 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(3):433-440
A number of LCA-based studies have reported on the environmental performance of landfilling of mixed waste, but little is known about the relative contributions of individual waste fractions to the overall impact potentials estimated for the mixed waste. In this paper, an empirical model has been used to estimate the emissions to the environment from landfilling of individual waste fractions. By means of the LCA-model EASEWASTE, the emissions estimated have been used to quantify how much of the overall impact potential for each impact category is to be attributed to the individual waste fractions. Impact potentials are estimated for 1 tonne of mixed waste disposed off in a conventional landfill with bottom liner, leachate collection and treatment and gas collection and utilization for electricity generation. All the environmental aspects are accounted for 100 years after disposal and several impact categories have been considered, including standard categories, toxicity-related categories and groundwater contamination.Amongst the standard and toxicity-related categories, the highest potential impact is estimated for human toxicity via soil (HTs; 12 mPE/tonne). This is mostly caused by leaching of heavy metals from ashes (e.g. residues from roads cleaning and vacuum cleaning bags), batteries, paper and metals. On the other hand, substantial net environmental savings are estimated for the categories Global Warming (GW; ?31 mPE/tonne) and Eco-Toxicity in water chronic (ETwc; ?53 mPE/tonne). These savings are mostly determined by the waste fractions characterized by a high content of biogenic carbon (paper, organics, other combustible waste). These savings are due to emissions from energy generation avoided by landfill gas utilization, and by the storage of biogenic carbon in the landfill due to incomplete waste degradation. 相似文献
164.
This paper focuses on growth feasibility in an era of increasing scarcity of fossil fuels. A stylised dynamic model illustrates the implications of investing in smooth technological progress in the field of renewable energy. Positive rates of GDP growth sustained by fossil fuels entail, on the one hand, more income available for R&D in renewable energy sources, and on the other, an acceleration of the exhaustible resource depletion time. Our model explores such a trade-off and highlights the danger of high growth rates. Policies should target low growth rates, stimulate investment in alternative energy sources and discourage consumption growth. 相似文献
165.
Ronaldo Sousa Ângela Amorim Carina Sobral Elsa Froufe Simone Varandas Amílcar Teixeira Manuel Lopes-Lima 《Environmental management》2013,52(5):1230-1238
An important population of the critically endangered pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758) was surveyed at the edge of its southern distribution (River Paiva, Portugal). Although an earlier study suggested that this population had a very low number of individuals (<500), a narrow distribution, and was mainly comprised by old specimens our data contradict these findings. Our assessment estimated a population with probably more than 5,000 individuals distributed across 80 km of the river length. From the 32 sites surveyed, 19 contained M. margaritifera with higher abundances verified in the middle and upper parts of the river (a maximum of 78 ind. per 100 m of river stretch was recorded). The pearl mussels showed a clear preference for areas near the banks, in shallow water, sandier and gravel sediments, and a high degree of riparian vegetation cover. The population structure was skewed with a very high percentage of large (and old) animals but 3.7 % of the individuals collected were juveniles (<60 mm in length); therefore, this population can be considered functional. Environmental characterization indicated that this river is still in excellent or good condition although some areas showed deterioration due to discharge of domestic effluents. The main conservation requirements of M. margaritifera in the River Paiva include maintaining the water quality (and if possible stopping the discharge of domestic effluents), increasing riparian vegetation cover, removing several weirs to increase connectivity, and increasing trout density. 相似文献
166.
Gerosa G Finco A Mereu S Vitale M Manes F Denti AB 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(5):1737-1744
Ozone and energy fluxes have been measured using the eddy covariance technique, from June to December 2004 in Castelporziano near Rome (Italy), and compared to similar measurements made in the previous year. The studied ecosystem consisted in a typical Mediterranean Holm oak forest. Stomatal fluxes have been calculated using the resistance analogy and by inverting the Penmann-Monteith equation. Results showed that the average stomatal contribution accounts for 42.6% of the total fluxes. Non-stomatal deposition proved to be enhanced by increasing leaf wetness and air humidity during the autumnal months. From a comparison of the two years, it can be inferred that water supply is the most important limiting factor for ozone uptake and that prolonged droughts alter significantly the stomatal conductance, even 2 months after the soil water content is replenished. Ozone exposure, expressed as AOT40, behaves similarly to the cumulated stomatal flux in dry conditions whereas a different behaviour for the two indices appears in wet autumnal conditions. A difference also occurs between the two years. 相似文献
167.
Ines Dombrowsky Ram Almog Nir Becker Eran Feitelson Simone Klawitter Stefan Lindemann Natalie Mutlak 《Environmental management》2010,45(5):1112-1126
The basin scale has been promoted universally as the optimal management unit that allows for the internalization of all external
effects caused by multiple water uses. However, the basin scale has been put forward largely on the basis of experience in
temperate zones. Hence whether the basin scale is the best scale for management in other settings remains questionable. To
address these questions this paper analyzes the economic viability and the political feasibility of alternative management
options in the Kidron/Wadi Nar region. The Kidron/Wadi Nar is a small basin in which wastewater from eastern Jerusalem flows
through the desert to the Dead Sea. Various options for managing these wastewater flows were analyzed ex ante on the basis
of both a cost benefit and a multi-criteria analysis. The paper finds that due to economies of scale, a pure basin approach
is not desirable from a physical and economic perspective. Furthermore, in terms of political feasibility, it seems that the
option which prompts the fewest objections from influential stakeholder groups in the two entities under the current asymmetrical
political setting is not a basin solution either, but a two plant solution based on an outsourcing arrangement. These findings
imply that the river basin management approach can not be considered the best management approach for the arid transboundary
case at hand, and hence is not unequivocally universally applicable. 相似文献
168.
Toledo VE de Almeida Júnior PB Quiterio SL Arbilla G Moreira A Escaleira V Moreira JC 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,139(1-3):49-59
The Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Campus (FIOCRUZ), in a suburban region of the city of Rio de Janeiro, was selected as a case study
to assess the pollution released from vehicle and industrial facilities in Basin III, the most polluted area of the city.
Concentrations of particulate matter (PM10) and trace metals in airborne particles were determined in an intensive field campaign.
The samplings were performed every six days for 24 h periods, using a PM10 high volume sampler, from September 2004 to August
2005. PM10 mass concentrations were determined gravimetrically and the metals by ICP-OES. For PM10, the arithmetic mean for
the period is 169 ± 42 μg m−3 which is 3.4 times the national recommended standard of 50 μg m−3. Additionally, 51% of the samplings exceeded the recommended 24 h limit of 150 μg m−3. Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Al were the metals that presented the higher concentrations. The correlation matrix gave two main clusters
and three significant principal components (PC). Both PC1 and PC2 are associated to crustal, vehicular and industrial emissions
while PC3 is mainly associated to geological material. Enrichment factors for Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb indicate that for these elements,
anthropic sources prevail over natural inputs. PM10 levels showed a good correlation with hospital admissions for respiratory
diseases in children and elderly people. 相似文献
169.
170.
Assessment of Ni accumulation capability by fungi for a possible approach to remove metals from soils and waters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Grazia Cecchi Enrica Roccotiello Simone Di Piazza Alex Riggi Mauro Giorgio Mariotti 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(3):166-170
ABSTRACTAbandoned industrial sites and mines may constitute possible hazards for surrounding environment due to the presence of toxic compounds that may contaminate soils and waters. The possibility to remove metal contaminants, specifically nickel (Ni), by means of fungi was presented exploiting a set of fungal strains isolated from a Ligurian dismissed mine. The achieved results demonstrate the high Ni(II) tolerance, up to 500 mg Ni l?1, and removal capability of a Trichoderma harzianum strain. This latter hyperaccumulates up to 11,000 mg Ni kg?1, suggesting its possible use in a bioremediation protocol able to provide a sustainable reclamation of broad contaminated areas. 相似文献