欧美绿色供应链发展经验及启示

随着工业化、城市化的飞速发展,我国经济社会面临的资源环境瓶颈约束日益突出,实现经济发展和环境保护的同步推进是当前工作的重要内容,环境保护将扮演更为重要的角色。实施绿色供应链管理有利于改善高能耗高污染问题,提高企业生产效率,增强核心竞争力,促进企业和社会的可持续发展。欧盟和美国在推行绿色供应链管理方面成果显著,汲取其先进的政策和实践经验,对中国推进绿色供应链具有重要的借鉴意义。     

基于改进层次分析法的LNG气化站模糊综合评价

以某LNG气化站为例,从人、物、管理、环境4个方面考虑了影响LNG气化站安全的各个因素,建立了LNG气化站安全评价指标体系,利用改进的层次分析法确定权重集,并通过模糊运算求出评价结果。基于对运算结果的分析,针对LNG气化站各项安全指标,提出了相应的安全防范措施。     

Determining the origin and fate of nitrate in the Nanyang Basin,Central China,using environmental isotopes and the Bayesian mixing model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Identifying sources of nitrate contamination has been a long-term challenge in areas with different land uses. We investigated the biogeochemical...     

黄河三角洲自然保护区湿地生态服务功能价值评估

黄河三角洲自然保护区是世界上暖温带保存最完整、最年轻的湿地生态系统之一,具有多种重要的生态服务功能。通过山东省第二次湿地资源调查（2011-2013年）及其它统计数据,结合保护区湿地生态系统的特征、结构及过程,构建了生态系统服务功能价值评估体系,应用生态经济学的理论和研究方法,对保护区湿地生态系统的供给、调节、支持和文化四大类功能进行了全面评估。结果表明:保护区湿地生态系统提供的生态系统服务总价值为123.113×108元,单位面积服务价值为5.93万元/hm2,其中调节服务功能价值最大,为85.773×108元,占总价值的69.78%;其次供给服务功能价值为19.018×108元,占15.45%;文化服务功能和支持服务功能价值分别为11.992×108元和6.330×108元,占9.74%和5.14%。具体提供的15项服务功能价值大小依次为消浪护岸>调蓄洪水>食物>科教>固碳>生物多样性维持>气候调节>供水>保持土壤>大气组分调节>水质净化>原材料>旅游>航运>促淤造陆。货币价值的直观性突显了保护区湿地对当地经济及生态环境的重要性,可提高人们对保护区湿地生态系统的正确认识,为湿地生态系统的保护和管理提供科学的理论依据。     

不同源胡敏酸对磺胺嘧啶紫外光降解的影响及作用机制

研究了紫外光照条件下不同来源的胡敏酸（HA）,包括标准品胡敏酸（SPHA）、水稻土胡敏酸（SDHA）、泥炭土胡敏酸（NTHA）和落叶覆盖地胡敏酸（LYHA）对抗生素磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）光降解的影响以及主要活性物种对其光降解效能的贡献.结果表明：SDZ在纯水中及与HA共存条件下,其光降解过程均符合一级动力学模型,且HA对SDZ的光降解具有促进作用,其促进效果从大到小为SPHA > SDHA > NTHA > LYHA.通过羟基自由基（·OH）和单线态氧（¹O₂）淬灭实验发现,不同来源HA产生·OH和¹O₂的能力具有一定差异性.同等背景条件下,SPHA产生的·OH量相对较多,其对SDZ光降解的贡献率（26.97%）最大,而LYHA贡献相对较小（9.33%）.同时,¹O₂对SDZ光降解起主导作用,其降解贡献率为41.33%~51.95%.     

贾鲁河郑州段污染源与水质响应关系的模拟研究

以贾鲁河郑州段为研究对象,建立其污染源与水质响应关系的二维EFDC模型。首先,采用Delft3D针对贾鲁河郑州城区段建立了曲线正交网格,基于2014年上半年污染源流量数据和河流水文数据模拟该段河流流场,利用实测值率定河道糙率,采用2014年下半年数据对河流水动力模型进行验证;其次,在河流水动力模拟的基础上,以COD为主要指标构建水质模型,同样采用2014年上半年数据对模型进行率定,用2014年下半年数据进行模型验证;最后对模型建立结果进行了总结分析。     

Monohalogenated acetamide-induced cellular stress and genotoxicity are related to electrophilic softness and thiol/thiolate reactivity

Haloacetamides(HAMs) are cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic byproducts of drinking water disinfection. They are soft electrophilic compounds that form covalent bonds with the free thiol/thiolate in cysteine residues through an S_N2 reaction mechanism.Toxicity of the monohalogenated HAMs(iodoacetamide, IAM; bromoacetamide, BAM;or chloroacetamide, CAM) varied depending on the halogen substituent. The aim of this research was to investigate how the halogen atom affects the reactivity and toxicological properties of HAMs, measured as induction of oxidative/electrophilic stress response and genotoxicity. Additionally, we wanted to determine how well in silico estimates of electrophilic softness matched thiol/thiolate reactivity and in vitro toxicological endpoints.Each of the HAMs significantly induced nuclear Rad51 accumulation and ARE signaling activity compared to a negative control. The rank order of effect was IAM BAM CAM for Rad51, and BAM ≈ IAM CAM for ARE. In general, electrophilic softness and in chemico thiol/thiolate reactivity provided a qualitative indicator of toxicity, as the softer electrophiles IAM and BAM were more thiol/thiolate reactive and were more toxic than CAM.     

Levels, distribution, and health risk of phthalate esters in urban soils of Beijing, China

The content of phthalate esters (PAEs) was investigated in urban soil samples ( = 127, 0-20 cm) collected from a business area (BU), classical garden (CL), culture and educational area (CU), large public green space (LA), residential area (RE), and roadside area (RO) in Beijing. The sum of all PAE contents ranged from 1.9 to 3141.7 ng/g, with an average of 1139.6 ± 727.6 ng/g. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the major contaminants in the soil samples. The content of DEHP and DBP in the urban soil of Beijing showed decreasing trends from the center of the city to the suburbs, which was probably because the center of the city has a longer history. In addition, higher DBP content also occurred in the south of the city, which was caused by the existence of several factories that produce commodity chemical and building materials in these areas. Because of its greater age, less disturbance from human activity, and high levels of total organic carbon and black carbon in CL, PAE content in CL was the highest among the six types of land use, followed by RE, CU, BU, LA, and RO. Although in 82.6% of the soil samples, DBP content exceeded the recommended allowable soil content in New York, USA, health risk assessment with CalTOX and Monte Carlo analysis showed that the total cancer risk values of PAEs were lower than the acceptable cancer risk value (10(-4)) and that the risk mainly came from dermal uptake and inhalation exposure pathways.     

火灾损失特性研究

基于物质的热释放速率、燃烧热值和耐火极限的相关知识,通过量纲分析法确定固体单体的火灾事故损失特性函数。在此基础上,对于区域内有m个固体单体的情况,以传热学中热辐射理论为基础,运用随机理论的科尔莫弋罗夫-查普曼方程确定单体间的相互影响,最终确定了区域火灾损失特性函数。     

环境法学专业模式建构与发展展望

以中国环境管理干部学院环境法学专业模式构建为研究对象,从专业设置的理论与现实依据、模式建构、专业建设的系列措施、努力方向等方面对环境法学专业建设问题进行了层层剖析,旨在高职高专院校层面、社会层面、教师层面以及学生层面释明设立法学专业的必要性。