场地土-群桩基础-结构体系动力响应研究——大型振动台系列试验方案设计

以饱和砂土液化后场地失效模式特征与场地失效时群桩基础地震反应破坏机理为研究目的,依托中国建筑科学研究院大型模拟地震振动台系统,开展可液化场地、非液化场地在水平地震动激励下桩-土-结构动力相互作用动力体系大型振动台系列试验。基于本次系列试验研究对象以及试验目的,阐述了系列试验中动力模型体系相似比设计的基本原则、地基的制备、模型结构制作、各个种类传感器的选择与布设、输入地震记录的选取与工况安排等内容,介绍了阵列式位移计、非接触式位移动态采集系统等新型传感测试设备,并对所采用的层状单向剪切模型土箱设计合理性与科学性进行了验证。由之后的试验结果可知,本次系列试验设计方案是合理、可靠的,层状剪切模型箱的"模型箱效应"很小。     

改进电动力技术去除铅锌矿尾砂中的重金属

采用改进的电动力技术去除铅锌矿尾砂中的Pb,Zn,Cu。研究了铅锌矿尾砂中重金属在改进电动力技术处理情况下的去除情况。实验结果表明,经过7d的电动力实验,Pb、Zn和Cu的总去除率分别为34％,33％,37％,其中酸溶态去除效果显著,分别达到66％,86％,81％。Pb和Cu的铁锰氧化物结合态去除率为39％和42％,其他形态去除率较低,在10％左右。     

桑沟湾养殖海域沉积物中N的溶出动力学特性

2003年8月和11月对桑沟湾进行了2次生态环境的调查研究,通过沉积物-水界面交换室内培养实验得到了总氮(TN)和无机氮(IN)在沉积物-水界面的交换量与时间的动力学关系,利用非线性拟合技术和连续函数计算法计算了该湾沉积物-水界面TN和IN的交换速率.其变化范围TN为2.82～10.83 mg/m2·d, IN为1.71～2.94 mg/m2·d; 研究发现TN的交换速率有明显的季节变化,总体趋势为相同站位的交换速率8月高于11月, IN的交换速率有微弱的季节变化,相同站位的交换速率为8月略高于11月;TN和IN不同站位的交换速率均为扇贝和牡蛎养殖区高于海带养殖区; 并研究了IN的各种存在形式,结果表明夏季NH4-N为主要的存在形式,而秋季NO3-N为主要的存在形式.     

Study of 4-t-octylphenol degradation and microbial community in granular sludge

In this study, the authors have investigated the effects of various factors on both aerobic and anaerobic degradation of 4-t-octylphenol （4-t-OP） in granular sludge. In comparison, the aerobic degradation rate was much higher than that of anaerobic degradation. The optimal pH values for 4-t-OP degradation in granular sludge were 9 and 7 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. And the degradation rate decreased with an increase in the initial 4-t-OP concentration. Addition of yeast extract or homologous compounds such as phenol also enhanced the 4-t-OP degradation, especially under the aerobic condition. To investigate the bacterial community in this study, the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） method was applied, based on the primers, for the 16S rDNA V3 region of bacteria, γ-proteobacteria and bacillus were identified as the major species of sludge.     

Anogenital distance and its application in environmental health research

Anogenital distance (AGD), a useful anthropometric measurement for genital development in both animals and humans, was originally found by reproductive toxicologists in rodent experiments. As an easy-to-measure and sensitive marker, AGD has become a bioassay of fetal androgen action and a well-established reproductive toxicity endpoint in animals. It is generally accepted that AGD is sexually dimorphic in many mammals, with males having longer AGD than females. Exposure to proposed endocrine disruptors may result in reduced AGD; thus, it has been used to measure health effects of compounds with endocrine-altering properties or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in environmental toxicology. Moreover, AGD is an important clinical measure to address endocrine-sensitive endpoints in the first year of life and to assess the adverse impact of in utero exposure to environmental EDCs. Recently, AGD has been identified as one of the endpoints in the US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for reproductive toxicity studies in humans, but use of AGD in human studies is still rare, and the results remain mixed and inconclusive due to many reasons. In order to achieve a breakthrough, researchers are endeavoring to standardize the measurement of AGD, normalize age-specific population data in different ethnic groups, and conduct more in-depth human researches in this field.     

中国城市环境综合整治定量考核的经验与理论研究

中国城市环境综合整治定量考核制度实质上是建立一种以城市政府为对象的激励机制,以推动城市政府更有效地改善城市环境质量.此项制度实行以来,城市环境质量得以稳定与改善,但其效果、成本等仍需进一步评价,其理论也需进一步探讨.     

乡域资源与环境协调发展的实践与探讨——以山东省枣庄市萝藤乡为例

本文通过山东省枣庄市峄城区萝藤乡建立生态经济乡途径研究的实践,探讨了在乡域实现资源与环境协调发展的新思路,为我国农村现代化建设做出了有益的尝试。     

国外环境保护信息系统现状与进展

详细介绍了国外利用3S技术建立环境保护信息系统的状况,对其发展进行了展望。     

土壤有机污染通风去除技术

对土壤通风去除石油产品污染研究进行综述，介绍了每项研究内容，分析了主要结论与不足，提出了该项研究今后方向。