氧化沟同时硝化反硝化的生物脱氮机理

氧化沟是一种得到广泛应用的有机废水生物反应器 ,简要介绍了氧化沟生物废水处理技术的特点和典型工艺 ,并就氧化沟的硝化反硝化脱氮功能和同时硝化反硝化进行了讨论 ,运用电子计量学方法 ,推导并讨论了同时硝化反硝化反应的计量方程式。     

总量控制与排污权交易

深入剖析了总量控制的含义和特点,分析了我国总量控制与排污权交易的关系,通过对比美国的排污权交易政策,讨论了实施总量控制和排污权交易的步骤和意义。     

生物—物理化学法处理制浆黑液的试验研究

采用酸中和—厌氧—好氧—生物活性炭或化学混凝综合法处理制浆黑液,探讨了酸中和处理的影响因素及厌氧处理对后段好氧处理的影响.结果表明:两种综合处理工艺对黑液中木质素及COD_(Cr)的去除有显著效果;厌氧处理比好氧处理对木质素的降解更为有利.     

Studies on metabolism of 2-naphthylamine and its activation mechanism

2-naphthylamine was incubated with induced rat liver microsome S9 preparation and the metabolites were separated through HPLC. The following products were identified: 2-amino-5-naphthol, 2-amino-6-naphthol, 2-amino-7-naphthol and 2-amino-8-naphthol. The yields of these four metabolites are varying in quantity, and the relative contents of 2-amino-8-, -5-, -6- and -7-naphthol are 52.6%, 28.5%, 14.0% and 4.9% respectively. These results are consistent with the quantitative HMO calculation and inference based upon Di-region theory, i.e., the metabolisms of aryl amines on extra-ring (assigned the ring without the substituent of amino group) are through the epoxidation and then NIH shift, but are not the direct hydroxylation in the formation of phenols. It is shown that both the amino group and the carbon atoms on the extra-ring play duality roles of activation and detoxification in metabolism.     

Monodisperse amino-modified nanosized zero-valent iron for selective and recyclable removal of TNT: Synthesis, characterization, and removal mechanism

Nitroaromatic explosives are major pollutants produced during wars that cause serious environmental and health problems. The removal of a typical nitroaromatic explosive, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), from aqueous solution, was conducted using a new recyclable magnetic nano-adsorbent ([email protected]₂NH₂). This adsorbent was prepared by grafting amino groups onto [email protected]₂ particles with a well-defined core-shell structure and demonstrated monodispersity in solution. The removal performance of the nano-adsorbent towards TNT was found to be 2.57 and 4.92 times higher than that towards two analogous explosives, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) and 2-nitrotoluene (2-NT), respectively, under neutral conditions. The difference in the removal performance among the three compounds was further compared in terms of the effects of different conditions (pH value, ionic strength, humic acid concentration, adsorbent modification degree and dosage, etc.) and the electrostatic potential distributions of the three compounds. The most significant elevation is owing to modification of amino on [email protected]₂ which made a 20.7% increase in adsorption efficiency of TNT. The experimental data were well fit by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. The experimental results and theoretical considerations show that the interactions between [email protected]₂NH₂ NPs and TNT correspond to dipole-dipole and hydrophobic interactions. These interactions should be considered in the design of an adsorbent. Furthermore, the adaptability to aqueous environment and excellent regeneration capacity of [email protected]₂NH₂ NPs makes these remediation materials promising for applications.     

土壤污染指标元素钛、锆、钇在吐鲁番地区土壤中的分布及应用

本文根据新疆吐鲁番地区八种母质发育的土壤中Ti、Zr、Y的X射线荧光法分析数据,对这三种元素在土壤中的分布以及用它们之间的比值来判断该地区土壤剖面各层次的母质来源是否相同等问题进行初步探讨。结果表明,不同母质发育的土壤中元素含量有一定差异,而在大多数母质发育的土壤的表、底土间元素含量无明显差异;该地区土壤中zr/Y比和Ti/Zr比可用来判断土壤剖面不同层次的母质来源,两个结果较为一致,对于各层次间元素对比值较接近的剖面,认为是同一母质来源。     

我国海岸带土地、生物资源的开发利用

本文综述了我国海岸带资源开发利用的现状和今后发展形势,内容包括土壤和土地资源;各种生物资源的开发利用,如水产资源、芦苇、海岸防护林及红树林、大米草等。总的在海岸带土地及生物资源开发后,将大大促进我国经济社会和生态效益。     

煤矸石中有害微量元素的静态淋溶试验研究

在煤矸石的静态淋溶试验的基础上。研究了7-种有害微量元素的淋溶特性，分析了微量元素析出的影响因素。结果表明，淋溶液最终pH呈弱碱性：元素溶出浓度与淋溶时间，淋溶温度，煤矸石粒径，淋溶液pH值以及元素在煤矸石中的含量，赋存状态、本身性质有密切关系。     

城市生活垃圾填埋场渗沥液处理的工艺技术

简单介绍了城市生活垃圾填埋汤渗沥液的水质现状和变化趋势，以及渗沥液处理工艺。讨论了硝化，反硝化等工艺在实际工作中的运用情况。     

凤眼莲生态工程在炼油废水深度处理中的应用研究

在炼油废水氧化塘中建设凤眼莲生态工程。该工程较显著地提高出水水质及透明度，对其中污染物质均有不同程度的去除能力。在炼油废水氧化塘中实施凤眼莲生态工程的最佳运行控制条件为：６５ｍｇ／Ｌ≤ＣＯＤ≤１３１ｍｇ／Ｌ，最高临界ＣＯＤ为２６３ｍｇ／Ｌ，故凤眼莲生态工程适用于炼油废水的深度处理。对凤眼莲去除炼油废水中污染物的机理进行了初步探讨。