环境中四溴双酚A降解技术的进展研究

四溴双酚A(TBBPA)作为一种常见的溴系阻燃剂(BFRs),广泛应用于印刷电路板、绝缘电线以及各种聚碳酸酯塑料中,也是目前全球产量和使用量最大的溴系阻燃剂.由于TBBPA具有持久性,生物累积性和毒性,严重威胁了人类健康和生态系统安全,近年来已经被认定是一种值得探讨与关注的环境内分泌干扰物,TBBPA作为一种新的"POPs问题"成为了目前降解技术研究的热点.通过综合国内外的相关研究,对TBBPA的物理降解、化学降解,生物降解等降解技术进行了综述,并对存在的问题及未来的研究方向进行了讨论与展望.     

天津市近岸海域环境功能区划调整研究

为适应新的海域使用功能要求,科学管理、严格保护海洋环境,结合全市海洋功能区划和总体发展规划,对天津市近岸海域环境功能区划进行调整。展现了调整方法、过程及成果。调整后的天津近岸海域环境功能区共分为四大类21个环境功能区,相比之前的区划,调整后的区划中一类环境功能区范围有较大缩小,二、三、四类近岸海域环境功能区面积均有增加。对本次区划调整过程中发现的主要问题进行了分析,在此基础上提出若干建议,包括将近岸海域环境功能区提升至战略高度,将《近岸海域环境功能区划分技术规范》上升为国家标准,修订《近岸海域环境功能区划分技术规范》及《近岸海域环境功能区管理办法》等。     

Regeneration of commercial selective catalyst reduction catalysts deactivated by Pb and other inorganic elements

The regeneration of commercial SCR(Selective Catalyst Reduction) catalysts deactivated by Pb and other elements was studied.The deactivated catalyst samples were prepared by chemical impregnation with mixed solution containing K_2SO_4,Na_2SO_4,CaSO_4,Pb(NO_3)_2and NH_4H_2PO_4.A novel method combining Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt(EDTA-2Na) and H_2SO_4solution(viz.catalysts treated by dilute EDTA-2Na and H_2SO_4 solution in sequence) was used to recover the activity of deactivated samples,and the effect was compared with single H_2SO_4,oxalic acid,acetic acid,EDTA or HNO_3 solutions.The surface structure,acidity and reducibility of samples were characterized by N_2adsorption–desorption,inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),H-2-temperature programmed section(H_2-TPR),NH3-temperature programmed desorption(NH3-TPD) and in situ DRIFTS.Impurities caused a decrease of specific surface area and surface reducibility,as well as Br?nsted acid sites,and therefore led to severe deactivation of the SCR catalyst.The use of an acid solution alone possibly eliminated the impurities on the deactivated catalyst to some extent,and also increased the specific surface area and Br?nsted acid sites and promoted the surface reducibility,thus recovered the activity partially.The combination of EDTA-2Na and H_2SO_4 could remove most of the impurities and improve the activity significantly.The removal of Pb should be an important factor for regeneration.Due to a high removal rate for Pb and other impurities,the combination of EDTA-2Na and H_2SO_4 solutions provided the best efficiency.     

微污染水脱氮除磷工艺浅析

因水体富营养化问题及城市供水水源污染问题,人们越来越关注微污染水的治理研究问题,传统的污水处理工艺已无法满足微污染水的处理要求。"曝气生物滤池-生物脱氮滤池-双层除磷滤池"工艺,是一种投资小处理率高的生物处理技术,能很好地解决微污染水脱氮除磷问题,使处理后的出水达到地表水环境质量Ⅲ类水体标准。     

地电观测外线路自动断线装置研制

根据台站多年来地电仪器的雷害情况,分析原因,在原有防雷装置的基础上,增加继电器以切断线路与仪器的连接,有效的阻断了雷电侵入的途径,避免了仪器遭受雷击.     

KS-2000宽频带地震计作为综合观测仪器的可行性探讨

取用安徽省数字地震台网金寨地震台KS-2000宽频带地震计记录到的资料,采用matlab的低通滤波功能对地震计垂直向和水平向记录到的资料进行处理,并利用matlab分别画出其频谱图,发现KS-2000宽频带地震计的垂直向能较为清晰的记录到固体潮汐。     

Application of Pesticide Sprays to Fresh Produce: A Risk Assessment for Hepatitis A and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmonella</Emphasis>

The purpose of this study was to quantify the transfer of viral and bacterial pathogens in water used to dilute pesticides sprayed onto the surfaces of cantaloupe, iceberg lettuce, and bell peppers. The average percent transfer of bacteria was estimated to range from 0.00021 to 9.4%, while average viral transfer ranged from 0.055 to 4.2%, depending on the type of produce. Based on these values the concentrations of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Salmonella in water necessary to achieve a 1:10,000 annual risk of infection were calculated. Under worst case scenario assumptions, in which a pesticide is applied on the same day that the produce is harvested and when maximum transfer values are used, concentrations of 1.5 × 10⁻³ CFU Salmonella or 2.7 × 10⁻⁷ MPN HAV per 100 ml of the water used for application would result in 1:10,000 annual infection risk to anyone who consumes the fresh produce. If harvesting does not occur until at least 14 days after the application, to produce the same risk of infection, the numbers of Salmonella in 100 ml of water used to dilute the pesticides will be greater by up to five orders of magnitude, while the HAV numbers will have increased by up to two orders of magnitude. Based on the reported concentrations of enteric viruses in surface and ground waters in the United States, a 1:10,000 annual risk of infection could easily be exceeded with some groundwater sources used in the United States. To reduce the risks associated with the consumption of fresh produce, water used to prepare pesticides in spray applications should be evaluated for its microbiological quality.     

松山自然保护区的生态评价

松山国家级自然保护区是华北地区自然生态环境保存比较完好的暖温带山地生态系统其组成结构复杂,类型多样,面积４１５０．３ｈｍ＾２,拥有高等植物７８３种,高等动物１８４种,本研究通过建立３个层次的生态评价指标体系,运用指标赋分和加权平均法,对松山自然保护区进行了生态评价,结果认为,该保护区的保护价值较高,在华北地区乃至全国均有典型的代表意义,目前保护区的面积,结构及经营管理可以满足保护区持续发展要求。     

内蒙镶黄旗人群胃癌环境病因的研究──关于人体内合成亚硝胺的评估

测定了内蒙古自治区锡盟镶黄旗１５个不同地点水样中的ＮＯ＾－２含量。实验结果显示,１５个地点水样中ＮＯ＾－２的含量相差很大,大致分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ３组,其平均值分别为０．１８６、０．６４０、３．８５０μｇ／ｍｌ。     

2,2-二氯乙烯基二甲基磷酸酯在TiO2/H2O界面上光催化降解

实验研究了２,２－二氯乙烯基二甲基磷酸酯在ＴｉＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ界面上光催化降解的最适空气通入量,初始ＰＨ值, 不同浓度的调变性助催经剂Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ａｇ＾＋在供Ｏ２条件下对ＴｉＯ２光催化降解有机磷速率的影响。