复合催化氧化技术对油气田压裂返排液的处理研究

酸化压裂作业废水是石油天然气生产过程中的主要污染源,它的污染成份复杂,有害物质浓度高,特别是含有胍胶和表面活性剂等高分子物质,具有高COD、高稳定度、高粘度的特点.本文通过对压裂液的来源、水质特征、治理现状等常用方法的分析,确定了物理化学脱稳,过滤、O3/H2O2复合催化氧化、深度氧化的达标治理工艺路线.经过处理后的压裂液澄清透明,达到国家二级排放标准(GB8978-96).     

氧化氨浸工艺回收硫化砷渣中的铜

对在(NH4)2S2O8-NH3-H2O体系中氧化浸出硫化砷渣(砷渣)中的铜进行热力学分析;讨论了浸出温度、c(NH3 )/c(NH4+)、液固比、浸出时间及总氨浓度对铜浸出率的影响,确定了从砷渣中回收铜最佳浸出工艺条件;采用XRD和SEM对浸出渣进行表征。结果表明,氧化氨浸回收铜工艺具有热力学可行性;在浸出温度35 ℃, c(NH3 )/c(NH4+)1:7,液固比6:1,浸出时间3 h,总氨浓度4 mol/L的条件下,铜的浸出率为70.74%;大量S0均匀分布在浸出渣中。     

Blockchain technology-based sustainable management research: the status quo and a general framework for future application

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The problems of data leakage and unreliable information transfer in the management process make sustainability management an inevitable need for...     

Structural and electrochemical properties of annealed La1-xYxNi3.55Mno.4Alo.3Coo.75 hydrogen storage alloys

The effects of the annealing and partial substitution of Y for La on the structural and electrochemical properties of La_1-xY_xNi_3.55Mn_o.4Al_o.3Cr_o.75 (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) alloys were reported in the present work. The single-phased CaCu₅-type structure was retained after La was partially substituted by Y. However, the increase of Y content leads to decrease of the lattice parameters and the unit-cell volume. The annealed La_o.9Y_o.1Ni_3.55Mn_o.4Al_o.3Co_o.75 alloys shows typical isometric microstructure, indicating that the composition segregation is improved by annealing. Y substitution for La in the alloys is effective to improve the electrochemical properties at both room temperature and high temperature. A critical substitution content of Y is found at x = 0.1.     

A fouling suppression system in submerged membrane bioreactors using dielectrophoretic forces

A novel method was developed to suppress membrane fouling in submerged membrane bioreactors. The method is based on the dielectrophoretic (DEP) motion of particles in an inhomogeneous electrical field. Using a real sample of biomass as feed, the fouling-suppression performance using DEP with different electrical field intensities (60–160 V) and different frequencies (50–1000 Hz) was investigated. The fouling-suppression performance was found to relate closely with the intensity and frequency of the electrical field. A stronger electrical field was found to better recover the filtrate flux. This is because of a stronger DEP force acting on the biomass particles close to the membrane's surface. Above an intensity and frequency value of 130 V and 1 kHz, respectively the permeate flux was reduced due to an electrothermal effect.     

高压喷射技术加固地基的工程实践

概述了在辽宁大洼县田庄台抽水站地基处理工程中采用高压喷射注浆技术的实践经验，并介绍了从工程勘察、方案选择、设计、施工和检测的全过程。此项技术，经过长期沉降观测取得了良好的加固成果。     

Characterization and Release Kinetics of Allylthiosufinate and its Transforments from Poly(d,l-Lactide) Microspheres

In this work was described poly(d,l-lactide) microwave synthesis using tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate initiated ring-opening polymerization. Polymerization was performed at 100 °C with monomer to initiator molar ratio ([M]/[I]) of 5,000 in 30 min. The achieved number average molar mass of obtained polymers (determined by gel permeation chromatography) was 102,320 g/mol, with the polydispersion index, Q, 2.80. Structural characterization was performed by FT-IR spectroscopy followed characteristic bands. For applicative purposes the obtained polymer was purified during the procedure of microsphere preparation. Biodegradable microspheres prepared from poly(d,l-lactide) have been widely studied in recent years and have become well established controlled drug delivery systems. In this work microspheres were loaded with allyl thiosulfinate (allicin) and its transforments products (ajoene and vinyldithiine), as pharmacological active substances. The morphology of the microspheres was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. Allicin was synthesized by acid oxidation of allyl disufide and purification of obtained products by liquid–liquid extraction with diethyl ether. Obtained allicin, purity 73%, was transformed using microwave in acetone solution, at solvent boiling temperature, for 5 min. For the quality and quantity analysis of allicin and its transformation process was used LC/MS chromatography. (E)- and (Z)-ajoene were detected at retention time 3.1 and 3.3 min, respectively, whence 3-vynil-4H-1,2-dithiine and 2-vynil-4H-1,3-dithiine were detected at 4.3 and 4.8 min, respectively. Retention time of allicin was 2.93 min, according to liquid chromatography results. HPLC method was used for assessment of pharmaceutical substances (alicine and alicine transforments) releasing from microspheres at room temperature in solutions with different pH (pH = 3 and pH = 8) for 24 h.     

甘氨酸母液脱色废活性炭的微波-Fenton试剂氧化法再生

采用微波-Fenton试剂氧化法对甘氨酸母液脱色过程中产生的废活性炭进行再生,考察了废活性炭再生率的影响因素,并用SEM对再生活性炭进行了表征.实验结果表明,在Fenton试剂中n(H2O2)∶n(Fe2+)为24∶1、H2O2的浓度为25 mmol/L、溶液pH为3、反应温度为55℃、反应时间为18 min、微波功率为600 W时,废活性炭的再生率可达到75.80％.     

酸洗废液制备高纯氧化铁红

以钢板酸洗废液为原料,采用铁粉预处理、除杂、合成、水洗、干燥、煅烧等工序制备高纯氧化铁红.最佳工艺条件为:预处理温度80℃,预处理时间3h,铁粉加入量为理论值的1.5倍;除杂温度65 ℃,聚丙烯酰胺加入量60 mg/L;米用将FeC12溶液和饱和NH4HCO3溶液同时滴加入反应器的方式进行沉淀反应;煅烧温度800℃.在此工艺条件下处理酸洗废液,可制得纯度为99.3％的高纯氧化铁红.