长庆油田采出水处理系统污泥收集及处理

分析长庆油田采出水系统内污泥处理现状,介绍负压排泥和撬装离心脱水组合技术处理污泥的原理、流程及运行情况。该工艺流程在密闭状态下运行,占地少,污泥脱水率稳定,为油田采出水系统污泥处理技术发展和推广应用做了新的尝试。     

Integrating Stressor and Response Monitoring into a Resource-Based Water-Quality Assessment Framework

Following a global trend, the new policy goals emphasize the need to protect rather than to use the ability of ecosystems to recover from disturbances. This necessitates the adoption of response measurements to quantify ecological condition and monitor ecological change. Response monitoring focuses on properties that are essential to the sustainability of the ecosystem. These monitoring tools can be used to establish natural ranges of ecological change within ecosystems, as well as to quantify conceptually acceptable and unacceptable ranges of change. Through a framework of biological criteria and biological impairment standards, the results of response monitoring can become an integral part of future water resource management strategies in South Africa.     

石油化工系统污泥处理研究

石油化工系统污水处理产生的污泥同城市污水处理产生的污泥有一定区别,针对兰州石化公司炼油化工污泥其固有的组分特点,并通过转筒离心机、板框压缩机、带式压滤机、真空过滤机等不同机械脱水方式的比较,提出了这类污泥在处理和处置时应注意的问题及几点建议。     

旱地间、套种植模式的效益研究及综合评价

本文从产量、经济效益、辅助能效益和光、热利用效益等方面,研究了旱地间、套种植多熟制5种模式的效益,分析了复种指数与光、热资源利用的关系,并用层次分析法(AHP)和系统决策法对各种模式进行了效益综合评价。结果表明,5种模式的优劣顺序是 C→E→DB→A,其中以小麦 蚕豆-玉米 黄豆-红苕和大麦 蚕豆-玉米-红苕两种模式较好;复种指数与光、热资源利用率呈线性正相关.     

中国石油HSE专业标准化工作探讨

简要回顾了中国石油HSE标准化工作的历程,综合分析了HSE标准化工作面临的形势任务,对改进中国石油HSE标准化工作思路进行了探讨,明确了指导思想、遵循原则、重点工作,并提出做好HSE标准化工作要处理好四个方面关系的原则。     

井下作业清洁生产工艺技术应用

推行井下作业清洁生产势在必行。文章根据目前油田企业推行清洁生产中的实际情况,对井下作业各种施工中落地原油、污水和各种废液产生的原因、方式进行了分析,针对性地研制了接油漏斗、U型污水回流管、分离式汽化水放喷罐等配套新技术、新工艺。应用这些新技术、新工艺在处理井下作业施工造成的环境污染中取得了很好的效果,实现了清洁生产的目标。     

山东省辖城市空气自动监测网运行监控及信息管理系统

研制了山东省环境空气自动监测网络运行监控及信息管理系统,实现了山东省全部省辖市所有点位环境空气自动监测统一数据实时采集与多级多目标传输,全过程跟踪的质量控制与保证,全省统一数据确认、在线信息化管理。     

防治油气集输过程中烃类污染的主要途径

烃类是油气田主要的大气污染物,主要来源于油气集输过程中的烃类损耗。降低烃类损耗,回收挥发气体,是减少大气污染的重要途径。孤东油田应用大罐抽气、原油稳定、轻烃回收等工艺对烃类进行回收治理,文章介绍了使用的工艺系统,分析了治理技术的经济效益,得出结论：采用大罐抽气、原油稳定和轻烃回收技术防治油气田烃类污染是可行的,技术成熟,工艺较简单,投资少,见效快,效益明显。在油气田全面推广应用,可以大大降低油气田的烃类污染负荷     

Surface water quality and its control in a river with intensive human impacts–a case study of the Xiangjiang River,China

Surface water quality and its natural and anthropogenic controls in the Xiangjiang River were investigated using multivariate statistical approaches and a comprehensive observation dataset collected from 2004 to 2008. Cluster analysis (CA) grouped the 15 different sampling stations into five clusters with similar hydrochemistry characteristics and pollution levels. Four principal components (PCs), nutrients, heavy metals, natural components, and organic components, were extracted from the entire dataset. Comparison of the different regional characteristics of these four PCs revealed a decreasing trend for heavy metals and an increasing trend for organic factor on an annual scale, and the seasonal trend was only observed for natural factor. We also conducted analysis of variance (ANOVA) in combination with principal component analysis (PCA) to quantify the relative contribution of spatial and temporal variations to each of the four PCs. The results revealed that 62% of the contributions from the spatial sites were responsible for variations in heavy metals, while 83% of the contributions from the sampling time were responsible for natural variations observed. However, no significant spatial or temporal contributions were found to be responsible for the nutrient and organic variations. Finally, some suggestions regarding water management were put forward based on the current status and future trends of surface water quality in the Xiangjiang River.