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151.
Eva S. Stangler Stefan Jarau Michael Hrncir Ronaldo Zucchi Manfred Ayasse 《Chemoecology》2009,19(1):13-19
Foragers of several species of stingless bees deposit pheromone spots in the vegetation to guide recruited nestmates to a
rich food source. Recent studies have shown that Trigona and Scaptotrigona workers secrete these pheromones from their labial glands. An earlier report stated that species within the genus Geotrigona use citral from their mandibular glands for scent marking. Since convincing experimental proof for this conjecture is lacking,
we studied the glandular origin of the trail pheromone of Geotrigona mombuca. In field bioassays, newly recruited bees were diverted by artificial scent trails that branched off from the natural scent
trail deposited by their nestmates only when they were baited with extracts from the foragers’ labial glands. Compounds extracted
from the mandibular glands, however, did not release trail following behavior. This demonstrates that the trail pheromone
of G. mombuca is produced in the labial glands, as in Trigona and Scaptotrigona. Furthermore, in chemical analyses citral was identified exclusively in the foragers’ mandibular glands, which disproves
its supposed role as a trail pheromone. The labial glands contained a series of terpene- and wax type esters, with farnesyl
butanoate as major constituent. We, therefore, postulate that the trail pheromone of G. mombuca is composed of a blend of esters. 相似文献
152.
Claudia Kuenzer Ian Campbell Marthe Roch Patrick Leinenkugel Vo Quoc Tuan Stefan Dech 《Sustainability Science》2013,8(4):565-584
Hydropower developments along the main stem of the Mekong River and its tributaries cause transboundary effects within the Mekong Basin Region, which comprises parts of six countries. On the one hand, the provision of hydropower triggers economic development and helps to meet the rising energy demand of the Mekong riparian countries, especially China, Thailand, and Vietnam. On the other hand, the negative impact of dam construction, mainly altered water flow and sediment load, has severe impacts on the environment and the livelihoods of the rural Mekong population. Several discrepancies exist in the needs, demands, and challenges of upstream versus downstream countries. Against the common apprehension that downstream countries are powerlessly exposed to mainly negative impacts whereas upstream countries unilaterally benefit from hydropower, the authors argue that upstream–downstream relations are not really clear-cut. This conclusion is based on a consideration of the complex power play between Mekong riparians, with a focus on recent power trade interactions. The article investigates the consequences of hydropower dams for the Mekong region as well as the role of supranational players, such as the Mekong River Commission and the Greater Mekong Subregion Initiative, on the hydropower debate. It is not nations that are the winners or losers in the hydropower schemes in the Mekong, but rather parts of the riparian population: a few influential and powerful elites versus the large mass of rural poor. 相似文献
153.
Stefan Gartiser 《Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung》1999,11(3):157-162
Eine Reihe von Produkten wie Waschmittel oder Humanpharmaka gelangen haupts?chlich über kommunale Abw?sser in die Hydrosph?re. Die zu erwartenden Umweltkonzentrationen (PEC) solcher Stoffe werden von der Eliminationleistung der Kl?ranlagen und den Verdünnungsverh?ltnissen in den Vorflutern bestimmt. In diesem Beitrag werden überschl?gige Berechnungen zum Abwasseranteil in deutschen Flie?gew?ssern vorgestellt und Ans?tze für ein komplexeres Modell zur Berechnung der PEC unter Berücksichtigung des Abflu?regimes (Hoch- und Niedrigwasserabflüsse) aufgezeigt. 相似文献
154.
Numerous power plants in Europe had to be throttled in summer months of the years 2003 and 2006 due to water shortages and
high water temperatures caused by a hot and dry summer. Therefore, the effects of higher temperatures on power plants have
received much attention in the last years. One article published in Regional Environmental Change presents a study about ‘Modeling thermoelectric power generation in view of climate change’. In this article, the statement
is given that other studies do not include aspects as environmental legislation or cots of water shortages. This comment will
show that in at least one article cited these aspects are considered. 相似文献
155.
The solar settlement (Solarsiedlung) in Freiburg, Germany, has been widely hailed as an eco-city or green city neighbourhood and a blueprint for sustainable urban development. However, as there is a noticeable lack of critical analysis of what constitutes Solarsiedlung as an “eco-city”, this paper studies narratives and practices of sustainable urban development. First, we look at Solarsiedlung as a best-practice model – a narrative that was produced and perpetuated by architects, urban planners, investors and academics celebrating this neighbourhood as a technologically leapfrogging, economically sound and socially integrated project. Second, we explore the everyday practices and lived experience of the residents in Solarsiedlung. Bringing together these two perspectives, we contribute to a more comprehensive understanding and critical reading of the interplay between the ecological, economic and social dimensions of sustainable development as seen from different viewpoints. Findings indicate that Solarsiedlung as a best-practice model is embedded in growth-oriented neoliberal strategies that are in conflict with the everyday practices and lived experience of the residents. Our findings put into question the widely assumed transferability of best-practice models in sustainable urban development. 相似文献
156.
Assessment of Several Test Methods for the Determination of the Anaerobic Biodegradability of Polymers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stefan Gartiser Mathis Wallrabenstein Gabi Stiene 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1998,6(3):159-173
Anaerobic degradation of eight commercially available biodegradable polymers was compared in two anaerobic tests using digestion sludge, according to ISO 11734 and ASTM D.5210-91. Cotton, polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalerate copolymer (PHB/PHV), starch blend, thermoplastic cellulose acetate, and cellulose acetate fibers proved to be anaerobically degradable, but only a low extent of degradation was found for polylactide, polyvinylalcohol, and polycaprolactone. Both test methods gave the same overall results, but with the ISO medium, longer lag phases and greater ranges of variation in the results were observed. These effects are presumably due to low concentrations of carbon dioxide in the ISO medium. Carbon dioxide has been demonstrated to be essential for the growth of various anaerobic bacteria, notably homoacetogenic and methanogenic bacteria. 相似文献
157.
Pesticide risk assessment and management in a globally changing world—report from a European interdisciplinary workshop 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Marc Babut Gertie H. Arts Anna Barra Caracciolo Nadia Carluer Nicolas Domange Nikolai Friberg Véronique Gouy Merete Grung Laurent Lagadic Fabrice Martin-Laurent Nicolas Mazzella Stéphane Pesce Benoit Real Stefan Reichenberger Erwin W. M. Roex Kees Romijn Manfred Röttele Marianne Stenrød Julien Tournebize Françoise Vernier Eric Vindimian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(11):8298-8312
158.
159.
Per-Edvin Persson Stefan Skog Benny Hasenson 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1418-1420
Community odours in the vicinity of an oil refinery and petrochemical industrial area were studied by an observer network throughout an entire year. Odour episodes occurred during 0.86 percent of the time of the study. Odour reports increased closer to the refinery. Within a range of 12.5 km, more than 50 percent of the odours were estimated to originate from the refinery. The most typical odour was that of reduced sulphur compounds (35.2 percent of all observations). Odour episodes occurred during low wind velocities and high humidity. Odours were most frequent during January-April, and were usually reported early in the morning. The odours were evidently due to the general operation of the plants, as no single activity or in-plant factor could be identified as the source of the odours. 相似文献
160.
Stefan Thau 《组织行为杂志》2005,26(7):873-873
The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Journal of Organizational Behavior 25(5) 2005, 607–625. 相似文献