湖南省城镇生活垃圾总量预测研究

结合在社会系统中有一定应用的耗散结构理论的有关思想、方法和研究成果，对湖南省城镇生活垃圾总量进行建模预测，实际应用结果表明该模型具有结构简单、适用性强的特点，且预测值与实际值吻合较好。     

南黄海海水中各种形态磷的分布变化特征

利用 1998年 5月南黄海大面调查所得到的数据和相关的历史资料 ,对南黄海海水中P的现状及其分布变化规律进行了分析 :南黄海海水中P的含量底层略高于表层 ,且主要存在形式是DOP ;底层水中颗粒态磷和溶解态磷的形态间转化与表层不同 ,可能是通过DOP为煤介进行的 ;在南黄海海水中 ,溶解态磷酸盐的分布主要是受生物活动的影响 ,可以作为赤潮发生的一个预测因子 ;南黄海的大部分区域N、P供应充分 ,属于中等营养海区。     

关于京津地区臭氧（O3）污染问题

1983—1986年测量了京津地区的臭氧浓度。发现其浓度的全年季节和日变化一般与日照强度变化一致。并且浓度有逐年增加的趋势,还发现下风方向浓度高于上风方向及夜间多次出现峰值的现象。     

关于污染排放总量控制立法的探讨

本文结合实际工作，在系统分析当前污染物总量控制中存在问题的基础上，提出了解决问题的几点建议，从而进一步说明了进行污染物总量控制地的必要性，并对立法的有关内容和事项进行了探讨。     

贵州天然草地资源的自然特征和评价

贵州天然草地是我国南方草地资源的重要组成部分。本文通过1984年对贵州省84个县的草地调查和1331个草地调查样地的分析研究,阐述了贵州草地的次生性和不稳定性、草地分布规律、草地植被和草地类型的特点,进而对贵州草地的生产力和开发利用进行了评价。     

新生态MnO_2的制备及处理造纸废水的实验研究

实验制备并表征了XS - 1、XS - 2、XS - 3和XS - 4四种新生态MnO2 ,比较了它们对造纸废水的CODCr去除率和脱色率。结果表明 ,XS - 1和XS - 2样品的处理效果较好。选择XS - 1作为处理剂 ,研究了 pH值、投加量、温度等因素对处理效果的影响 ,并探讨了作用机理。当 pH值小于 1 .5、投加量为 50mg/ 1 0 0mL时 ,1 5℃下振荡 1h后 ,对CODCr为 3680mg/L、色度为 650倍的造纸废水的CODCr去除率达 60 % ,脱色率可达 91 %。     

长江河口低盐度河段化学物质的分布及其成因

根据长江口水体 2 0个站位的DO、ABS、Cl-、B、P、BOD5、NH4 N、TOC、Pb、Cu、Mn、CODCr、SS、Cr(VI)等指标的系统监测结果 ,采用因子分析法对引起长江河口上游来水水质变化的因素作出了综合判断。各种影响因素中海水入侵、支流进入、城市污水排放的成因率分别达到 6 2 .0、2 4 .9和 4 .8%。     

Effect of the air pollution on atmospheric visibility in Beijing-Tianjin area

Simultaneous measurements of air pollutant concentrations and atmospheric visibility were made in Beijing and Tianjin areas in 1983-1985. The relationship between air pollution and visibility was studied. It was found that atmospheric particulates have the most high contribution to visibility decreasing. The percentages of contributions of sulfates and soot are 52-58% and 22-29% respectively. According to the results, we suggest that the emission of SO2 and particulates must be controlled in order to improve the atmospheric visibility.     

Efficient capture of aqueous humic acid using a functionalized stereoscopic porous activated carbon based on poly(acrylic acid)/food-waste hydrogel

Stereoscopic porous carbons have shown good potential in humic acid (HA) removal. In this work, a novel stereoscopic porous activated carbon (SPAC) was designed and synthesized via the self-assembly of a hydrogel based on food waste during in-situ polymerization, vacuum drying, carbonization, and activation. Then, the SPAC was functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and the adsorption behavior of the modified SPAC (SPAC-NH₂) was studied systematically. The effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration of HA, and adsorbent dose were investigated, showing that optimal HA removal efficiency (> 98.0%) could be achieved at an initial HA concentration of 100?mg/L. The experimental adsorption isotherm data was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 156.0?mg?HA/g SPAC-NH₂. Analysis of the mechanism indicated that the removal of HA was mainly realized through the amidization reaction between the COOH groups of HA and the NH₂ groups of APTES. All of the above results showed that SPAC-NH₂ powder is an efficient, eco-friendly, and reusable adsorbent which is suitable for the removal of HA from wastewater.     

气溶胶污染对地面太阳紫外辐射的影响

一、前言太阳光通过大气层时经过了各种影响因素的衰减后到达地面,其中臭氧分子吸收,气溶胶粒子吸收和散射的影响作用最为主要.当臭氧浓度或气溶胶粒子浓度改变时,到达地面的太阳紫外辐射量将改变.据观测,近二十年来,全球范围内臭氧总量已普遍减少了1％—3％.臭氧浓度的降低增加了地面紫外线B辐射(UV-B,280—320nm),从而将给地球生物带来一定的危害作用.尽管臭氧浓度减少对地面UV-B辐射增加的作用很大,但是大气中颗粒物含量的增