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习惯了每天太阳出升前骑车上班,日落后披着灯光回家。习惯了每天机械地处理着单位的人和事。日子就这样像流水似地从指间溜走,生活也变的单调起来,仿佛今天成了昨天的重复,明天只是今天的翻版。     

Coupling effects of foam ceramics on the flame and shock wave of gas explosion

The coupling of gas explosion flame and shock wave is analyzed. In the gas explosion process, shock wave is affected by the flame directly, and shock wave also induces the flame. Inhibiting explosion can be achieved by the interference between the flame and shock wave propagation. If the coupling effects can be damaged, the adverse effects caused by the explosion should be mitigated and controlled. According to the structure characteristics of foam ceramics, the coupling effects mechanism of ceramic foam on gas explosion flame and shock wave is researched. When the explosion goes through the structure of foam ceramics, the flame can be quenched and the shock wave be attenuated. After the flame is quenched, the supply of precursor shock wave energy is cut off. Due to lack of energy supply, the destructive effects of blast wave will be reduced effectively. Coupling effects of the flame and shock wave can be damaged by the special structure of foam ceramics. Studies suggest that a certain function to represent the structure characteristics of foam ceramics must exist. For a certain material of foam ceramics, the sure porosity δ and the pore diameter d also can be get, which is the key to research and develop foam ceramic suppression technology of gas explosion.     

液化侧扩流场地桩基动力反应振动台试验数值模拟

针对已完成的振动台试验,采用OpenSees数值模拟计算平台,建立液化侧扩流场地群桩振动台试验数值模型。该模型中,采用线弹性梁柱单元模拟桩和挡墙,采用刚性连接单元和零长度单元模拟桩-土界面。自由水体通过施加节点孔压和节点力模拟。引入多屈服面塑性本构模拟饱和砂层,采用两相完全耦合的u—p形式模拟土体位移和孔压。通过对比振动台试验结果表明,建立的有限元数值模型能够可靠地再现砂层和桩基的动力响应,进而验证数值模型的可靠性。同时,针对两个代表性时刻,分析了桩-土体系的侧向变形响应。所采用的分析方法和相关结论也为同类桩-土体系数值模拟提供一般性分析方法和思路。     

The impact trilemma of energy prices,taxation, and population on industrial and residential greenhouse gas emissions in Europe

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As a major source of pollution and the cause of climate change, greenhouse gas emissions are attracting the attention of scholars, policymakers, and...     

Nanoplastic occurrence,transformation and toxicity: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Nanoplastics are emerging contaminants of concern for living organisms and ecosystems, yet nanoplastics are difficult to extract and analyse. Once released into...     

Conservation genetics of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lumnitzera littorea</Emphasis> (Combretaceae), an endangered mangrove,from the Indo-West Pacific

Mangrove forests, with their ecological significance and economic benefits, are vital inter-tidal wetland ecosystems. Lumnitzera littorea (Combreataceae) is a non-viviparous mangrove distributed in tropical Asia and North Australia. Due to natural and human impacts, populations of this species have been isolated, fragmented, and highly disturbed. In China, L. littorea is an endangered species, restricted to small regions of Hainan Island. The genetic composition of five populations of this species from the Indo-West Pacific (South China, Malay Peninsula, Sri Lanka, North Australia) was assessed using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) makers. At the species level, expected mean heterozygosity (He) was 0.240 with 75.6% of loci polymorphic (P). However, genetic variation was much lower at the population level (P = 37.1%, He = 0.118). A high coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst = 0.515) and low level of gene flow (Nm = 0.470) indicated significant genetic differentiation among populations. AMOVA also indicated that more than half the total variation (58.4%) was partitioned among populations. The high degree of differentiation observed among populations emphasizes the need for appropriate conservation measures that incorporate additional populations into protected areas, and achieve the restoration of separate, degraded populations.     

农牧交错区土地荒漠化与生物多样性研究--以宁夏盐池县为例

采用α-多样性指数即Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、群落均匀度指数Jsw和Js和β-多样性指数(相似性系数Cs)研究宁夏盐池县草原群落在不同荒漠化治理措施下(人工封育、退耕还林、撂荒)生物多样性变化.2002和2003年固定样地观测数据表明,到2003年,各样地的α-多样性指数均有不同程度的提高,以撂荒地和退耕还林地α-多样性变化较大.Simpson指数、Js指数变化最为明显,分别平均增加了140%、109%,Shannon-Wiener指数、Jsw指数次之,分别增加67%、49%.人工封育不同处理区α-多样性指数也有较大变化,由核心＞边缘＞外围,变为边缘＞核心＞外围排列次序.β-多样性的研究结果同样表明,各样地的种类组成发生了一定的变化.文章还进一步分析了引起生物多样性变化的主要原因.     

Morphological variation of dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge with geographical difference

Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge, one of the cosmopolitan dinoflagellates, is basically benthic and is found on the surface of macroalgae and detritus. The identification of this species requires detailed morphological observation because of its close similarity to other benthic Prorocentrum species. The purpose of this study is to detect the morphological variability of P. lima using culture clones collected from several areas to find an adequate way of subdividing the species. In this study, 33 clones of P. lima were collected from Saipan, Tahiti, Indonesia, Japan and Bermuda, and their thecal valves and periflagellar area were observed by means of light microscopy with differential interference contrast optics and scanning electron microscopy. In general cells have two centrally located pyrenoids and a posterior nucleus. The surface of both valves has many valve pores except the center. Evenly spaced marginal pores are located along the edge of the valves. P. lima samples studied herein were subdivided into four major types (ellipsoidal, general, short, and elongate ovoid) according to their shapes, length-to-width ratio and number of valve pores. The length-to-width ratios of ellipsoidal, general, short, and elongate ovoid types were 1.32, 1.33-1.43, 1.20-1.27, and 1.53-1.60 microm respectively. Also there were slight differences in the number of valve pores. The number of valve pores examined in this study ranges from 40 to 97: ellipsoidal, general, and short ovoid types range from 40 to 91, while an elongate ovoid type ranges from 80 to 97. The combination of valve shape, number of valve pores and length-to-width ratio provides useful information on the morphological variation of P. lima.