Contamination characteristics of trace metals in dust from different levels of roads of a heavily air-polluted city in north China

Concentrations of eight trace metals (TMs) in road dust (RD) (particles?<?25 μm) from urban areas of Xinxiang, China, were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The geometric mean concentrations of Zn, Mn, Pb, As, Cu, Cr, Ni and Cd were 489, 350, 114, 101, 60.0, 39.7, 31.6, and 5.1 mg kg^?1, respectively. When compared with TM levels in background soil, the samples generally display elevated TM concentrations, except for Cr and Mn, and for Cd the enrichment value was 69.6. Spatial variations indicated TMs in RD from park path would have similar sources with main roads, collector streets and bypasses. Average daily exposure doses of the studied TMs were about three orders of magnitude higher for hand-to-mouth ingestion than dermal contact, and the exposure doses for children were 9.33 times higher than that for adults. The decreasing trend of calculated hazard indexes (HI) for the eight elements was As?>?Pb?>?Cr?>?Mn?>?Cd?>?Zn?>?Ni?>?Cu for both children and adults.     

Effects of intercropping with floricultural accumulator plants on cadmium accumulation in grapevine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intercropping with floricultural cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Helianthus annuus L., Cosmos sulphureus Cav., Cosmos...     

High photocatalytic removal of NO gas over SnO2 nanoparticles under solar light

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) with a diameter less than 10&nbsp;nm are usually used in waste water treatment via the photocatalytic reaction. However,...     

Simultaneous adsorption and immobilization of As and Cd by birnessite-loaded biochar in water and soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A novel biochar was prepared by loading birnessite to improve its capability to simultaneously adsorb As(III), As(V), and Cd(II) in water and soil....     

Recycling sewage sludge into ceramic materials: A review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Huge amounts of unwanted sewage sludge are generated in the process of wastewater treatment, calling for methods to recycle sewage sludges into value-added...     

Electrocatalytic oxidation of ciprofloxacin by Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O3 three-dimensional particle electrode

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O33 particle electrodes were prepared for the efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). Co-Ce-Zr/γ-Al2O3...     

湖北省湖库洪水调蓄能力及其空间分异特征

湖泊是抵御湖区水系洪水灾害的天然屏障，而水库是现代防洪工程体系的重要组成部分，两者共同肩负着防洪减灾的重任。为探明湖北省湖库洪水调蓄能力，选取湖泊可调蓄水量、水库防洪库容作为评估指标，通过构建湖库洪水调蓄能力评估模型，分析全省湖库洪水调蓄能力及空间分异特征。结论如下：（1）湖北省湖泊、水库综合洪水调蓄量为416.02×108m3，其中湖泊可调蓄水量为79.69×108m3，水库防洪库容为336.33×108m3，分别占湖库洪水调蓄功能总量的19.16%和80.84%;（2）湖泊可调蓄水量较大的地区包括武汉、荆州、鄂州、黄石等地市以及鄂东丘陵、江汉平原，而单位面积湖泊调蓄洪水能力较强的地区为鄂州、黄石、咸宁、黄冈，其值分别为405.99×104、400.31×104、392.32×104和391.22×104m3/km2;（3）水库防洪库容较大的地区主要为鄂西山地的宜昌和十堰，分别为119.18×108m3和 103.03×108m3，占全省防洪库容总量的66.06%，而鄂州、天门和神农架水库防洪库容极小，不足全省水库总防洪库容的1%;（4）湖库综合调蓄能力空间分布特征与水库洪水调蓄能力空间分布相一致；从湖泊、水库洪水调蓄能力的构成来看，以湖泊防洪为主和以水库防洪为主的地市不相上下，水库在湖北省防洪体系中占绝对主体地位，同时湖泊也发挥着不可或缺的作用。针对湖泊萎缩、水库险病等突出问题，可以通过退田还湖、除险加固等工作提高湖库综合调洪能力。本研究可为湖北省湖库防洪建设提供科学指导。 关键词： 湖泊；水库；洪水调蓄功能；空间分异；湖北省     

教学楼火灾疏散的标识认知应对规律研究

为了研究逃生者在疏散标识引导下的火灾疏散效率与逃生认知应对规律,基于实地调研与问卷调查结果,采用Anylogic软件,对常规标识与增设标识2种教学楼火灾疏散情境进行仿真模拟。研究结果表明:在疏散过程中,增设标识能使各疏散出口的疏散时间相对持平,避免了常规疏散中通道过早闲置的现象;人流在一层教学楼的平均疏散时长缩短了约10%,显著缩短了整栋教学楼的疏散时间。据此火灾标识疏散仿真过程与人的认知反应提出了火灾疏散与标识认知应对规律模型。