玉米发酵酒精废水处理工艺的选择

企业根据酒精废水特点及排放标准的要求,结合厂内场地和现有设施情况,确定采取UASB+水解酸化+接触氧化+化学氧化的组合处理工艺,以保证废水达标排放。     

环境绩效评估在地方层面的应用——西双版纳案例

环境绩效评估是一种有效的环境管理工具,可将环境绩效纳入政府政绩考核内容。本文以云南省西双版纳傣族自治州为案例,探讨符合当地实际情况的环境评估指标体系和评估方法,利用DPSIR概念框架模式构建评估指标体系,通过一个时间系列的数据揭示和理清西双版纳州环境问题在"驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应"各项指标间的相互关系,分析其联动状况,针对与预定目标的实现和可达程度低的指标,诊断西双版纳州环境状况和管理上存在的主要问题,判读西双版纳州在环境问题上的应对绩效,对环境保护政策、方案的制定提供直接依据,对促进和优化今后的规划和建设具有重要的指导意义,同时也为环境绩效评估在区域(东盟)和国家层面制度化和主流化提供基础。     

关于玉米发酵酒精废水处理技术综述

本文介绍了各种适用于酒精废水的厌氧和好氧生物处理技术,及国内研究或投入运行的各类厌氧+好氧组合工艺,供同类企业废水处理参考。     

HF对Cu-SSZ-13/堇青石的原位合成及脱除NO_x的影响

以Cu-TEPA为模板剂原位水热合成一系列具有优良deNOx特性的Cu-SSZ-13/堇青石整体式催化剂.为进一步改善其氨的选择性催化还原氮氧化物的活性,在制备过程中添加HF对原位制备Cu-SSZ-13/堇青石整体式催化剂进行改性.利用XRD、SEM、XPS、BET、ICP-AES等对样品进行了表征.结果表明,当nHF/nAl在0.015—0.0375时,晶化72 h的Cu-SSZ-13/堇青石表现出了优异的脱硝性能和抗老化性能,其最大转化率为99.8%,NOx转化率保持在90%以上的最宽活性温度窗口为280—640℃,而无HF的新鲜样品的NOx转化率保持在90%以上的活性温度窗口为300—580℃;720℃老化50 h处理后,nHF/nAl=0.015—0.0375样品的NOx转化率保持在90%以上的最宽活性温度窗口为360—520℃,未添加HF的老化样品相应的活性温度窗口为400—500℃.无论新鲜还是老化,nHF/nAl=0.015—0.0375样品在低温段200—300℃和高温段500—700℃的NOx转化率基本都大于未添加HF的样品.结合表征结果,在催化剂原位水热合成过程中HF的加入既提高了样品的相对结晶度和负载量,又增大了样品的比表面积和比孔容,且提高了Cu-SSZ-13/堇青石骨架结构的稳定性,进而在一定程度上改善了Cu-SSZ-13/堇青石的高温脱硝活性和水热稳定性.     

含铁地下水的危害及处理措施

地下水中铁的超标会给社会生产和生活带来一定的危害性。本文综合分析了现今的地下水除铁技术,主要有空气自然氧化法、锰砂除铁法、氯氧化法、接触氧化法和生物法等,对其特点进行总结,对地下水的防治具有较强的指导意义。     

超微七味白术散与酵母菌协同治疗小鼠菌群失调腹泻

探讨超微七味白术散与酵母菌联用对菌群失调腹泻的疗效,可为超微七味白术散与酵母菌配伍制剂的研发提供依据.采用抗生素建立小鼠菌群失调腹泻模型,灌胃给药七味白术散50%量超微汤药、50%量超微汤药+12.5%量酵母、25%量超微汤药+25%量酵母、12.5%量超微汤药+50%量酵母及全量酵母,比较分析小鼠体重变化率、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群数及酶活.结果表明,超微七味白术散和酵母菌对小鼠体重和脾脏无显著影响,各治疗组的胸腺指数为正常水平(P>0.05);超微七味白术散和酵母菌均能促进双歧杆菌和乳酸菌的生长(P<0.01),调节微生态平衡;50%量超微汤药组和25%量超微汤药+25%量酵母组的大肠杆菌、细菌数恢复至正常水平(P>0.05).治疗后肠道内纤维素酶活性均恢复至正常组(对照)水平(P>0.05);50%量超微汤药+12.5%量酵母组和25%量超微汤药+25%酵母量组的淀粉酶活性恢复至正常水平(P>0.05);木聚糖酶、蛋白酶活性与超微饮片的浓度及酵母菌的量有一定的关系,但均未达到正常组水平(P<0.05).说明七味白术散25%量超微汤药+25%量酵母配伍能够有效治疗菌群失调小鼠腹泻,其效果与超微七味白术散50%量相当,达到全量传统汤剂的效果.     

和应涌流影响因素仿真分析及应对措施研究

为解决和应涌流造成变压器差动保护误动作的问题,通过分析和应涌流的产生机理,结合现场实际系统的运行情况搭建模型,对产生变压器和应涌流的影响因素进行仿真研究,提出减小和应涌流的相应防治措施。应用结果表明:加强电力系统网架结构建设,合理选择空投变压器时机,消除剩磁等措施可减少和应涌流产生,防止变压器差动保护误动作。     

共存阴阳离子对针铁矿表面磷固存机制的影响研究

磷素(P)兼具重要养分元素的利和潜在面源污染的弊,其在土壤环境中的固存行为及其迁移转化过程受到广泛关注.该研究选取黄、红壤中典型矿物(针铁矿、赤铁矿及高岭石)为模式矿物,在排除pH干扰的条件下,开展了共存阴(As(V))阳(Cd(II))离子对矿物表面P(V)固存机制的影响研究.结果表明:P(V)在不同矿物表面的吸附效...     

The role of doped-Mn on enhancing arsenic removal by MgAl-LDHs

To meet the challenges posed by global arsenic water contamination, the MgAlMn-LDHs with extraordinary efficiency of arsenate removal was developed. In order to clarify the enhancement effect of the doped-Mn on the arsenate removal performance of the LDHs, the cluster models of the MgAlMn-LDHs and MgAl-LDHs were established and calculated by using density functional theory (DFT). The results shown that the doped-Mn can significantly change the electronic structure of the LDHs and improve its chemical activity. Compared with the MgAl-LDHs that without the doped-Mn, the HOMO-LUMO gap was smaller after doping. In addition, the -OH and Al on the laminates were also activated to improve the adsorption property of the LDHs. Besides, the doped-Mn existed as a novel active site. On the other hand, the MgAlMn-LDHs with the doped-Mn, the increased of the binding energy, as well as the decreased of the ion exchange energy of interlayer Cl⁻, making the ability to arsenate removal had been considerably elevated than the MgAl-LDHs. Furthermore, there is an obvious coordination covalent bond between arsenate and the laminates of the MgAlMn-LDHs that with the doped-Mn.     

Novel eco-friendly spherical porous adsorbent fabricated from Pickering middle internal phase emulsions for removal of Pb(II) and Cd (II)

Spherical porous materials prepared from the emulsion template used in the water treat-ment have displayed a vast prospect,as the high surface area,abundant porous structure,convenient operation and excellent adsorption performance.But the tedious fabrication process,high consumption of organic solvent and surfactant limited the application widely.Herein,a facile and eco-friendly spherical porous adsorbent (SPA) is fabricated from the green surfactant-free (corn oil)-in-water Pickering medium internal phase emulsions (Pick-ering MIPEs) via the convenient ion crosslinking procedure.The Pickering MIPEs synergis-tically stabilized with the semi-coke (SC),which is the natural particle produced from the shale oil distillation,and sodium alginate (SA) has excellent storage and anti-coalescence stability.The as-prepared porous adsorbent possessed the abundant pore structure,which provided favorable conditions for effective mass transfer in adsorption,and could be tuned by varying the SA dosage.The saturation adsorption capacities of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) can be achieved with 460.54 and 278.77 mg/g within 45 min at 25℃,respectively.Overall,this study supplied a viable and eco-friendly route for fabricating the spherical porous adsorbent with a tunable porous structure for heavy metal ion wastewater.