高瓦斯工作面隅角柔性气囊安全封堵研究

为解决高瓦斯工作面隅角封堵工人劳动强度大、效率低,封堵效果不佳易造成隅角瓦斯浓度超限等安全问题,研发设计了矿用阻燃内外胆组合结构的轻型柔性隅角封堵气囊,并相应提出了单体液压支柱配合轻型柔性气囊的隅角封堵新方法。通过实验室测试实验和现场工业性试验表明:选用PVC材料和双抗涂覆布材料的气囊质量小、轻便实用,大幅降低了工人的劳动强度,提高了工作效率,减小了传统封堵方式编织袋装碎煤造成的遗煤浪费;该气囊可适应大变形(变形率可达42.5%)、耐冲击(2×104J的冲击能量不破坏),抗撕扯能力强,且具有阻燃特性,重复使用率高,大大节约了隅角封堵的成本;使用气囊封堵后,采空区内瓦斯浓度显著增大,说明气囊封堵的密闭性增加,安全封堵效果十分明显。     

磺胺氯哒嗪在海水中的间接光降解

以有色溶解有机物(CDOM)作为主要光敏剂研究磺胺氯哒嗪(SCP)间接光降解行为和机理,分析CDOM组成、盐度和pH值对SCP间接光降解的影响.SCP间接光降解速率随CDOM浓度升高而逐渐加快.CDOM产生的光化学反应活性中间体对SCP间接光降解的贡献率不同,其中³CDOM^*起主要作用,对SCP间接光降解的贡献率高达77.94%.所用CDOM由4种荧光组分组成,包含3种外源腐殖质(C1,C2,C3)和1种内源腐殖质(C4), SCP间接光降解去除率和³CDOM^*浓度分别与荧光组分的相关性大小顺序均为C3>C2>C4>C1.其中C3和C2与[³CDOM^*]具有较高线性相关性(R²>0.97),是³CDOM^*的主要贡献者.盐度和pH值对SCP间接光降解的影响作用显著.在盐度为15‰时,SCP的间接光降解速率最大.在低盐度范围(0~15‰)内,离子强度效应对间接光降解的促进作用大于无机阴离子带来的抑制作用,使得间接光降解速率随着盐度的升高而加快.溶液pH=(5.00±0.10)时,SCP的间接光降解速率最大.SCP的间接光降解速率随着溶液pH值的升高而减慢,中性和碱性环境不利于SCP的间接光降解.     

Associations between driving under the influence or riding with an impaired driver and future substance use among adolescents

Objective: Risky driving behaviors among adolescents, such as riding with a drinking or impaired driver (RWID) or driving while under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or drugs, are significant public health concerns. Few studies have examined associations of RWID and DUI with future substance use and problems after controlling for baseline substance use. Given that the DUI/RWDD event may be a teachable moment to prevent future consequences (e.g., when injured or arrested), it is important to understand how this risk behavior relates to subsequent use and problems. This study therefore examined characteristics of adolescents who reported DUI and RWID and assessed their risk of future alcohol and marijuana use and consequences 6 months later.

Methods: Participants were 668 adolescents aged 12 to 18 (inclusive) recruited at 1 of 4 primary care clinics in Pittsburgh and Los Angeles as part of a larger randomized controlled trial. They completed surveys about their health behaviors at baseline and 6 months after baseline. We examined baseline characteristics of adolescents who reported DUI and RWID and then assessed whether past-year DUI and RWID at baseline were associated with alcohol and marijuana use and consequences 6 months after baseline.

Results: Fifty-eight percent of participants were female, 56% were Hispanic, 23% were Black, 14% were White, 7% were multiethnic or other, and the average age was 16 years (SD?=?1.9). At baseline, participants who reported RWID or DUI were more likely to be older, report past-year use of alcohol and marijuana, and more likely to have an alcohol use disorder or cannabis use disorder versus those who did not report RWID or DUI, respectively. At 6-month follow-up and after controlling for baseline demographics and baseline alcohol use, RWID was associated with more frequent drinking episodes in the past 3 months and greater number of drinks in the past month when they drank heavily. DUI at baseline was associated with more frequent heavy drinking episodes and alcohol and marijuana consequences 6 months later.

Conclusions: RWID and DUI are significantly associated with greater alcohol and marijuana use over time. This study highlights that teens may be at higher risk for problem substance use in the future even if they ride with someone who is impaired. Prevention and intervention efforts for adolescents need to address both driving under the influence and riding with an impaired driver to prevent downstream consequences.     

深水水下测试树球阀剪切连续油管性能分析

为研究不同工况、不同结构参数对于深水水下测试树球阀剪切连续油管性能的影响,采用有限元分析软件建立剪切分析模型,对不同工况下剪切过程进行数值模拟,并与试验对比验证分析模型的准确性;结果显示,有限元模型结果与试验结果相对偏差小于5%;油管剪切过程中会出现2个剪切力矩峰值,通过分析不同工况下2个峰值变化规律,发现油管承受拉力越大、球阀剪切速度越小、球阀外径越小剪切过程所需剪切力越小,剪切性能越好。研究结果表明:得到的剪切模型及不同工况下剪切力变化规律,可为水下测试树的设计选型及现场应用提供指导及参考意义。     

两种螯合剂对汞在土壤-植物系统中迁移的影响

盆栽试验表明,螯合剂种类、浓度、施用时间等对莴笋产量的影响程度分别为５７．７２%、１６、０６%、２６．２２%,对汞在莴笋中的积累影响程度分别为４９．１５%、２．４７%、４８．３８%。在莴笋移栽时,施用０．１０ ｍｏｌ/Ｌ的ＤＴＰＡ,既可削减蔬菜中汞含量,又可促进蔬菜产量的增加。模拟试验表明,不同螯合剂只是对淋洗速度产生影响,而对滤液汞、土壤残留汞的影响不明显     

结合党的思想政治工作搞好高校思想政治理论课教学

在高校,党的思想政治工作与思想政治理论课的教学有着紧密的联系.必须实现二者在自身良性发展基础上的完美结合,因而应当遵循一定的理论原则.在实践中,应当通过提高高校思想政治理论课的教学质量来实现.参3.     

高职院校学生职业能力培养研究的意义

虽然教育部在中等职业教育的培养目标中就提出了“综合职业能力”这个概念,且各类职业学校对如何培养学生综合职业能力也做了一些探索,但由于综合职业能力培养毕竟是近几年世界职教界研究的新课题,对我国职业教育实践来说更是全新的理论,因而对其进行研究具有理论和实践上的意义.参7.     

无机阴离子对TiO2/SiO2光催化降解酸性红B活性的影响

以酸性红B为模型化合物，分别考察了6种常见的无机阴离子对TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂活性的影响，并考察了导致催化剂失活的无机阴离子的最低浓度。结果表明，除了HCO3^-能引起催化剂部分不可逆中毒外，其余5种离子并没有在催化剂形成占位。失活的催化剂通过简的HCl冲洗即可再生。另外，对催化剂的失活机制作了初步探讨。     

湖南省高效生态农业模式与综合技术研究总结

文章总结了湖南省10年来推行高效生态农业模式和推广综合农业技术的理论和实践,以及取得的效益。经过10年的努力,5个试点县的生态环境质量得到了显著改善,农业与农村经济得到了巨大发展;累计推广应用面积3.2663106 hm2,新增产值50.90亿元。     

玉米联合固氮耐铵工程菌Enterobacter gergoviae-7(E7)在不同载体及玉米根际的存活规律

以草炭、腐植酸和水为载体接种玉米联合固氮耐铵工程菌Enterobactergergoviae -7(以下简称E7)制备菌剂 ,在常温条件下放置 5dE7菌数在载体内明显增加 ,1mo后E7菌数略有下降 ,2mo后E7菌数急剧下降 ,半年后E7活菌数降至n(CFU) =5 .0× 10 6～ 93.0× 10 6g- 1 ,3种菌剂中菌数的变化趋势一致 ,E7菌数残留量 :草炭菌剂 >液体菌剂 >腐植酸菌剂 ;用草炭菌剂拌种在生长 2 0d的玉米根区 (包括根系和根际土壤 ) ,E7菌数达到最大值 ,以后E7菌数下降 ,至灌浆期玉米根际未能检测到E7;不同接种方法试验结果表明 ,以草炭菌剂拌种 +种下 2cm穴施使玉米获得最高增产率 .(表 3)